Обсуждение: == PostgreSQL Weekly News - August 4, 2019 ==

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== PostgreSQL Weekly News - August 4, 2019 ==

От
David Fetter
Дата:
== PostgreSQL Weekly News - August  4, 2019 ==

== PostgreSQL Product News ==

barman 2.9, a backup and recovery manager for PostgreSQL, released.
https://www.pgbarman.org/barman-2-9-released/

pg_probackup 2.1.5, a utility to manage backup and recovery of PostgreSQL
database clusters, released.
https://github.com/postgrespro/pg_probackup

== PostgreSQL Jobs for August ==

http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-jobs/2019-08/

== PostgreSQL Local ==

The first Austrian pgDay, will take place September 6, 2019 at the Hilton Garden
Inn in Wiener Neustadt.
https://pgday.at/en/

PostgresOpen will be September 11th - 13th, 2019 in Orlando, Florida at the
Rosen Centre Hotel.  The CfP is open at https://2019.postgresopen.org/callforpapers/
https://2019.postgresopen.org/

PostgresConf South Africa 2019 will take place in Johannesburg on October 8-9, 2019
https://postgresconf.org/conferences/SouthAfrica2019

PostgreSQL Conference Europe 2019 will be held on October 15-18, 2019 in Milan,
Italy.
https://2019.pgconf.eu/

2Q PGConf 2019 will be held December 4 & 5 in Chicago.
The CFP is open through August 30, 2019.
https://www.2qpgconf.com/

pgDay Paris 2020 will be held in Paris, France on March 26, 2020
at Espace Saint-Martin.
http://2020.pgday.paris/

Nordic PGDay 2020 will be held in Helsinki, Finland at the Hilton Helsinki
Strand Hotel on March 24, 2020.  The CfP is open through December 31, 2019 at
https://2020.nordicpgday.org/cfp/


== PostgreSQL in the News ==

Planet PostgreSQL: http://planet.postgresql.org/

PostgreSQL Weekly News is brought to you this week by David Fetter

Submit news and announcements by Sunday at 3:00pm PST8PDT to david@fetter.org.

== Applied Patches ==

Tom Lane pushed:

- Improve test coverage for LISTEN/NOTIFY. We had no actual end-to-end test of
  NOTIFY message delivery.  In the core async.sql regression test, testing this
  is problematic because psql traditionally prints the PID of the sending
  backend, making the output unstable.  We also have an isolation test script,
  but it likewise failed to prove that delivery worked, because
  isolationtester.c had no provisions for detecting/reporting NOTIFY messages.
  Hence, add such provisions to isolationtester.c, and extend async-notify.spec
  to include direct tests of basic NOTIFY functionality.  I also added tests
  showing that NOTIFY de-duplicates messages normally, but not across
  subtransaction boundaries.  (That's the historical behavior since we
  introduced subtransactions, though perhaps we ought to change it.)  Patch by
  me, with suggestions/review by Andres Freund.  Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/31304.1564246011@sss.pgh.pa.us
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/b10f40bf0e4516d7832db8ccbe5f76319ad08682

- Fix busted logic for parallel lock grouping in TopoSort(). A "break" statement
  erroneously left behind by commit a1c1af2a1 caused TopoSort to do the wrong
  thing if a lock's wait list contained multiple members of the same locking
  group.  Because parallel workers don't normally need any locks not already
  taken by their leader, this is very hard --- maybe impossible --- to hit in
  production.  Still, if it did happen, the queries involved in an
  otherwise-resolvable deadlock would block until canceled.  In addition to
  removing the bogus "break", add an Assert showing that the conflicting uses of
  the beforeConstraints[] array (for both counts and flags) don't overlap, and
  add some commentary explaining why not; because it's not obvious without
  explanation, IMHO.  Original report and patch from Rui Hai Jiang; additional
  assert and commentary by me.  Back-patch to 9.6 where the bug came in.
  Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/CAEri+mLd3bpHLyW+a9pSe1y=aEkeuJpwBSwvo-+m4n7-ceRmXw@mail.gmail.com
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/3420851a2c2d2ac49b8ba53ccec5d02aa1e6a272

