[HACKERS] GnuTLS support

Hi,

I have seen discussions from time to time about OpenSSL and its 
licensing issues so I decided to see how much work it would be to add 
support for another TLS library, and  I went with GnuTLS since it is the 
library I know best after OpenSSL and it is also a reasonably popular 
library.

Attached is a work in progress patch which implements the basics. I send 
it the list because I want feedback on some design questions and to 
check with the community if this is a feature we want.

= What is implemented

- Backend
- Frontend
- Diffie-Hellmann support
- Using GnuTLS for secure random numbers
- Using GnuTLS for sha2

= Work left to do

- Add GnuTLS support to sslinfo
- Add GnuTLS support to pgcrypto
- Support for GnuTLS's version of engines
- Test code with older versions of GnuTLS
- Update documentation
- Add support for all postgresql.conf options (see design question)
- Fix two failing tests (see design question)

= Design questions

== GnuTLS priority strings vs OpenSSL cipher lists

GnuTLS uses a different format for specifying ciphers. Instead of 
setting ciphers, protocol versions, and ECDH curves separately GnuTLS 
instead uses a single priority string[1].

For example the default settings of PostgreSQL (which include disabling 
SSLv3)

ssl_ciphers = 'HIGH:MEDIUM:+3DES:!aNULL' # allowed SSL ciphers
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers = on
ssl_ecdh_curve = 'prime256v1'

is represented with a string similar to

SECURE128:+3DES-CBC:+GROUP-SECP256R1:%SERVER_PRECEDENCE

So the two libraries have decided on different ways to specify things.

One way to solve th issue would be to just let ssl_ciphers be the 
priority string and then add %SERVER_PRECEDENCE to it if 
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers is on. Adding the ssl_ecdh_curve is trickier 
since the curves have different names in GnuTLS (e.g. prime256v1 vs 
SECP256R1) and I would rather avoid having to add such a mapping to 
PostgreSQL. Thoughts?

== Potentially OpenSSL-specific  est cases

There are currently two failing SSL tests which at least to me seems 
more like they test specific OpenSSL behaviors rather than something 
which need to be true for all SSL libraries.

The two tests:

# Try with just the server CA's cert. This fails because the root file
# must contain the whole chain up to the root CA.
note "connect with server CA cert, without root CA";
test_connect_fails("sslrootcert=ssl/server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca");

# A CRL belonging to a different CA is not accepted, fails
test_connect_fails(
"sslrootcert=ssl/root+server_ca.crt sslmode=verify-ca 
sslcrl=ssl/client.crl");

For the missing root CA case GnuTLS seems to be happy enough with just 
an intermediate CA and as far as I can tell this behavior is not easy to 
configure.

And for the CRL belonging to a different CA case GnuTLS can be 
configured to either just store such a non-validating CRL or to ignore 
it, but not to return an error.

Personally I think thee two tests should just be removed but maybe I am 
missing something.

Notes:

1. https://gnutls.org/manual/html_node/Priority-Strings.html

Andreas

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