No, I would not remove those files without making 100% sure they do not belong to that database or any other. Are you sure you are inside database 16384 when you ran those commands? Does a 'stat' on those files line up with the time of the crash? If so, I would stop pg, move the files someplace else, do a pg_dump > /dev/null for another sanity check, then remove those files.
Cheers,
Greg