- Fix pg_dump's handling of dependencies for custom opclasses. Since pg_dump
  doesn't treat the member operators and functions of operator classes/families
  (that is, the pg_amop and pg_amproc entries, not the underlying
  operators/functions) as separate dumpable objects, it missed their dependency
  information.  I think this was safe when the code was designed, because the
  default object sorting rule emits operators and functions before opclasses,
  and there were no dependency types that could mess that up.  However, the
  introduction of range types in 9.2 broke it: now a type can have a dependency
  on an opclass, allowing dependency rules to push the opclass before the type
  and hence before custom operators. Lacking any information showing that it
  shouldn't do so, pg_dump emitted the objects in the wrong order.  Fix by
  teaching getDependencies() to translate pg_depend entries for pg_amop/amproc
  rows to look like dependencies for their parent opfamily.  I added a
  regression test for this in HEAD/v12, but not further back; life is too short
  to fight with 002_pg_dump.pl.  Per bug #15934 from Tom Gottfried.  Back-patch
  to all supported branches.  Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/15934-58b8c8ab7a09ea15@postgresql.org
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/07b39083c2aca003c4b1f289d7dc2368b5e2297a

- Mark advisory-lock functions as parallel restricted, not parallel unsafe.
  There seems no good reason not to allow a parallel leader to execute these
  functions.  (The workers still can't, though.  Although the code would work,
  any such lock would go away at worker exit, which is not the documented
  behavior of advisory locks.)  Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/11847.1564496844@sss.pgh.pa.us
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/4886da8327507dddd830786b0c7aaa9cfc480b4b

- Add an isolation test to exercise parallel-worker deadlock resolution. Commit
  a1c1af2a1 added logic in the deadlock checker to handle lock grouping, but it
  was very poorly tested, as evidenced by the bug fixed in 3420851a2.  Add a
  test case that exercises that a bit better (and catches the bug --- if you
  revert 3420851a2, this will hang).  Since it's pretty hard to get parallel
  workers to take exclusive regular locks that their parents don't already have,
  this test operates by creating a deadlock among advisory locks taken in
  parallel workers. To make that happen, we must override the parallel-safety
  labeling of the advisory-lock functions, which we do by putting them in
  mislabeled, non-inlinable wrapper functions.  We also have to remove the
  redundant PreventAdvisoryLocksInParallelMode checks in lockfuncs.c.  That
  seems fine though; if some user accidentally does what this test is
  intentionally doing, not much harm will ensue. (If there are any remaining
  bugs that are reachable that way, they're probably reachable in other ways
  too.)  Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/3243.1564437314@sss.pgh.pa.us
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/da9456d22a7697ef2c5ba9dd1402d948b2ec7f09

- Allow functions-in-FROM to be pulled up if they reduce to constants. This
  allows simplification of the plan tree in some common usage patterns: we can
  get rid of a join to the function RTE.  In principle we could pull up any
  immutable expression, but restricting it to Consts avoids the risk that
  multiple evaluations of the expression might cost more than we can save.
  (Possibly this could be improved in future --- but we've more or less promised
  people that putting a function in FROM guarantees single evaluation, so we'd
  have to tread carefully.)  To do this, we need to rearrange when
  eval_const_expressions() happens for expressions in function RTEs.  I moved it
  to inline_set_returning_functions(), which already has to iterate over every
  function RTE, and in consequence renamed that function to
  preprocess_function_rtes().  A useful consequence is that
  inline_set_returning_function() no longer has to do this for itself,
  simplifying that code.  In passing, break out pull_up_simple_subquery's code
  that knows where everything that needs pullup_replace_vars() processing is, so
  that the new pull_up_constant_function() routine can share it.  We'd gotten
  away with one-and-a-half copies of that code so far, since
  pull_up_simple_values() could assume that a lot of cases didn't apply to it
  --- but I don't think pull_up_constant_function() can make any simplifying
  assumptions.  Might as well make pull_up_simple_values() use it too.
  (Possibly this refactoring should go further: maybe we could share some of the
  code to fill in the pullup_replace_vars_context struct? For now, I left it
  that the callers fill that completely.)  Note: the one existing test case that
  this patch changes has to be changed because inlining its function RTEs would
  destroy the point of the test, namely to check join order.  Alexander
  Kuzmenkov and Aleksandr Parfenov, reviewed by Antonin Houska and Anastasia
  Lubennikova, and whacked around some more by me  Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/402356c32eeb93d4fed01f66d6c7fe2d@postgrespro.ru
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/7266d0997dd2a0632da38a594c78e25ff21df67e

Thomas Munro pushed:

