Re: shared-memory based stats collector

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От Kyotaro HORIGUCHI
Тема Re: shared-memory based stats collector
Дата
Msg-id 20180710.210740.66209890.horiguchi.kyotaro@lab.ntt.co.jp
обсуждение исходный текст
Ответ на Re: shared-memory based stats collector  (Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>)
Ответы Re: shared-memory based stats collector
Re: shared-memory based stats collector
Список pgsql-hackers
Hello. Thanks for the opinions.

At Fri, 6 Jul 2018 13:10:36 -0700, Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de> wrote in
<20180706201036.awheoi6tk556x6aj@alap3.anarazel.de>
> Hi,
> 
> On 2018-07-06 22:03:12 +0200, Magnus Hagander wrote:
> > *If* we can provide the snapshots view of them without too much overhead I
> > think it's worth looking into that while *also* proviiding a lower overhead
> > interface for those that don't care about it.
> 
> I don't see how that's possible without adding significant amounts of
> complexity and probably memory / cpu overhead. The current stats already
> are quite inconsistent (often outdated, partially updated, messages
> dropped when busy) - I don't see what we really gain by building
> something MVCC like in the "new" stats subsystem.
> 
> 
> > If it ends up that keeping the snapshots become too much overhead in either
> > in performance or code-maintenance, then I agree can probably drop that.
> > But we should at least properly investigate the cost.
> 
> I don't think it's worthwhile to more than think a bit about it. There's
> fairly obvious tradeoffs in complexity here. Trying to get there seems
> like a good way to make the feature too big.

Agreed.

Well, if we allow to lose consistency in some extent for improved
performance and smaller footprint, relaxing the consistency of
database stats can reduce footprint further especially on a
cluster with so many databases. Backends are interested only in
the residing database and vacuum doesn't cache stats at all. A
possible problem is vacuum and stats collector can go into a race
condition. I'm not sure but I suppose it is not worse than being
involved in an IO congestion.

regards.

-- 
Kyotaro Horiguchi
NTT Open Source Software Center
From 889237d7381d334df3a35e1fa5350298352fb9fe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horiguchi.kyotaro@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2018 16:41:04 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 1/6] sequential scan for dshash

Add sequential scan feature to dshash.
---
 src/backend/lib/dshash.c | 138 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/include/lib/dshash.h |  23 +++++++-
 2 files changed, 160 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/lib/dshash.c b/src/backend/lib/dshash.c
index b46f7c4cfd..5b133226ac 100644
--- a/src/backend/lib/dshash.c
+++ b/src/backend/lib/dshash.c
@@ -592,6 +592,144 @@ dshash_memhash(const void *v, size_t size, void *arg)
     return tag_hash(v, size);
 }
 
+/*
+ * dshash_seq_init/_next/_term
+ *           Sequentially scan trhough dshash table and return all the
+ *           elements one by one, return NULL when no more.
+ *
+ * dshash_seq_term should be called if and only if the scan is abandoned
+ * before completion; if dshash_seq_next returns NULL then it has already done
+ * the end-of-scan cleanup.
+ *
+ * On returning element, it is locked as is the case with dshash_find.
+ * However, the caller must not release the lock. The lock is released as
+ * necessary in continued scan.
+ *
+ * As opposed to the equivalent for dynanash, the caller is not supposed to
+ * delete the returned element before continuing the scan.
+ *
+ * If consistent is set for dshash_seq_init, the whole hash table is
+ * non-exclusively locked. Otherwise a part of the hash table is locked in the
+ * same mode (partition lock).
+ */
+void
+dshash_seq_init(dshash_seq_status *status, dshash_table *hash_table,
+                bool consistent)
+{
+    status->hash_table = hash_table;
+    status->curbucket = 0;
+    status->nbuckets = ((size_t) 1) << hash_table->control->size_log2;
+    status->curitem = NULL;
+    status->curpartition = -1;
+    status->consistent = consistent;
+
+    /*
+     * Protect all partitions from modification if the caller wants a
+     * consistent result.
+     */
+    if (consistent)
+    {
+        int i;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < DSHASH_NUM_PARTITIONS; ++i)
+        {
+            Assert(!LWLockHeldByMe(PARTITION_LOCK(hash_table, i)));
+
+            LWLockAcquire(PARTITION_LOCK(hash_table, i), LW_SHARED);
+        }
+    }
+    ensure_valid_bucket_pointers(hash_table);
+}
+
+void *
+dshash_seq_next(dshash_seq_status *status)
+{
+    dsa_pointer next_item_pointer;
+
+    if (status->curitem == NULL)
+    {
+        Assert (status->curbucket == 0);
+        Assert(!status->hash_table->find_locked);
+
+        /* first shot. grab the first item. */
+        next_item_pointer = status->hash_table->buckets[status->curbucket];
+        status->hash_table->find_locked = true;
+    }
+    else
+        next_item_pointer = status->curitem->next;
+
+    /* Move to the next bucket if we finished the current bucket */
+    while (!DsaPointerIsValid(next_item_pointer))
+    {
+        if (++status->curbucket >= status->nbuckets)
+        {
+            /* all buckets have been scanned. finsih. */
+            dshash_seq_term(status);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+        Assert(status->hash_table->find_locked);
+
+        next_item_pointer = status->hash_table->buckets[status->curbucket];
+
+        /*
+         * we need a lock on the scanning partition even if the caller don't
+         * requested a consistent snapshot.
+         */
+        if (!status->consistent && DsaPointerIsValid(next_item_pointer))
+        {
+            dshash_table_item  *item = dsa_get_address(status->hash_table->area,
+                                                       next_item_pointer);
+            int next_partition = PARTITION_FOR_HASH(item->hash);
+            if (status->curpartition != next_partition)
+            {
+                if (status->curpartition >= 0)
+                    LWLockRelease(PARTITION_LOCK(status->hash_table,
+                                                 status->curpartition));
+                LWLockAcquire(PARTITION_LOCK(status->hash_table,
+                                             next_partition),
+                              LW_SHARED);
+                status->curpartition = next_partition;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    status->curitem =
+        dsa_get_address(status->hash_table->area, next_item_pointer);
+    return ENTRY_FROM_ITEM(status->curitem);
+}
+
+void
+dshash_seq_term(dshash_seq_status *status)
+{
+    Assert(status->hash_table->find_locked);
+    status->hash_table->find_locked = false;
+
+    if (status->consistent)
+    {
+        int i;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < DSHASH_NUM_PARTITIONS; ++i)
+            LWLockRelease(PARTITION_LOCK(status->hash_table, i));
+    }
+    else if (status->curpartition >= 0)
+        LWLockRelease(PARTITION_LOCK(status->hash_table, status->curpartition));
+}
+
+int
+dshash_get_num_entries(dshash_table *hash_table)
+{
+    /* a shotcut implement. should be improved  */
+    dshash_seq_status s;
+    void *p;
+    int n = 0;
+
+    dshash_seq_init(&s, hash_table, false);
+    while ((p = dshash_seq_next(&s)) != NULL)
+        n++;
+
+    return n;
+}
+
 /*
  * Print debugging information about the internal state of the hash table to
  * stderr.  The caller must hold no partition locks.
diff --git a/src/include/lib/dshash.h b/src/include/lib/dshash.h
index 8c733bfe25..8598d9ed84 100644
--- a/src/include/lib/dshash.h
+++ b/src/include/lib/dshash.h
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #define DSHASH_H
 
