pgsql: doc: Document IF NOT EXISTS option for ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ADD C

doc: Document IF NOT EXISTS option for ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ADD COLUMN.

Commit 2cd40adb85d added the IF NOT EXISTS option to ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN.
This also enabled IF NOT EXISTS for ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ADD COLUMN,
but the ALTER FOREIGN TABLE documentation was not updated to mention it.

This commit updates the documentation to describe the IF NOT EXISTS option for
ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ADD COLUMN.

While updating that section, also this commit clarifies that the COLUMN keyword
is optional in ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ADD/DROP COLUMN. Previously, part of
the documentation could be read as if COLUMN were required.

This commit adds regression tests covering these ALTER FOREIGN TABLE syntaxes.

Backpatch to all supported versions.

Suggested-by: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@gmail.com>
Author: Chao Li <lic@highgo.com>
Reviewed-by: Robert Treat <rob@xzilla.net>
Reviewed-by: Fujii Masao <masao.fujii@gmail.com>
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CAHGQGwFk=rrhrwGwPtQxBesbT4DzSZ86Q3ftcwCu3AR5bOiXLw@mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 14

Branch
------
REL_16_STABLE

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/bb9dd2680348827deaa4055cbcfe81ae15b1d152

Modified Files
--------------
doc/src/sgml/ref/alter_foreign_table.sgml  |  8 +++++---
src/test/regress/expected/foreign_data.out | 13 +++++++++++++
src/test/regress/sql/foreign_data.sql      |  7 +++++++
3 files changed, 25 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)