- Avoid macro clash with LLVM 9. Early previews of LLVM 9 reveal that our Min()
  macro causes compiler errors in LLVM headers reached by the #include
  directives in llvmjit_inline.cpp.  Let's just undefine it.  Per buildfarm
  animal seawasp.  Back-patch to 11.  Reviewed-by: Fabien Coelho, Tom Lane
  Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/20190606173216.GA6306%40alvherre.pgsql
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/a2a777d011971ace3a349a3f02b1bf6eeea07bf2

Michaël Paquier pushed:

- Fix handling of expressions and predicates in REINDEX CONCURRENTLY. When
  copying the definition of an index rebuilt concurrently for the new entry, the
  index information was taken directly from the old index using the relation
  cache.  In this case, predicates and expressions have some post-processing to
  prepare things for the planner, which loses some information including the
  collations added in any of them.  This inconsistency can cause issues when
  attempting for example a table rewrite, and makes the new indexes rebuilt
  concurrently inconsistent with the old entries.  In order to fix the problem,
  fetch expressions and predicates directly from the catalog of the old entry,
  and fill in IndexInfo for the new index with that.  This makes the process
  more consistent with DefineIndex(), and the code is refactored with the
  addition of a routine to create an IndexInfo node.  Reported-by: Manuel Rigger
  Author: Michael Paquier Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/CA+u7OA5Hp0ra235F3czPom_FyAd-3+XwSJmX95r1+sRPOJc9VQ@mail.gmail.com
  Backpatch-through: 12
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/7cce159349ccdb39ade07f869f08e4929ef2fe0b

- Fix inconsistencies and typos in the tree. This is numbered take 8, and
  addresses again a set of issues with code comments, variable names and
  unreferenced variables.  Author: Alexander Lakhin Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/b137b5eb-9c95-9c2f-586e-38aba7d59788@gmail.com
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/eb43f3d19324d7e5376b1f57fc2e5c142a6b5f3d

- Fix memory leak coming from simple lists built in reindexdb. When building a
  list of relations for a parallel processing of a schema or a database (or just
  a single-entry list for the non-parallel case with the database name), the
  list is allocated and built on-the-fly for each database processed, leaking
  after one database-level reindex is done.  This accumulates leaks when
  processing all databases, and could become a visible issue with thousands of
  relations.  This is fixed by introducing a new routine in simple_list.c to
  free all the elements in a simple list made of strings or OIDs.  The header of
  the list may be using a variable declaration or an allocated pointer, so we
  don't have a routine to free this part to keep the interface simple.  Per
  report from coverity for an issue introduced by 5ab892c, and valgrind
  complains about the leak as well.  The idea to introduce a new routine in
  simple_list.c is from Tom Lane.  Author: Michael Paquier Reviewed-by: Tom Lane
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/04cf0bfc90dfae89a794d2bdd88fe3b8e313798e

- Remove orphaned structure member in pgcrypto. int_name has never been used for
  digest lookups since its introduction in e94dd6a.  Author: Daniel Gustafsson
  Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/386C26CB-628B-4A4C-8879-D8BF190F2C77@yesql.se
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/652a8947d981db0367bcff5b123545eba0049878

- Fix handling of previous password hooks in passwordcheck. When piling up
  loading of modules using check_password_hook_type, loading passwordcheck would
  remove any trace of a previously-loaded hook.  Unloading the module would also
  cause previous hooks to be entirely gone.  Reported-by: Rafael Castro Author:
  Michael Paquier Reviewed-by: Daniel Gustafsson Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/15932-78f48f9ef166778c@postgresql.org Backpatch-through:
  9.4
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/b2a3d706b8d76b9d65e953942fc1ccafe892f692

- Fix format truncation issue from ECPG test. This fixes one warning generated
  by GCC and present in the test case array part of ECPG.  This likely got
  missed in past fixes like 3a4b891 because the compilation of those tests is
  not done by default.  Reported-by: Sergei Kornilov Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/14951331562847675@sas2-a1efad875d04.qloud-c.yandex.net
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/a9f301df0e76c38d4544477c1b3e5e29d57904e6

Peter Eisentraut pushed:

- Handle fsync failures in pg_receivewal and pg_recvlogical. It is not safe to
  simply report an fsync error and continue.  We must exit the program instead.
  Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael@paquier.xyz> Reviewed-by: Sehrope
  Sarkuni <sehrope@jackdb.com> Discussion:
  https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/9b49fe44-8f3e-eca9-5914-29e9e99030bf@2ndquadrant.com
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/1e2fddfa33d3c7cc93ca3ee0f32852699bd3e012