 #include "utils/dsa.h"
+#include "utils/hsearch.h"
 
 /* The opaque type representing a hash table. */
 struct dshash_table;
@@ -59,6 +60,21 @@ typedef struct dshash_parameters
 struct dshash_table_item;
 typedef struct dshash_table_item dshash_table_item;
 
+/*
+ * Sequential scan state of dshash. The detail is exposed since the storage
+ * size should be known to users but it should be considered as an opaque
+ * type by callers.
+ */
+typedef struct dshash_seq_status
+{
+    dshash_table       *hash_table;
+    int                    curbucket;
+    int                    nbuckets;
+    dshash_table_item  *curitem;
+    int                    curpartition;
+    bool                consistent;
+} dshash_seq_status;
+
 /* Creating, sharing and destroying from hash tables. */
 extern dshash_table *dshash_create(dsa_area *area,
               const dshash_parameters *params,
@@ -70,7 +86,6 @@ extern dshash_table *dshash_attach(dsa_area *area,
 extern void dshash_detach(dshash_table *hash_table);
 extern dshash_table_handle dshash_get_hash_table_handle(dshash_table *hash_table);
 extern void dshash_destroy(dshash_table *hash_table);
-
 /* Finding, creating, deleting entries. */
 extern void *dshash_find(dshash_table *hash_table,
             const void *key, bool exclusive);
@@ -80,6 +95,12 @@ extern bool dshash_delete_key(dshash_table *hash_table, const void *key);
 extern void dshash_delete_entry(dshash_table *hash_table, void *entry);
 extern void dshash_release_lock(dshash_table *hash_table, void *entry);
 
+/* seq scan support */
+extern void dshash_seq_init(dshash_seq_status *status, dshash_table *hash_table,
+                            bool exclusive);
+extern void *dshash_seq_next(dshash_seq_status *status);
+extern void dshash_seq_term(dshash_seq_status *status);
+extern int dshash_get_num_entries(dshash_table *hash_table);
 /* Convenience hash and compare functions wrapping memcmp and tag_hash. */
 extern int    dshash_memcmp(const void *a, const void *b, size_t size, void *arg);
 extern dshash_hash dshash_memhash(const void *v, size_t size, void *arg);
-- 
2.16.3

From f1b7c2524e4fb86437411190594d858f6e2fc45b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horiguchi.kyotaro@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2018 16:58:32 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 2/6] Change stats collector to an axiliary process.

Shared memory and LWLocks are required to let stats collector use
dshash. This patch makes stats collector an auxiliary process.
---
 src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c   |   8 ++
 src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c     | 158 +++++++++++-------------------------
 src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c |  30 +++----
 src/include/miscadmin.h             |   3 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                |  11 ++-
 5 files changed, 77 insertions(+), 133 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c b/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
index 7e34bee63e..8f8327495a 100644
--- a/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
+++ b/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
@@ -335,6 +335,9 @@ AuxiliaryProcessMain(int argc, char *argv[])
             case WalReceiverProcess:
                 statmsg = pgstat_get_backend_desc(B_WAL_RECEIVER);
                 break;
+            case StatsCollectorProcess:
+                statmsg = pgstat_get_backend_desc(B_STATS_COLLECTOR);
+                break;
             default:
                 statmsg = "??? process";
                 break;
@@ -462,6 +465,11 @@ AuxiliaryProcessMain(int argc, char *argv[])
             WalReceiverMain();
             proc_exit(1);        /* should never return */
 
+        case StatsCollectorProcess:
+            /* don't set signals, stats collector has its own agenda */
+            PgstatCollectorMain();
+            proc_exit(1);        /* should never return */
+
         default:
             elog(PANIC, "unrecognized process type: %d", (int) MyAuxProcType);
             proc_exit(1);
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
index bbe73618c7..3193178f32 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
@@ -267,6 +267,7 @@ static List *pending_write_requests = NIL;
 /* Signal handler flags */
 static volatile bool need_exit = false;
 static volatile bool got_SIGHUP = false;
+static volatile bool got_SIGTERM = false;
 
 /*
  * Total time charged to functions so far in the current backend.
@@ -284,8 +285,8 @@ static instr_time total_func_time;
 static pid_t pgstat_forkexec(void);
 #endif
 
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
-static void pgstat_exit(SIGNAL_ARGS);
+static void pgstat_shutdown_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS);
+static void pgstat_quickdie_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS);
 static void pgstat_beshutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg);
 static void pgstat_sighup_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS);
 
@@ -688,104 +689,6 @@ pgstat_reset_all(void)
     pgstat_reset_remove_files(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY);
 }
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-
-/*
- * pgstat_forkexec() -
- *
- * Format up the arglist for, then fork and exec, statistics collector process
- */
-static pid_t
-pgstat_forkexec(void)
-{
-    char       *av[10];
-    int            ac = 0;
-
-    av[ac++] = "postgres";
-    av[ac++] = "--forkcol";
-    av[ac++] = NULL;            /* filled in by postmaster_forkexec */
-
-    av[ac] = NULL;
-    Assert(ac < lengthof(av));
-
-    return postmaster_forkexec(ac, av);
-}
-#endif                            /* EXEC_BACKEND */
-
-
-/*
- * pgstat_start() -
- *
- *    Called from postmaster at startup or after an existing collector
- *    died.  Attempt to fire up a fresh statistics collector.
- *
- *    Returns PID of child process, or 0 if fail.
- *
- *    Note: if fail, we will be called again from the postmaster main loop.
- */
-int
-pgstat_start(void)
-{
-    time_t        curtime;
-    pid_t        pgStatPid;
-
-    /*
-     * Check that the socket is there, else pgstat_init failed and we can do
-     * nothing useful.
-     */
-    if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
-        return 0;
-
-    /*
-     * Do nothing if too soon since last collector start.  This is a safety
-     * valve to protect against continuous respawn attempts if the collector
-     * is dying immediately at launch.  Note that since we will be re-called
-     * from the postmaster main loop, we will get another chance later.
-     */
-    curtime = time(NULL);
-    if ((unsigned int) (curtime - last_pgstat_start_time) <
-        (unsigned int) PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL)
-        return 0;
-    last_pgstat_start_time = curtime;
-
-    /*
-     * Okay, fork off the collector.
-     */
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-    switch ((pgStatPid = pgstat_forkexec()))
-#else
-    switch ((pgStatPid = fork_process()))
-#endif
-    {
-        case -1:
-            ereport(LOG,
-                    (errmsg("could not fork statistics collector: %m")));
-            return 0;
-
-#ifndef EXEC_BACKEND
-        case 0:
-            /* in postmaster child ... */
-            InitPostmasterChild();
-
-            /* Close the postmaster's sockets */
-            ClosePostmasterPorts(false);
-
-            /* Drop our connection to postmaster's shared memory, as well */
-            dsm_detach_all();
-            PGSharedMemoryDetach();
-
-            PgstatCollectorMain(0, NULL);
-            break;
-#endif
-
-        default:
-            return (int) pgStatPid;
-    }
-
-    /* shouldn't get here */
-    return 0;
-}
-
 void
 allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void)
 {
@@ -2870,6 +2773,9 @@ pgstat_bestart(void)
             case WalReceiverProcess:
                 beentry->st_backendType = B_WAL_RECEIVER;
                 break;
+            case StatsCollectorProcess:
+                beentry->st_backendType = B_STATS_COLLECTOR;
+                break;
             default:
                 elog(FATAL, "unrecognized process type: %d",
                      (int) MyAuxProcType);
@@ -4135,6 +4041,9 @@ pgstat_get_backend_desc(BackendType backendType)
         case B_WAL_WRITER:
             backendDesc = "walwriter";
             break;
+        case B_STATS_COLLECTOR:
+            backendDesc = "stats collector";
+            break;
     }
 
