pgsql: Enhance slot synchronization API to respect promotion signal.

Enhance slot synchronization API to respect promotion signal.

Previously, during a promotion, only the slot synchronization worker was
signaled to shut down. The backend executing slot synchronization via the
pg_sync_replication_slots() SQL function was not signaled, allowing it to
complete its synchronization cycle before exiting.

An upcoming patch improves pg_sync_replication_slots() to wait until
replication slots are fully persisted before finishing. This behaviour
requires the backend to exit promptly if a promotion occurs.

This patch ensures that, during promotion, a signal is also sent to the
backend running pg_sync_replication_slots(), allowing it to be interrupted
and exit immediately.

This change was originally committed to master only. However, backpatch
it to v17, where slot synchronization was introduced. Because it is required
for an upcoming bug fix addressing slotsync (including
pg_sync_replication_slots()) blocking promotion when stuck in a wait.

Author: Ajin Cherian <itsajin@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Shveta Malik <shveta.malik@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Li <li.evan.chao@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Amit Kapila <amit.kapila16@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAFPTHDZAA%2BgWDntpa5ucqKKba41%3DtXmoXqN3q4rpjO9cdxgQrw%40mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 17

Branch
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REL_17_STABLE

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/4bed04d39566b788549ad157b32ccca9032bb4a1
Author: Amit Kapila <akapila@postgresql.org>

Modified Files
--------------
src/backend/replication/logical/slotsync.c | 157 ++++++++++++++++++-----------
1 file changed, 99 insertions(+), 58 deletions(-)