format string cleanup

GCC 4.0 includes a new warning option, -Wformat-literal, that emits a
warning when a variable is used as a format string for printf() and
similar functions (if the variable is derived from untrusted data, it
could include unexpected formatting sequences). This emits too many
warnings to be enabled by default, but it does flag a few dubious
constructs in the Postgres tree. This patch fixes up the obvious stuff,
when a function takes a format string and the caller passes a variable
format string but no additional arguments.

Most of these are harmless (e.g. the ruleutils stuff), but there is at
least one actual bug here. If you create a trigger named "%sfoo",
pg_dump will read unitialized memory and likely not dump the trigger
correctly:

=> create trigger "%sxyz_trig" before insert on xyz for each row execute
procedure xyz();

yields the following pg_dump output:

CREATE TRIGGER ""%sxyz_trig"xyz_trig"
     BEFORE INSERT ON xyz
     FOR EACH ROW
     EXECUTE PROCEDURE xyz();

Barring any objections, I'll apply this to HEAD and backport it to
stable branches back to 7.2 tomorrow.

-Neil
Index: src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /var/lib/cvs/pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c,v
retrieving revision 1.193
diff -c -r1.193 ruleutils.c
*** src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c    14 Apr 2005 20:03:26 -0000    1.193
--- src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c    29 Apr 2005 07:36:32 -0000
***************
*** 733,739 ****
          AttrNumber    attnum = idxrec->indkey.values[keyno];

          if (!colno)
!             appendStringInfo(&buf, sep);
          sep = ", ";

          if (attnum != 0)
--- 733,739 ----
          AttrNumber    attnum = idxrec->indkey.values[keyno];

          if (!colno)
!             appendStringInfoString(&buf, sep);
          sep = ", ";

          if (attnum != 0)
***************
*** 1885,1891 ****
              Oid            sortcoltype;
              TypeCacheEntry *typentry;

!             appendStringInfo(buf, sep);
              sortexpr = get_rule_sortgroupclause(srt, query->targetList,
                                                  force_colno, context);
              sortcoltype = exprType(sortexpr);
--- 1885,1891 ----
              Oid            sortcoltype;
              TypeCacheEntry *typentry;

!             appendStringInfoString(buf, sep);
              sortexpr = get_rule_sortgroupclause(srt, query->targetList,
                                                  force_colno, context);
              sortcoltype = exprType(sortexpr);
***************
*** 1954,1960 ****
              {
                  SortClause *srt = (SortClause *) lfirst(l);

!                 appendStringInfo(buf, sep);
                  get_rule_sortgroupclause(srt, query->targetList,
                                           false, context);
                  sep = ", ";
--- 1954,1960 ----
              {
                  SortClause *srt = (SortClause *) lfirst(l);

!                 appendStringInfoString(buf, sep);
                  get_rule_sortgroupclause(srt, query->targetList,
                                           false, context);
                  sep = ", ";
***************
*** 1976,1982 ****
          if (tle->resjunk)
              continue;            /* ignore junk entries */

!         appendStringInfo(buf, sep);
          sep = ", ";
          colno++;

--- 1976,1982 ----
          if (tle->resjunk)
              continue;            /* ignore junk entries */

!         appendStringInfoString(buf, sep);
          sep = ", ";
          colno++;

***************
*** 2040,2046 ****
          {
              GroupClause *grp = (GroupClause *) lfirst(l);

!             appendStringInfo(buf, sep);
              get_rule_sortgroupclause(grp, query->targetList,
                                       false, context);
              sep = ", ";
--- 2040,2046 ----
          {
              GroupClause *grp = (GroupClause *) lfirst(l);

!             appendStringInfoString(buf, sep);
              get_rule_sortgroupclause(grp, query->targetList,
                                       false, context);
              sep = ", ";
***************
*** 2229,2235 ****
          if (tle->resjunk)
              continue;            /* ignore junk entries */

!         appendStringInfo(buf, sep);
          sep = ", ";

          /*
--- 2229,2235 ----
          if (tle->resjunk)
              continue;            /* ignore junk entries */

!         appendStringInfoString(buf, sep);
          sep = ", ";

          /*
***************
*** 2301,2307 ****
          if (tle->resjunk)
              continue;            /* ignore junk entries */

!         appendStringInfo(buf, sep);
          sep = ", ";

          /*
--- 2301,2307 ----
          if (tle->resjunk)
              continue;            /* ignore junk entries */

!         appendStringInfoString(buf, sep);
          sep = ", ";

          /*
***************
*** 3268,3274 ****
                      if (tupdesc == NULL ||
                          !tupdesc->attrs[i]->attisdropped)
                      {
!                         appendStringInfo(buf, sep);
                          get_rule_expr(e, context, true);
                          sep = ", ";
                      }
--- 3268,3274 ----
                      if (tupdesc == NULL ||
                          !tupdesc->attrs[i]->attisdropped)
                      {
!                         appendStringInfoString(buf, sep);
                          get_rule_expr(e, context, true);
                          sep = ", ";
                      }
***************
*** 3280,3286 ****
                      {
                          if (!tupdesc->attrs[i]->attisdropped)
                          {
!                             appendStringInfo(buf, sep);
                              appendStringInfo(buf, "NULL");
                              sep = ", ";
                          }
--- 3280,3286 ----
                      {
                          if (!tupdesc->attrs[i]->attisdropped)
                          {
!                             appendStringInfoString(buf, sep);
                              appendStringInfo(buf, "NULL");
                              sep = ", ";
                          }
***************
*** 3415,3421 ****
                  sep = "";
                  foreach(l, (List *) node)
                  {
!                     appendStringInfo(buf, sep);
                      get_rule_expr((Node *) lfirst(l), context, showimplicit);
                      sep = ", ";
                  }
--- 3415,3421 ----
                  sep = "";
                  foreach(l, (List *) node)
                  {
!                     appendStringInfoString(buf, sep);
                      get_rule_expr((Node *) lfirst(l), context, showimplicit);
                      sep = ", ";
                  }
Index: src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /var/lib/cvs/pgsql/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c,v
retrieving revision 1.82
diff -c -r1.82 initdb.c
*** src/bin/initdb/initdb.c    28 Apr 2005 21:47:16 -0000    1.82
--- src/bin/initdb/initdb.c    29 Apr 2005 07:24:30 -0000
***************
*** 2609,2615 ****
      make_template0();

