FWIW, the database crashed again tonight. It hasn't been quiet enough yet to be able to restart it in a controlled fashion to enable cores. Hopefully I'll get a chance this weekend!
2017-07-27 23:01:20.411 UTC LOG: worker process: parallel worker for PID 31472 (PID 2186) was terminated by signal 11: Segmentation fault
Since I didn't have statement logging and debug turned on this time, I can only guess which query seg faulted.
Is enabling DEBUG in the postgresql.conf sufficient to enable debug symbols in the core, or do I have to rebuild the postgresql binaries to get that? Is the core of any use without debug symbols enabled?