- Run UTF8-requiring collation tests by default. The tests collate.icu.utf8 and
  collate.linux.utf8 were previously only run when explicitly selected via
  EXTRA_TESTS.  They require a UTF8 database, because the error messages in the
  expected files refer to that, and they use some non-ASCII characters in the
  tests.  Since users can select any locale and encoding for the regression test
  run, it was not possible to include these tests automatically.  To fix, use
  psql's \if facility to check various prerequisites such as platform and the
  server encoding and quit the tests at the very beginning if the configuration
  is not adequate.  We then need to maintain alternative expected files for
  these tests, but they are very tiny and never need to change after this.
  These two tests are now run automatically as part of the regression tests.
  Reviewed-by: Tom Lane <tgl@sss.pgh.pa.us> Discussion:
  https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/052295c2-a2e1-9a21-bd36-8fbff8686cf3%402ndquadrant.com
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/f140007050a2ba874b85c4578d8417828f4b64b6

- Add error codes to some corruption log messages. In some cases we have
  elog(ERROR) while corruption is certain and we can give a clear error code
  ERRCODE_DATA_CORRUPTED or ERRCODE_INDEX_CORRUPTED.  Author: Andrey Borodin
  <x4mmm@yandex-team.ru> Discussion:
  https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/flat/25F6C686-6442-4A6B-BAF8-A6F7B84B16DE@yandex-team.ru
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/fd6ec93bf890314ac694dc8a7f3c45702ecc1bbd

Tomáš Vondra pushed:

- Don't build extended statistics on inheritance trees. When performing ANALYZE
  on inheritance trees, we collect two samples for each relation - one for the
  relation alone, and one for the inheritance subtree (relation and its child
  relations). And then we build statistics on each sample, so for each relation
  we get two sets of statistics.  For regular (per-column) statistics this works
  fine, because the catalog includes a flag differentiating statistics built
  from those two samples. But we don't have such flag in the extended statistics
  catalogs, and we ended up updating the same row twice, triggering this error:
  ERROR:  tuple already updated by self  The simplest solution is to disable
  extended statistics on inheritance trees, which is what this commit is doing.
  In the future we may need to do something similar to per-column statistics,
  but that requires adding a flag to the catalog - and that's not backpatchable.
  Moreover, the current selectivity estimation code only works with individual
  relations, so building statistics on inheritance trees would be pointless
  anyway.  Author: Tomas Vondra Backpatch-to: 10- Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/20190618231233.GA27470@telsasoft.com Reported-by: Justin
  Pryzby
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/14ef15a22246ca17c949e7a9d1abe14c8874d743

Heikki Linnakangas pushed:

- Print WAL position correctly in pg_rewind error message. This has been wrong
  ever since pg_rewind was added. The if-branch just above this, where we print
  the same error with an extra message supplied by XLogReadRecord() got this
  right, but the variable name was wrong in the else-branch. As a consequence,
  the error printed the WAL position as 0/0 if there was an error reading a WAL
  file.  Backpatch to 9.5, where pg_rewind was added.
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/d8b094dabb0fa16388340ca823d0a38285d2d6ce

- Allow table AM's to use rd_amcache, too. The rd_amcache allows an index AM to
  cache arbitrary information in a relcache entry. This commit moves the cleanup
  of rd_amcache so that it can also be used by table AMs. Nothing takes
  advantage of that yet, but I'm sure it'll come handy for anyone writing new
  table AMs.  Backpatch to v12, where table AM interface was introduced.
  Reviewed-by: Julien Rouhaud
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/a29834beb1deeb0aa06742dd77ba1d21b444ca44

Andres Freund pushed:

- Remove superfluous semicolon. Author: Andres Freund
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/6384e87be28ee8d69ef11e49413b115506a3c6d3

- Remove superfluous newlines in function prototypes. These were introduced by
  pgindent due to fixe to broken indentation (c.f. 8255c7a5eeba8). Previously
  the mis-indentation of function prototypes was creatively used to reduce
  indentation in a few places.  As that formatting only exists in master and
  REL_12_STABLE, it seems better to fix it in both, rather than having some odd
  indentation in v12 that somebody might copy for future patches or such.
  Author: Andres Freund Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/20190728013754.jwcbe5nfyt3533vx@alap3.anarazel.de
  Backpatch: 12-
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/870b1d6800cc2173ab672449047efbc30bdc1b57