     return backendDesc;
@@ -4252,8 +4161,8 @@ pgstat_send_bgwriter(void)
  *    The argc/argv parameters are valid only in EXEC_BACKEND case.
  * ----------
  */
-NON_EXEC_STATIC void
-PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[])
+void
+PgstatCollectorMain(void)
 {
     int            len;
     PgStat_Msg    msg;
@@ -4266,8 +4175,8 @@ PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[])
      */
     pqsignal(SIGHUP, pgstat_sighup_handler);
     pqsignal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
-    pqsignal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
-    pqsignal(SIGQUIT, pgstat_exit);
+    pqsignal(SIGTERM, pgstat_shutdown_handler);
+    pqsignal(SIGQUIT, pgstat_quickdie_handler);
     pqsignal(SIGALRM, SIG_IGN);
     pqsignal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
     pqsignal(SIGUSR1, SIG_IGN);
@@ -4312,14 +4221,14 @@ PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[])
         /*
          * Quit if we get SIGQUIT from the postmaster.
          */
-        if (need_exit)
+        if (got_SIGTERM)
             break;
 
         /*
          * Inner loop iterates as long as we keep getting messages, or until
          * need_exit becomes set.
          */
-        while (!need_exit)
+        while (!got_SIGTERM)
         {
             /*
              * Reload configuration if we got SIGHUP from the postmaster.
@@ -4507,14 +4416,29 @@ PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 
 /* SIGQUIT signal handler for collector process */
 static void
-pgstat_exit(SIGNAL_ARGS)
+pgstat_quickdie_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 {
-    int            save_errno = errno;
+    PG_SETMASK(&BlockSig);
 
-    need_exit = true;
-    SetLatch(MyLatch);
+    /*
+     * We DO NOT want to run proc_exit() callbacks -- we're here because
+     * shared memory may be corrupted, so we don't want to try to clean up our
+     * transaction.  Just nail the windows shut and get out of town.  Now that
+     * there's an atexit callback to prevent third-party code from breaking
+     * things by calling exit() directly, we have to reset the callbacks
+     * explicitly to make this work as intended.
+     */
+    on_exit_reset();
 
-    errno = save_errno;
+    /*
+     * Note we do exit(2) not exit(0).  This is to force the postmaster into a
+     * system reset cycle if some idiot DBA sends a manual SIGQUIT to a random
+     * backend.  This is necessary precisely because we don't clean up our
+     * shared memory state.  (The "dead man switch" mechanism in pmsignal.c
+     * should ensure the postmaster sees this as a crash, too, but no harm in
+     * being doubly sure.)
+     */
+    exit(2);
 }
 
 /* SIGHUP handler for collector process */
@@ -4529,6 +4453,18 @@ pgstat_sighup_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
     errno = save_errno;
 }
 
+static void
+pgstat_shutdown_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
+{
+    int save_errno = errno;
+
+    got_SIGTERM = true;
+
+    SetLatch(MyLatch);
+
+    errno = save_errno;
+}
+
 /*
  * Subroutine to clear stats in a database entry
  *
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
index a4b53b33cd..a37a18696e 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
@@ -145,7 +145,8 @@
 #define BACKEND_TYPE_AUTOVAC    0x0002    /* autovacuum worker process */
 #define BACKEND_TYPE_WALSND        0x0004    /* walsender process */
 #define BACKEND_TYPE_BGWORKER    0x0008    /* bgworker process */
-#define BACKEND_TYPE_ALL        0x000F    /* OR of all the above */
+#define BACKEND_TYPE_STATS        0x0010    /* bgworker process */
+#define BACKEND_TYPE_ALL        0x001F    /* OR of all the above */
 
 #define BACKEND_TYPE_WORKER        (BACKEND_TYPE_AUTOVAC | BACKEND_TYPE_BGWORKER)
 
@@ -551,6 +552,7 @@ static void ShmemBackendArrayRemove(Backend *bn);
 #define StartCheckpointer()        StartChildProcess(CheckpointerProcess)
 #define StartWalWriter()        StartChildProcess(WalWriterProcess)
 #define StartWalReceiver()        StartChildProcess(WalReceiverProcess)
+#define StartStatsCollector()    StartChildProcess(StatsCollectorProcess)
 
 /* Macros to check exit status of a child process */
 #define EXIT_STATUS_0(st)  ((st) == 0)
@@ -1760,7 +1762,7 @@ ServerLoop(void)
         /* If we have lost the stats collector, try to start a new one */
         if (PgStatPID == 0 &&
             (pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY))
-            PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
+            PgStatPID = StartStatsCollector();
 
         /* If we have lost the archiver, try to start a new one. */
         if (PgArchPID == 0 && PgArchStartupAllowed())
@@ -2878,7 +2880,7 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
             if (PgArchStartupAllowed() && PgArchPID == 0)
                 PgArchPID = pgarch_start();
             if (PgStatPID == 0)
-                PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
+                PgStatPID = StartStatsCollector();
 
             /* workers may be scheduled to start now */
             maybe_start_bgworkers();
@@ -2951,7 +2953,7 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
                  * nothing left for it to do.
                  */
                 if (PgStatPID != 0)
-                    signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
+                    signal_child(PgStatPID, SIGTERM);
             }
             else
             {
@@ -3037,10 +3039,10 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
         {
             PgStatPID = 0;
             if (!EXIT_STATUS_0(exitstatus))
-                LogChildExit(LOG, _("statistics collector process"),
-                             pid, exitstatus);
+                HandleChildCrash(pid, exitstatus,
+                                 _("statistics collector process"));
             if (pmState == PM_RUN || pmState == PM_HOT_STANDBY)
-                PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
+                PgStatPID = StartStatsCollector();
             continue;
         }
 
