pgsql: Improve performance of binary COPY FROM through better buffering

Improve performance of binary COPY FROM through better buffering.

At least on Linux and macOS, fread() turns out to have far higher
per-call overhead than one could wish.  Reading 64KB of data at a time
and then parceling it out with our own memcpy logic makes binary COPY
from a file significantly faster --- around 30% in simple testing for
cases with narrow text columns (on Linux ... even more on macOS).

In binary COPY from frontend, there's no per-call fread(), and this
patch introduces an extra layer of memcpy'ing, but it still manages
to eke out a small win.  Apparently, the control-logic overhead in
CopyGetData() is enough to be worth avoiding for small fetches.

Bharath Rupireddy and Amit Langote, reviewed by Vignesh C,
cosmetic tweaks by me

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CALj2ACU5Bz06HWLwqSzNMN=Gupoj6Rcn_QVC+k070V4em9wu=A@mail.gmail.com

Branch
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master

Details
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https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/0a0727ccfc5f4e2926623abe877bdc0b5bfd682e

Modified Files
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src/backend/commands/copy.c | 118 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------
1 file changed, 83 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)