- Fix representation of hash keys in Hash/HashJoin nodes. In 5f32b29c1819 I
  changed the creation of HashState.hashkeys to actually use HashState as the
  parent (instead of HashJoinState, which was incorrect, as they were executed
  below HashState), to fix the problem of hashkeys expressions otherwise relying
  on slot types appropriate for HashJoinState, rather than HashState as would be
  correct. That reliance was only introduced in 12, which is why it previously
  worked to use HashJoinState as the parent (although I'd be unsurprised if
  there were problematic cases).  Unfortunately that's not a sufficient
  solution, because before this commit, the to-be-hashed expressions referenced
  inner/outer as appropriate for the HashJoin, not Hash. That didn't have
  obvious bad consequences, because the slots containing the tuples were put
  into ecxt_innertuple when hashing a tuple for HashState (even though Hash
  doesn't have an inner plan).  There are less common cases where this can cause
  visible problems however (rather than just confusion when inspecting such
  executor trees). E.g. "ERROR: bogus varno: 65000", when explaining queries
  containing a HashJoin where the subsidiary Hash node's hash keys reference a
  subplan. While normally hashkeys aren't displayed by EXPLAIN, if one of those
  expressions references a subplan, that subplan may be printed as part of the
  Hash node - which then failed because an inner plan was referenced, and Hash
  doesn't have that.  It seems quite possible that there's other broken cases,
  too.  Fix the problem by properly splitting the expression for the HashJoin
  and Hash nodes at plan time, and have them reference the proper subsidiary
  node. While other workarounds are possible, fixing this correctly seems easy
  enough. It was a pretty ugly hack to have ExecInitHashJoin put the expression
  into the already initialized HashState, in the first place.  I decided to not
  just split inner/outer hashkeys inside make_hashjoin(), but also to separate
  out hashoperators and hashcollations at plan time. Otherwise we would have
  ended up having two very similar loops, one at plan time and the other during
  executor startup. The work seems to more appropriately belong to plan time,
  anyway.  Reported-By: Nikita Glukhov, Alexander Korotkov Author: Andres Freund
  Reviewed-By: Tom Lane, in an earlier version Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/CAPpHfdvGVegF_TKKRiBrSmatJL2dR9uwFCuR+teQ_8tEXU8mxg@mail.gmail.com
  Backpatch: 12-
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/2abd7ae9b20bcd810d4f19d28aefb97048813825

Peter Geoghegan pushed:

- Add sort support routine for the inet data type. Add sort support for inet,
  including support for abbreviated keys. Testing has shown that this reduces
  the time taken to sort medium to large inet/cidr inputs by ~50-60% in
  realistic cases.  Author: Brandur Leach Reviewed-By: Peter Geoghegan, Edmund
  Horner Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/CABR_9B-PQ8o2MZNJ88wo6r-NxW2EFG70M96Wmcgf99G6HUQ3sw@mail.gmail.com
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/71dcd7438664d81235c72337cbbbfa780f7a0630

- Bump catversion. Oversight in commit 71dcd743.
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/a8d6a95eb992e942838e41029537564d81c4a50e

Jeff Davis pushed:

- Allow simplehash to use already-calculated hash values. Add _lookup_hash and
  _insert_hash functions for callers that have already calculated the hash value
  of the key.  The immediate use case is for hash algorithms that write to disk
  in partitions. The hash value can be calculated once, used to perform a
  lookup, used to select the partition, then written to the partition along with
  the tuple. When the tuple is read back, the hash value does not need to be
  recalculated.  Author: Jeff Davis Reviewed-by: Andres Freund Discussion:
  https://postgr.es/m/48abe675e1330f0c264ab2fe0d4ff23eb244f9ef.camel%40j-davis.com
  https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/6ae4e8eae78e0781633f7b40a1b5cc189bc40923

== Pending Patches ==

Tom Lane sent in another revision of a patch to add support for ON UPDATE/DELETE
actions on ALTER CONSTRAINT.

Fabien COELHO sent in two more revisions of a patch to ensure that
multi-statement strings in psql return all result sets.

Simon Riggs sent in a patch to allow XLOG HEAP2 NEW CID while building snapshot.

Jehan-Guillaume de Rorthais sent in a patch to add functions to walreceiver to
get the timeline.

Heikki Linnakangas sent in a patch to refactor xlogreaderstate callback.

