pgsql: pg_verifybackup: Verify tar-format backups.

pg_verifybackup: Verify tar-format backups.

This also works for compressed tar-format backups. However, -n must be
used, because we use pg_waldump to verify WAL, and it doesn't yet know
how to verify WAL that is stored inside of a tarfile.

Amul Sul, reviewed by Sravan Kumar and by me, and revised by me.

Branch
------
master

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/8dfd3129027969fdd2d9d294220c867d2efd84aa

Modified Files
--------------
doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_verifybackup.sgml         |  47 ++-
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/Makefile              |   2 +
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/astreamer_verify.c    | 428 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/meson.build           |   1 +
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/pg_verifybackup.c     | 433 +++++++++++++++++++++++---
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/pg_verifybackup.h     |   7 +
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/t/002_algorithm.pl    |  34 +-
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/t/003_corruption.pl   |  77 ++++-
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/t/004_options.pl      |  17 +
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/t/008_untar.pl        |  71 ++---
src/bin/pg_verifybackup/t/010_client_untar.pl |  48 +--
src/fe_utils/simple_list.c                    |  19 ++
src/include/fe_utils/simple_list.h            |   1 +
src/tools/pgindent/typedefs.list              |   2 +
14 files changed, 1033 insertions(+), 154 deletions(-)