@@ -3270,7 +3272,7 @@ CleanupBackend(int pid,
 
 /*
  * HandleChildCrash -- cleanup after failed backend, bgwriter, checkpointer,
- * walwriter, autovacuum, or background worker.
+ * walwriter, autovacuum, stats collector or background worker.
  *
  * The objectives here are to clean up our local state about the child
  * process, and to signal all other remaining children to quickdie.
@@ -4949,12 +4951,6 @@ SubPostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
 
         PgArchiverMain(argc, argv); /* does not return */
     }
-    if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forkcol") == 0)
-    {
-        /* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
-
-        PgstatCollectorMain(argc, argv);    /* does not return */
-    }
     if (strcmp(argv[1], "--forklog") == 0)
     {
         /* Do not want to attach to shared memory */
@@ -5071,7 +5067,7 @@ sigusr1_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
          * Likewise, start other special children as needed.
          */
         Assert(PgStatPID == 0);
-        PgStatPID = pgstat_start();
+        PgStatPID = StartStatsCollector();
 
         ereport(LOG,
                 (errmsg("database system is ready to accept read only connections")));
@@ -5361,6 +5357,10 @@ StartChildProcess(AuxProcType type)
                 ereport(LOG,
                         (errmsg("could not fork WAL receiver process: %m")));
                 break;
+            case StatsCollectorProcess:
+                ereport(LOG,
+                        (errmsg("could not fork stats collector process: %m")));
+                break;
             default:
                 ereport(LOG,
                         (errmsg("could not fork process: %m")));
diff --git a/src/include/miscadmin.h b/src/include/miscadmin.h
index e167ee8fcb..53b260cb1f 100644
--- a/src/include/miscadmin.h
+++ b/src/include/miscadmin.h
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ typedef enum
     CheckpointerProcess,
     WalWriterProcess,
     WalReceiverProcess,
-
+    StatsCollectorProcess,
     NUM_AUXPROCTYPES            /* Must be last! */
 } AuxProcType;
 
@@ -412,6 +412,7 @@ extern AuxProcType MyAuxProcType;
 #define AmCheckpointerProcess()        (MyAuxProcType == CheckpointerProcess)
 #define AmWalWriterProcess()        (MyAuxProcType == WalWriterProcess)
 #define AmWalReceiverProcess()        (MyAuxProcType == WalReceiverProcess)
+#define AmStatsCollectorProcess()    (MyAuxProcType == StatsCollectorProcess)
 
 
 /*****************************************************************************
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index d59c24ae23..e97b25bd72 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -710,7 +710,8 @@ typedef enum BackendType
     B_STARTUP,
     B_WAL_RECEIVER,
     B_WAL_SENDER,
-    B_WAL_WRITER
+    B_WAL_WRITER,
+    B_STATS_COLLECTOR
 } BackendType;
 
 
@@ -1160,11 +1161,6 @@ extern int    pgstat_start(void);
 extern void pgstat_reset_all(void);
 extern void allow_immediate_pgstat_restart(void);
 
-#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
-extern void PgstatCollectorMain(int argc, char *argv[]) pg_attribute_noreturn();
-#endif
-
-
 /* ----------
  * Functions called from backends
  * ----------
@@ -1353,4 +1349,7 @@ extern int    pgstat_fetch_stat_numbackends(void);
 extern PgStat_ArchiverStats *pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void);
 extern PgStat_GlobalStats *pgstat_fetch_global(void);
 
+/* Main loop */
+extern void PgstatCollectorMain(void) pg_attribute_noreturn();
+
 #endif                            /* PGSTAT_H */
-- 
2.16.3

From f962c7de80d68796c0cfa96ff1dd33bde5efa36f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horiguchi.kyotaro@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2018 17:05:46 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 3/6] dshash-based stats collector

Stats collector no longer uses files to distribute stats numbers. They
are now stored in dynamic shared hash. The stats entries are cached
one by one to give a consistent snapshot during a transaction. On the
other hand vacuum no longer take a complete cache of stats.

This patch removes PG_STAT_TMP_DIR and GUC stats_temp_directory.  That
affects pg_basebackup and pg_stat_statements but this patch fixes only
pg_basbackup. Fix for pg_stat_statements is done in another patch.
---
 src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c           |   59 +-
 src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c               | 1566 ++++++++++++-------------
 src/backend/replication/basebackup.c          |   36 -
 src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c                |    2 +
 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c             |    3 +
 src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt      |    1 +
 src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c                  |   41 -
 src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample |    1 -
 src/bin/initdb/initdb.c                       |    1 -
 src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl  |    2 +-
 src/include/pgstat.h                          |   50 +-
 src/include/storage/lwlock.h                  |    3 +
 12 files changed, 836 insertions(+), 929 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
index 02e6d8131e..87a2ffc20f 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/autovacuum.c
@@ -981,7 +981,7 @@ rebuild_database_list(Oid newdb)
         PgStat_StatDBEntry *entry;
 
         /* only consider this database if it has a pgstat entry */
-        entry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(newdb);
+        entry = backend_get_db_entry(newdb, true);
         if (entry != NULL)
         {
             /* we assume it isn't found because the hash was just created */
@@ -990,6 +990,7 @@ rebuild_database_list(Oid newdb)
             /* hash_search already filled in the key */
             db->adl_score = score++;
             /* next_worker is filled in later */
+            pfree(entry);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1005,7 +1006,7 @@ rebuild_database_list(Oid newdb)
          * skip databases with no stat entries -- in particular, this gets rid
          * of dropped databases
          */
-        entry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(avdb->adl_datid);
+        entry = backend_get_db_entry(avdb->adl_datid, true);
         if (entry == NULL)
             continue;
 
@@ -1017,6 +1018,7 @@ rebuild_database_list(Oid newdb)
             db->adl_score = score++;
             /* next_worker is filled in later */
         }
+        pfree(entry);
     }
 
     /* finally, insert all qualifying databases not previously inserted */
@@ -1029,7 +1031,7 @@ rebuild_database_list(Oid newdb)
         PgStat_StatDBEntry *entry;
 
         /* only consider databases with a pgstat entry */
-        entry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(avdb->adw_datid);
+        entry = backend_get_db_entry(avdb->adw_datid, true);
         if (entry == NULL)
             continue;
 
@@ -1041,6 +1043,7 @@ rebuild_database_list(Oid newdb)
             db->adl_score = score++;
             /* next_worker is filled in later */
         }
+        pfree(entry);
     }
     nelems = score;
 
@@ -1239,7 +1242,7 @@ do_start_worker(void)
             continue;            /* ignore not-at-risk DBs */
 
