pgsql: Doc: work a little harder on the initial examples for regex matc

Doc: work a little harder on the initial examples for regex matching.

Writing unnecessary '.*' at start and end of a POSIX regex doesn't
do much except confuse the reader about whether that might be
necessary after all.  Make the examples in table 9.16 a tad more
realistic, and try to turn the next group of examples into something
self-contained.

Per gripe from rmzgrimes.  Back-patch to v13 because it's easy.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/161215841824.14653.8969016349304314299@wrigleys.postgresql.org

Branch
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master

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/9522085ac917af66dba29939af328ae67300f10a

Modified Files
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doc/src/sgml/func.sgml | 22 ++++++++++++----------
1 file changed, 12 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)