Vigneshwaran C sent in a patch to remove the unused ParsePrepareRecord function.

Peter Eisentraut sent in another revision of a patch to run UTF8-requiring
collation tests by default.

Peter Eisentraut sent in another revision of a patch to use explicit_bzero.

Konstantin Knizhnik sent in four more revisions of a patch to implement a
built-in connection pooler.

John Naylor and Binguo Bao traded patches to de-TOAST using an iterator.

Jeevan Ladhe sent in three revisions of a patch to make have_error
initialization more defensive.

Melanie Plageman sent in another revision of a patch to avoid hash join batch
explosions with extreme skew and weird stats.

Kyotaro HORIGUCHI sent in two more revisions of a patch to add a WAL relief vent
for replication slots.

Richard Guo sent in two more revisions of a patch to execute grouping
sets in parallel.

Bruce Momjian sent in a patch to add a check for initialization vectors, a
precursor to transparent data encryption.

Tomáš Vondra sent in another revision of a patch to rework log sampling so it
has a minimum level.

Ibrar Ahmed sent in two more revisions of a patch to implement PERIODs via
ranges.

Ruijia and David Fetter traded patches to implement CORRESPONDING (BY).

Amit Langote sent in two more revisions of a patch to refactor the layering of
partition routing.

Jeff Davis sent in a patch to make it possible to redact information from the
logs.

Yugo Nagata sent in another revision of a patch to implement incremental
maintenance of materialized views.

Anastasia Lubennikova sent in another revision of a patch to make storing
duplicates more efficient in nbtrees.

Konstantin Knizhnik sent in two more revisions of a patch to implement global
temporary tables.

Ashwin Agrawal sent in two more revisions of a patch to Remove HeapTuple
dependency for predicate locking functions.

Amit Kapila sent in another revision of a patch to clean up orphaned files using
the undo log.

Vigneshwaran C and Andres Freund traded patches to minimize redundant #include
directives.

Michaël Paquier sent in a patch to refactor the code that strips carriage
returns and newlines from strings.

Surafel Temesgen sent in another revision of a patch to implement FETCH FIRST
... PERCENT.

Aleksey Kondratov sent in another revision of a patch to pg_rewind to add
options to use restore_command from the command line or cluster configuration.

John Naylor sent in another revision of a patch to handle UESCAPEs in the
parser.

Konstantin Knizhnik sent in another revision of a patch to implement
auto_prepare.

Vigneshwaran C and Thomas Munro traded patches to use FullTransactionId for two
phase commit, add an SQL type xid8 to expose FullTransactionId to users, and use
same in the pg_prepared_xacts view.

Jeevan Chalke sent in a patch to implement a pg_combinebackup utility for
incremental backups.

Robert Haas sent in another revision of a patch to split uptoaster.c into three
separate files, allow TOAST tables to be implemented using table AMs other than
heap, create an API for inserting and deleting rows in TOAST tables, and rename
the attribute-detoasting functions to reflect the fact that they're no longer
specific to the heap AM.

Julien Rouhaud, Tom Lane, and Nikita Glukhov traded patches to avoid GIN full
scans for empty ALL keys, force GIN recheck more accurately, and avoid GIN full
scan for non-empty ALL keys.

Michaël Paquier sent in a patch to do some further refactoring of
BuildIndexInfo.

Sehrope Sarkuni sent in another revision of a patch to use the American
spellings for "serialize" and "materalize."

Martijn van Oosterhout sent in another revision of a patch to improve the
performance of NOTIFY over many databases.

Jesper Pedersen sent in another revision of a patch to implement index skip
scans.

Ibrar Ahmed sent in another revision of a patch to implement temporal query
processing with range types.

Floris Van Nee sent in a patch to optimize single tuple fetches from nbtree
indexes.

Peter Geoghegan sent in two more revisions of a patch to add a script which
suggests OID ranges for new features.

Ivan Panchenko sent in two revisions of a patch to fix a jsonb_plperl bug.

Chapman Flack sent in another revision of a patch to improve documentation about
our XML functionality.

Tom Lane sent in another revision of a patch to prevent ALTER SYSTEM from making
bad assumptions.

Julien Rouhaud sent in another revision of a patch to surface queryId.

Petr Jelínek sent in a patch to make compression pluggable.

Tom Lane sent in a patch to check ports for Kerberos.

Álvaro Herrera sent in another revision of a patch to fix an issue with default
partition pruning.