         /* Find pgstat entry if any */
-        tmp->adw_entry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(tmp->adw_datid);
+        tmp->adw_entry = backend_get_db_entry(tmp->adw_datid, true);
 
         /*
          * Skip a database with no pgstat entry; it means it hasn't seen any
@@ -1277,16 +1280,22 @@ do_start_worker(void)
                 break;
             }
         }
-        if (skipit)
-            continue;
+        if (!skipit)
+        {
+            /* Remember the db with oldest autovac time. */
+            if (avdb == NULL ||
+                tmp->adw_entry->last_autovac_time <
+                avdb->adw_entry->last_autovac_time)
+            {
+                if (avdb)
+                    pfree(avdb->adw_entry);
+                avdb = tmp;
+            }
+        }
 
-        /*
-         * Remember the db with oldest autovac time.  (If we are here, both
-         * tmp->entry and db->entry must be non-null.)
-         */
-        if (avdb == NULL ||
-            tmp->adw_entry->last_autovac_time < avdb->adw_entry->last_autovac_time)
-            avdb = tmp;
+        /* Immediately free it if not used */
+        if(avdb != tmp)
+            pfree(tmp->adw_entry);
     }
 
     /* Found a database -- process it */
@@ -1975,7 +1984,7 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
      * may be NULL if we couldn't find an entry (only happens if we are
      * forcing a vacuum for anti-wrap purposes).
      */
-    dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
+    dbentry = backend_get_db_entry(MyDatabaseId, true);
 
     /* Start a transaction so our commands have one to play into. */
     StartTransactionCommand();
@@ -2025,7 +2034,7 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
     MemoryContextSwitchTo(AutovacMemCxt);
 
     /* The database hash where pgstat keeps shared relations */
-    shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
+    shared = backend_get_db_entry(InvalidOid, true);
 
     classRel = heap_open(RelationRelationId, AccessShareLock);
 
@@ -2114,6 +2123,8 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
         relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
                                   effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
                                   &dovacuum, &doanalyze, &wraparound);
+        if (tabentry)
+            pfree(tabentry);
 
         /* Relations that need work are added to table_oids */
         if (dovacuum || doanalyze)
@@ -2193,10 +2204,11 @@ do_autovacuum(void)
         /* Fetch the pgstat entry for this table */
         tabentry = get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(relid, classForm->relisshared,
                                              shared, dbentry);
-
         relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, relopts, classForm, tabentry,
                                   effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
                                   &dovacuum, &doanalyze, &wraparound);
+        if (tabentry)
+            pfree(tabentry);
 
         /* ignore analyze for toast tables */
         if (dovacuum)
@@ -2768,12 +2780,10 @@ get_pgstat_tabentry_relid(Oid relid, bool isshared, PgStat_StatDBEntry *shared,
     if (isshared)
     {
         if (PointerIsValid(shared))
-            tabentry = hash_search(shared->tables, &relid,
-                                   HASH_FIND, NULL);
+            tabentry = backend_get_tab_entry(shared, relid, true);
     }
     else if (PointerIsValid(dbentry))
-        tabentry = hash_search(dbentry->tables, &relid,
-                               HASH_FIND, NULL);
+        tabentry = backend_get_tab_entry(dbentry, relid, true);
 
     return tabentry;
 }
@@ -2805,8 +2815,8 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
     /* use fresh stats */
     autovac_refresh_stats();
 
-    shared = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(InvalidOid);
-    dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
+    shared = backend_get_db_entry(InvalidOid, true);
+    dbentry = backend_get_db_entry(MyDatabaseId, true);
 
     /* fetch the relation's relcache entry */
     classTup = SearchSysCacheCopy1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(relid));
@@ -2837,6 +2847,8 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
     relation_needs_vacanalyze(relid, avopts, classForm, tabentry,
                               effective_multixact_freeze_max_age,
                               &dovacuum, &doanalyze, &wraparound);
+    if (tabentry)
+        pfree(tabentry);
 
     /* ignore ANALYZE for toast tables */
     if (classForm->relkind == RELKIND_TOASTVALUE)
@@ -2927,7 +2939,8 @@ table_recheck_autovac(Oid relid, HTAB *table_toast_map,
     }
 
     heap_freetuple(classTup);
-
+    pfree(shared);
+    pfree(dbentry);
     return tab;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
index 3193178f32..93ffdfe5aa 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/pgstat.c
@@ -77,22 +77,10 @@
 #define PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL    500 /* Minimum time between stats file
                                      * updates; in milliseconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY        10    /* How long to wait between checks for a
-                                     * new file; in milliseconds. */
-
-#define PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME    10000    /* Maximum time to wait for a stats
-                                         * file update; in milliseconds. */
-
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL        640 /* How often to ping the collector for a
-                                     * new file; in milliseconds. */
-
 #define PGSTAT_RESTART_INTERVAL 60    /* How often to attempt to restart a
                                      * failed statistics collector; in
                                      * seconds. */
 
-#define PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT    (PGSTAT_MAX_WAIT_TIME / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
-#define PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT    (PGSTAT_INQ_INTERVAL / PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY)
-
 /* Minimum receive buffer size for the collector's socket. */
 #define PGSTAT_MIN_RCVBUF        (100 * 1024)
 
@@ -101,7 +89,6 @@
  * The initial size hints for the hash tables used in the collector.
  * ----------
  */
-#define PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE        16
 #define PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE    512
 #define PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE    512
 
@@ -127,14 +114,6 @@ bool        pgstat_track_counts = false;
 int            pgstat_track_functions = TRACK_FUNC_OFF;
 int            pgstat_track_activity_query_size = 1024;
 
-/* ----------
- * Built from GUC parameter
- * ----------
- */
-char       *pgstat_stat_directory = NULL;
-char       *pgstat_stat_filename = NULL;
-char       *pgstat_stat_tmpname = NULL;
-
 /*
  * BgWriter global statistics counters (unused in other processes).
  * Stored directly in a stats message structure so it can be sent
@@ -154,6 +133,43 @@ static time_t last_pgstat_start_time;
 
 static bool pgStatRunningInCollector = false;
 
+/* Shared stats bootstrap infomation */
+typedef struct StatsShmemStruct {
+    dsa_handle stats_dsa_handle;
+    dshash_table_handle db_stats_handle;
+    dsa_pointer    global_stats;
+    dsa_pointer    archiver_stats;
+} StatsShmemStruct;
+
+static StatsShmemStruct * StatsShmem = NULL;
+static dsa_area *area = NULL;
+static dshash_table *db_stats;
+static HTAB *snapshot_db_stats;
+static MemoryContext stats_cxt;
+
+/* dshash parameter for each type of table */
+static const dshash_parameters dsh_dbparams = {
+    sizeof(Oid),
+    sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry),
+    dshash_memcmp,
+    dshash_memhash,
+    LWTRANCHE_STATS_DB
+};
+static const dshash_parameters dsh_tblparams = {
+    sizeof(Oid),
+    sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry),
+    dshash_memcmp,
+    dshash_memhash,
+    LWTRANCHE_STATS_FUNC_TABLE
+};
+static const dshash_parameters dsh_funcparams = {
+    sizeof(Oid),
+    sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry),
+    dshash_memcmp,
+    dshash_memhash,
+    LWTRANCHE_STATS_FUNC_TABLE
+};
+
 /*
  * Structures in which backends store per-table info that's waiting to be
  * sent to the collector.
@@ -250,12 +266,16 @@ static LocalPgBackendStatus *localBackendStatusTable = NULL;
 static int    localNumBackends = 0;
 