      if (authwarning != NULL)
!         fprintf(stderr, authwarning);

      /* Get directory specification used to start this executable */
      strcpy(bin_dir, argv[0]);
--- 2609,2615 ----
      make_template0();

      if (authwarning != NULL)
!         fprintf(stderr, "%s", authwarning);

      /* Get directory specification used to start this executable */
      strcpy(bin_dir, argv[0]);
Index: src/bin/pg_dump/dumputils.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /var/lib/cvs/pgsql/src/bin/pg_dump/dumputils.c,v
retrieving revision 1.16
diff -c -r1.16 dumputils.c
*** src/bin/pg_dump/dumputils.c    31 Dec 2004 22:03:08 -0000    1.16
--- src/bin/pg_dump/dumputils.c    29 Apr 2005 07:12:25 -0000
***************
*** 160,166 ****
      /* start with $ + dqprefix if not NULL */
      appendPQExpBufferChar(delimBuf, '$');
      if (dqprefix)
!         appendPQExpBuffer(delimBuf, dqprefix);

      /*
       * Make sure we choose a delimiter which (without the trailing $) is
--- 160,166 ----
      /* start with $ + dqprefix if not NULL */
      appendPQExpBufferChar(delimBuf, '$');
      if (dqprefix)
!         appendPQExpBufferStr(delimBuf, dqprefix);

      /*
       * Make sure we choose a delimiter which (without the trailing $) is
Index: src/bin/pg_dump/pg_backup_archiver.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /var/lib/cvs/pgsql/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_backup_archiver.c,v
retrieving revision 1.107
diff -c -r1.107 pg_backup_archiver.c
*** src/bin/pg_dump/pg_backup_archiver.c    15 Apr 2005 16:40:36 -0000    1.107
--- src/bin/pg_dump/pg_backup_archiver.c    29 Apr 2005 07:14:11 -0000
***************
*** 345,351 ****
                           * mode with libpq.
                           */
                          if (te->copyStmt && strlen(te->copyStmt) > 0)
!                             ahprintf(AH, te->copyStmt);

                          (*AH->PrintTocDataPtr) (AH, te, ropt);

--- 345,351 ----
                           * mode with libpq.
                           */
                          if (te->copyStmt && strlen(te->copyStmt) > 0)
!                             ahprintf(AH, "%s", te->copyStmt);

                          (*AH->PrintTocDataPtr) (AH, te, ropt);

***************
*** 2197,2205 ****

          appendPQExpBuffer(qry, "\\connect %s\n\n",
                            dbname ? fmtId(dbname) : "-");
!
!         ahprintf(AH, qry->data);
!
          destroyPQExpBuffer(qry);
      }

--- 2197,2203 ----

          appendPQExpBuffer(qry, "\\connect %s\n\n",
                            dbname ? fmtId(dbname) : "-");
!         ahprintf(AH, "%s", qry->data);
          destroyPQExpBuffer(qry);
      }

Index: src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /var/lib/cvs/pgsql/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c,v
retrieving revision 1.407
diff -c -r1.407 pg_dump.c
*** src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c    15 Apr 2005 16:40:36 -0000    1.407
--- src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c    29 Apr 2005 07:25:35 -0000
***************
*** 976,982 ****
                  {
                      if (field > 0)
                          appendPQExpBuffer(q, ", ");
!                     appendPQExpBuffer(q, fmtId(PQfname(res, field)));
                  }
                  appendPQExpBuffer(q, ") ");
                  archputs(q->data, fout);
--- 976,982 ----
                  {
                      if (field > 0)
                          appendPQExpBuffer(q, ", ");
!                     appendPQExpBufferStr(q, fmtId(PQfname(res, field)));
                  }
                  appendPQExpBuffer(q, ") ");
                  archputs(q->data, fout);
***************
*** 7599,7610 ****
      if (tginfo->tgisconstraint)
      {
          appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER ");
!         appendPQExpBuffer(query, fmtId(tginfo->tgconstrname));
      }
      else
      {
          appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CREATE TRIGGER ");
!         appendPQExpBuffer(query, fmtId(tginfo->dobj.name));
      }
      appendPQExpBuffer(query, "\n    ");

--- 7599,7610 ----
      if (tginfo->tgisconstraint)
      {
          appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER ");
!         appendPQExpBufferStr(query, fmtId(tginfo->tgconstrname));
      }
      else
      {
          appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CREATE TRIGGER ");
!         appendPQExpBufferStr(query, fmtId(tginfo->dobj.name));
      }
      appendPQExpBuffer(query, "\n    ");