Re: BUG #18553: Please seriously address the severe issue of database installation failures on Windows 10.

I searched for many solutions, and there are numerous solutions to this problem online, including adding the executable file path to the PATH environment variable, manually creating a postgres user and adding it to the local administrators group, granting full control permissions to the postgres user for the installation directory and data directory, running the installer with postgres privileges, even logging into Windows as the postgres user and then running the installer, uninstalling the old program completely and cleaning the registry before installation, and many other methods. However, they all still resulted in the same error.

I finally solved this problem by using administrator privileges in the command line:
D:\PostgreSQL\bin>initdb.exe -D D:\databases
D:\PostgreSQL\bin>pg_ctl.exe register -N PostgreSQL -D D:\databases