 /*
- * Cluster wide statistics, kept in the stats collector.
- * Contains statistics that are not collected per database
- * or per table.
+ * Cluster wide statistics.
+ * Contains statistics that are not collected per database or per table.
+ * shared_* are the statistics maintained by pgstats and snapshot_* are the
+ * snapshots taken on backends.
  */
-static PgStat_ArchiverStats archiverStats;
-static PgStat_GlobalStats globalStats;
+static PgStat_ArchiverStats *shared_archiverStats;
+static PgStat_ArchiverStats *snapshot_archiverStats;
+static PgStat_GlobalStats *shared_globalStats;
+static PgStat_GlobalStats *snapshot_globalStats;
+
 
 /*
  * List of OIDs of databases we need to write out.  If an entry is InvalidOid,
@@ -285,23 +305,23 @@ static instr_time total_func_time;
 static pid_t pgstat_forkexec(void);
 #endif
 
+/* functions used in stats collector */
 static void pgstat_shutdown_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS);
 static void pgstat_quickdie_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS);
 static void pgstat_beshutdown_hook(int code, Datum arg);
 static void pgstat_sighup_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS);
 
 static PgStat_StatDBEntry *pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create);
-static PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry,
-                     Oid tableoid, bool create);
-static void pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs);
-static void pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent);
-static HTAB *pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep);
-static void pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash, bool permanent);
-static void backend_read_statsfile(void);
-static void pgstat_read_current_status(void);
+static PgStat_StatTabEntry *pgstat_get_tab_entry(dshash_table *table, Oid tableoid, bool create);
+static void pgstat_write_statsfiles(void);
+static void pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry);
+static void pgstat_read_statsfiles(void);
+static void pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, dshash_table *tabhash, dshash_table *funchash);
 
-static bool pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void);
-static bool pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid);
+/* functions used in backends */
+static bool backend_snapshot_global_stats(void);
+static PgStat_StatFuncEntry *backend_get_func_etnry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent, Oid funcid, bool oneshot);
+static void pgstat_read_current_status(void);
 
 static void pgstat_send_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *tsmsg);
 static void pgstat_send_funcstats(void);
@@ -320,7 +340,6 @@ static const char *pgstat_get_wait_io(WaitEventIO w);
 static void pgstat_setheader(PgStat_MsgHdr *hdr, StatMsgType mtype);
 static void pgstat_send(void *msg, int len);
 
-static void pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len);
 static void pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len);
 static void pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len);
 static void pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len);
@@ -685,7 +704,6 @@ pgstat_reset_remove_files(const char *directory)
 void
 pgstat_reset_all(void)
 {
-    pgstat_reset_remove_files(pgstat_stat_directory);
     pgstat_reset_remove_files(PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY);
 }
 
@@ -915,6 +933,81 @@ pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
 }
 
 
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_attach_shared_stats() -
+ *
+ *    attach existing shared stats memory
+ * ----------
+ */
+static bool
+pgstat_attach_shared_stats(void)
+{
+    MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
+    LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+    if (StatsShmem->stats_dsa_handle == DSM_HANDLE_INVALID || area != NULL)
+    {
+        LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+        return area != NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* top level varialbles. lives for the lifetime of the process */
+    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
+    area = dsa_attach(StatsShmem->stats_dsa_handle);
+    dsa_pin_mapping(area);
+    db_stats = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_dbparams,
+                             StatsShmem->db_stats_handle, 0);
+    snapshot_db_stats = NULL;
+    shared_globalStats = (PgStat_GlobalStats *)
+        dsa_get_address(area, StatsShmem->global_stats);
+    shared_archiverStats =    (PgStat_ArchiverStats *)
+        dsa_get_address(area, StatsShmem->archiver_stats);
+    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+    LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * pgstat_create_shared_stats() -
+ *
+ *    create shared stats memory
+ * ----------
+ */
+static void
+pgstat_create_shared_stats(void)
+{
+    MemoryContext oldcontext;
+
+    LWLockAcquire(StatsLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+    Assert(StatsShmem->stats_dsa_handle == DSM_HANDLE_INVALID);
+
+    /* lives for the lifetime of the process */
+    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
+    area = dsa_create(LWTRANCHE_STATS_DSA);
+    dsa_pin_mapping(area);
+
+    db_stats = dshash_create(area, &dsh_dbparams, 0);
+
+    /* create shared area and write bootstrap information */
+    StatsShmem->stats_dsa_handle = dsa_get_handle(area);
+    StatsShmem->global_stats =
+        dsa_allocate0(area, sizeof(PgStat_GlobalStats));
+    StatsShmem->archiver_stats =
+        dsa_allocate0(area, sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats));
+    StatsShmem->db_stats_handle =
+        dshash_get_hash_table_handle(db_stats);
+
+    /* connect to the memory */
+    snapshot_db_stats = NULL;
+    shared_globalStats = (PgStat_GlobalStats *)
+        dsa_get_address(area, StatsShmem->global_stats);
+    shared_archiverStats = (PgStat_ArchiverStats *)
+        dsa_get_address(area, StatsShmem->archiver_stats);
+    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+    LWLockRelease(StatsLock);
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_vacuum_stat() -
  *
@@ -924,10 +1017,11 @@ pgstat_send_funcstats(void)
 void
 pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
 {
-    HTAB       *htab;
+    HTAB       *oidtab;
     PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg;
     PgStat_MsgFuncpurge f_msg;
-    HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
+    dshash_table *dshtable;
+    dshash_seq_status dshstat;
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
     PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
@@ -936,23 +1030,22 @@ pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
     if (pgStatSock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
         return;
 
-    /*
-     * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-     * file into some hash tables.
-     */
-    backend_read_statsfile();
+    /* If not done for this transaction, take a snapshot of stats */
+    if (!backend_snapshot_global_stats())
+        return;
 
     /*
      * Read pg_database and make a list of OIDs of all existing databases
      */
-    htab = pgstat_collect_oids(DatabaseRelationId);
+    oidtab = pgstat_collect_oids(DatabaseRelationId);
 
     /*
      * Search the database hash table for dead databases and tell the
      * collector to drop them.
      */
-    hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-    while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
+
+    dshash_seq_init(&dshstat, db_stats, true);
+    while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) dshash_seq_next(&dshstat)) != NULL)
     {
         Oid            dbid = dbentry->databaseid;
 
