Обсуждение: Different results when specifying DEFAULT values through ALTER TABLE

Hi,

I observed the following on PostgreSQL 8.1.3 (on Windows 2000).

(1) alter table invoice add column active boolean default true;

This will add a new column "active" with a default clause as "true" and also sets the value "true" to all existing rows
ofthe table. 

BUT

(2) ALTER TABLE invoice  ADD COLUMN active boolean;
ALTER TABLE invoice  ALTER COLUMN active SET DEFAULT true;

Will result in only adding the column "active" with default clause as "true". It will NOT set the value "true" for
existingrows. 

Is there a particular reason for this difference in behaviour? (Or am I missing something in the syntax?)

Thanks and regards,

-Thusitha Kodikara
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On Wed, 19 Apr 2006, Thusitha Kodikara wrote:

> Hi,
>
> I observed the following on PostgreSQL 8.1.3 (on Windows 2000).
>
> (1) alter table invoice add column active boolean default true;
>
> This will add a new column "active" with a default clause as "true" and
> also sets the value "true" to all existing rows of the table.
>
> BUT
>
> (2) ALTER TABLE invoice  ADD COLUMN active boolean;
> ALTER TABLE invoice  ALTER COLUMN active SET DEFAULT true;
>
> Will result in only adding the column "active" with default clause as
> "true". It will NOT set the value "true" for existing rows.
>
> Is there a particular reason for this difference in behaviour? (Or am I
> missing something in the syntax?)

AFAICS that's what the spec requires (at least in SQL92)

Add column says:
2) Let C be the column added to T. Every value in C is the default
value for C.

So, in the first case, every value in the new column is true.  In the
second, at the point of the add column every value is null (since there's
no default). Set default doesn't appear to change the value of existing
rows, so no further change is made when you set default (ie, it doesn't
matter if something was set to the default in the past, changing the
default doesn't change the value as stored).

On Wed, 19 Apr 2006, Thusitha Kodikara wrote:

> Hi,
>
> I observed the following on PostgreSQL 8.1.3 (on Windows 2000).
>
> (1) alter table invoice add column active boolean default true;
>
> This will add a new column "active" with a default clause as "true" and
> also sets the value "true" to all existing rows of the table.
>
> BUT
>
> (2) ALTER TABLE invoice ADD COLUMN active boolean;
> ALTER TABLE invoice ALTER COLUMN active SET DEFAULT true;
>
> Will result in only adding the column "active" with default clause as
> "true". It will NOT set the value "true" for existing rows.
>
> Is there a particular reason for this difference in behaviour? (Or am I
> missing something in the syntax?)

AFAICS that's what the spec requires (at least in SQL92)

Add column says:
2) Let C be the column added to T. Every value in C is the default
value for C.

So, in the first case, every value in the new column is true. In the
second, at the point of the add column every value is null (since there's
no default). Set default doesn't appear to change the value of existing
rows, so no further change is made when you set default (ie, it doesn't
matter if something was set to the default in the past, changing the
default doesn't change the value as stored).

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