@@ -960,26 +1053,24 @@ pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
 
         /* the DB entry for shared tables (with InvalidOid) is never dropped */
         if (OidIsValid(dbid) &&
-            hash_search(htab, (void *) &dbid, HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
+            hash_search(oidtab, (void *) &dbid, HASH_FIND, NULL) == NULL)
             pgstat_drop_database(dbid);
     }
 
     /* Clean up */
-    hash_destroy(htab);
+    hash_destroy(oidtab);
 
     /*
      * Lookup our own database entry; if not found, nothing more to do.
      */
-    dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-                                                 (void *) &MyDatabaseId,
-                                                 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-    if (dbentry == NULL || dbentry->tables == NULL)
+    dbentry = backend_get_db_entry(MyDatabaseId, true);
+    if (dbentry == NULL)
         return;
-
+    
     /*
      * Similarly to above, make a list of all known relations in this DB.
      */
-    htab = pgstat_collect_oids(RelationRelationId);
+    oidtab = pgstat_collect_oids(RelationRelationId);
 
     /*
      * Initialize our messages table counter to zero
@@ -988,15 +1079,17 @@ pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
 
     /*
      * Check for all tables listed in stats hashtable if they still exist.
+     * Stats cache is useless here so directly search the shared hash.
      */
-    hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->tables);
-    while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
+    dshtable = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_tblparams, dbentry->tables, 0);
+    dshash_seq_init(&dshstat, dshtable, false);
+    while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) dshash_seq_next(&dshstat)) != NULL)
     {
         Oid            tabid = tabentry->tableid;
 
         CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-        if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &tabid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
+        if (hash_search(oidtab, (void *) &tabid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
             continue;
 
         /*
@@ -1019,6 +1112,7 @@ pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
             msg.m_nentries = 0;
         }
     }
+    dshash_detach(dshtable);
 
     /*
      * Send the rest
@@ -1034,29 +1128,29 @@ pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
     }
 
     /* Clean up */
-    hash_destroy(htab);
+    hash_destroy(oidtab);
 
     /*
      * Now repeat the above steps for functions.  However, we needn't bother
      * in the common case where no function stats are being collected.
      */
-    if (dbentry->functions != NULL &&
-        hash_get_num_entries(dbentry->functions) > 0)
+    dshtable = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_funcparams, dbentry->functions, 0);
+    if (dshash_get_num_entries(dshtable) > 0)
     {
-        htab = pgstat_collect_oids(ProcedureRelationId);
+        oidtab = pgstat_collect_oids(ProcedureRelationId);
 
         pgstat_setheader(&f_msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_FUNCPURGE);
         f_msg.m_databaseid = MyDatabaseId;
         f_msg.m_nentries = 0;
 
-        hash_seq_init(&hstat, dbentry->functions);
-        while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
+        dshash_seq_init(&dshstat, dshtable, false);
+        while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) dshash_seq_next(&dshstat)) != NULL)
         {
             Oid            funcid = funcentry->functionid;
 
             CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
-            if (hash_search(htab, (void *) &funcid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
+            if (hash_search(oidtab, (void *) &funcid, HASH_FIND, NULL) != NULL)
                 continue;
 
             /*
@@ -1089,8 +1183,9 @@ pgstat_vacuum_stat(void)
             pgstat_send(&f_msg, len);
         }
 
-        hash_destroy(htab);
+        hash_destroy(oidtab);
     }
+    dshash_detach(dshtable);
 }
 
 
@@ -1457,24 +1552,6 @@ pgstat_ping(void)
     pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
 }
 
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_send_inquiry() -
- *
- *    Notify collector that we need fresh data.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_send_inquiry(TimestampTz clock_time, TimestampTz cutoff_time, Oid databaseid)
-{
-    PgStat_MsgInquiry msg;
-
-    pgstat_setheader(&msg.m_hdr, PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY);
-    msg.clock_time = clock_time;
-    msg.cutoff_time = cutoff_time;
-    msg.databaseid = databaseid;
-    pgstat_send(&msg, sizeof(msg));
-}
-
 
 /*
  * Initialize function call usage data.
@@ -2289,18 +2366,10 @@ pgstat_twophase_postabort(TransactionId xid, uint16 info,
 PgStat_StatDBEntry *
 pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid)
 {
-    /*
-     * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-     * file into some hash tables.
-     */
-    backend_read_statsfile();
+    PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
 
-    /*
-     * Lookup the requested database; return NULL if not found
-     */
-    return (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-                                              (void *) &dbid,
-                                              HASH_FIND, NULL);
+    dbentry = backend_get_db_entry(dbid, false);
+    return dbentry;
 }
 
 
@@ -2316,47 +2385,28 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(Oid dbid)
 PgStat_StatTabEntry *
 pgstat_fetch_stat_tabentry(Oid relid)
 {
-    Oid            dbid;
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
 
-    /*
-     * If not done for this transaction, read the statistics collector stats
-     * file into some hash tables.
-     */
-    backend_read_statsfile();
+    /* Lookup our database, then look in its table hash table. */
+    dbentry = backend_get_db_entry(MyDatabaseId, false);
+    if (dbentry == NULL)
+        return NULL;
 
-    /*
-     * Lookup our database, then look in its table hash table.
-     */
-    dbid = MyDatabaseId;
-    dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-                                                 (void *) &dbid,
-                                                 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-    if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
-    {
-        tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-                                                       (void *) &relid,
-                                                       HASH_FIND, NULL);
-        if (tabentry)
-            return tabentry;
-    }
+    tabentry = backend_get_tab_entry(dbentry, relid, false);
+    if (tabentry != NULL)
+        return tabentry;
 
     /*
      * If we didn't find it, maybe it's a shared table.
      */
-    dbid = InvalidOid;
-    dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-                                                 (void *) &dbid,
-                                                 HASH_FIND, NULL);
-    if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->tables != NULL)
-    {
-        tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-                                                       (void *) &relid,
-                                                       HASH_FIND, NULL);
-        if (tabentry)
-            return tabentry;
-    }
+    dbentry = backend_get_db_entry(InvalidOid, false);
+    if (dbentry == NULL)
+        return NULL;
+
+    tabentry = backend_get_tab_entry(dbentry, relid, false);
+    if (tabentry != NULL)
+        return tabentry;
 
     return NULL;
 }
@@ -2375,17 +2425,14 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_funcentry(Oid func_id)
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry = NULL;
 
-    /* load the stats file if needed */
-    backend_read_statsfile();
+    /* Lookup our database, then find the requested function */
+    dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(MyDatabaseId, false);
+    if (dbentry == NULL)
+        return NULL;
 
-    /* Lookup our database, then find the requested function.  */
-    dbentry = pgstat_fetch_stat_dbentry(MyDatabaseId);
-    if (dbentry != NULL && dbentry->functions != NULL)
-    {
-        funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-                                                         (void *) &func_id,
-                                                         HASH_FIND, NULL);
-    }
+    funcentry = backend_get_func_etnry(dbentry, func_id, false);
+    if (funcentry == NULL)
+        return NULL;
 
     return funcentry;
 }
@@ -2461,9 +2508,11 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_numbackends(void)
 PgStat_ArchiverStats *
 pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
 {
-    backend_read_statsfile();
+    /* If not done for this transaction, take a stats snapshot */
+    if (!backend_snapshot_global_stats())
+        return NULL;
 
-    return &archiverStats;
+    return snapshot_archiverStats;
 }
 
 
@@ -2478,9 +2527,11 @@ pgstat_fetch_stat_archiver(void)
 PgStat_GlobalStats *
 pgstat_fetch_global(void)
 {
-    backend_read_statsfile();
+    /* If not done for this transaction, take a stats snapshot */
+    if (!backend_snapshot_global_stats())
+        return NULL;
 
-    return &globalStats;
+    return snapshot_globalStats;
 }
 
 
@@ -4186,18 +4237,14 @@ PgstatCollectorMain(void)
     pqsignal(SIGTTOU, SIG_DFL);
     pqsignal(SIGCONT, SIG_DFL);
     pqsignal(SIGWINCH, SIG_DFL);
-    PG_SETMASK(&UnBlockSig);
 
-    /*
-     * Identify myself via ps
-     */
-    init_ps_display("stats collector", "", "", "");
+    PG_SETMASK(&UnBlockSig);
 
     /*
      * Read in existing stats files or initialize the stats to zero.
      */
     pgStatRunningInCollector = true;
-    pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, true, true);
+    pgstat_read_statsfiles();
 
     /*
      * Loop to process messages until we get SIGQUIT or detect ungraceful
@@ -4239,13 +4286,6 @@ PgstatCollectorMain(void)
                 ProcessConfigFile(PGC_SIGHUP);
             }
 
-            /*
-             * Write the stats file(s) if a new request has arrived that is
-             * not satisfied by existing file(s).
-             */
-            if (pgstat_write_statsfile_needed())
-                pgstat_write_statsfiles(false, false);
-
             /*
              * Try to receive and process a message.  This will not block,
              * since the socket is set to non-blocking mode.
@@ -4294,10 +4334,6 @@ PgstatCollectorMain(void)
                 case PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY:
                     break;
 
-                case PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY:
-                    pgstat_recv_inquiry((PgStat_MsgInquiry *) &msg, len);
-                    break;
-
                 case PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT:
                     pgstat_recv_tabstat((PgStat_MsgTabstat *) &msg, len);
                     break;
@@ -4386,9 +4422,7 @@ PgstatCollectorMain(void)
          * fixes that, so don't sleep indefinitely.  This is a crock of the
          * first water, but until somebody wants to debug exactly what's
          * happening there, this is the best we can do.  The two-second
-         * timeout matches our pre-9.2 behavior, and needs to be short enough
-         * to not provoke "using stale statistics" complaints from
-         * backend_read_statsfile.
+         * timeout matches our pre-9.2 behavior.
          */
         wr = WaitLatchOrSocket(MyLatch,
                                WL_LATCH_SET | WL_POSTMASTER_DEATH | WL_SOCKET_READABLE | WL_TIMEOUT,
@@ -4408,7 +4442,7 @@ PgstatCollectorMain(void)
     /*
      * Save the final stats to reuse at next startup.
      */
-    pgstat_write_statsfiles(true, true);
+    pgstat_write_statsfiles();
 
     exit(0);
 }
@@ -4466,14 +4500,14 @@ pgstat_shutdown_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
 }
 
 /*
- * Subroutine to clear stats in a database entry
+ * Subroutine to reset stats in a shared database entry
  *
  * Tables and functions hashes are initialized to empty.
  */
 static void
 reset_dbentry_counters(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
 {
-    HASHCTL        hash_ctl;
+    dshash_table *tbl;
 
     dbentry->n_xact_commit = 0;
     dbentry->n_xact_rollback = 0;
@@ -4499,20 +4533,17 @@ reset_dbentry_counters(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
     dbentry->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
     dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
 
-    memset(&hash_ctl, 0, sizeof(hash_ctl));
-    hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-    hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-    dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-                                  PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-                                  &hash_ctl,
-                                  HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
 
-    hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-    hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-    dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-                                     PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-                                     &hash_ctl,
-                                     HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
+    tbl = dshash_create(area, &dsh_tblparams, 0);
+    dbentry->tables = dshash_get_hash_table_handle(tbl);
+    dshash_detach(tbl);
+
+    tbl = dshash_create(area, &dsh_funcparams, 0);
+    dbentry->functions = dshash_get_hash_table_handle(tbl);
+    dshash_detach(tbl);
+
+    dbentry->snapshot_tables = NULL;
+    dbentry->snapshot_functions = NULL;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4525,15 +4556,18 @@ pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create)
 {
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *result;
     bool        found;
-    HASHACTION    action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
+
+    Assert(pgStatRunningInCollector);
 
     /* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this database */
-    result = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-                                                &databaseid,
-                                                action, &found);
+    if (create)
+        result = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *)
+            dshash_find_or_insert(db_stats,    &databaseid, &found);
+    else
+        result = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *)    dshash_find(db_stats, &databaseid, true);
 
-    if (!create && !found)
-        return NULL;
+    if (!create)
+        return result;
 
     /*
      * If not found, initialize the new one.  This creates empty hash tables
@@ -4545,23 +4579,23 @@ pgstat_get_db_entry(Oid databaseid, bool create)
     return result;
 }
 
-
 /*
  * Lookup the hash table entry for the specified table. If no hash
  * table entry exists, initialize it, if the create parameter is true.
  * Else, return NULL.
  */
 static PgStat_StatTabEntry *
-pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, Oid tableoid, bool create)
+pgstat_get_tab_entry(dshash_table *table, Oid tableoid, bool create)
 {
     PgStat_StatTabEntry *result;
     bool        found;
-    HASHACTION    action = (create ? HASH_ENTER : HASH_FIND);
 
     /* Lookup or create the hash table entry for this table */
-    result = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-                                                 &tableoid,
-                                                 action, &found);
+    if (create)
+        result = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *)
+            dshash_find_or_insert(table, &tableoid, &found);
+    else
+        result = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) dshash_find(table, &tableoid, false);
 
     if (!create && !found)
         return NULL;
@@ -4599,25 +4633,20 @@ pgstat_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, Oid tableoid, bool create)
  * pgstat_write_statsfiles() -
  *        Write the global statistics file, as well as requested DB files.
  *
- *    'permanent' specifies writing to the permanent files not temporary ones.
- *    When true (happens only when the collector is shutting down), also remove
- *    the temporary files so that backends starting up under a new postmaster
- *    can't read old data before the new collector is ready.
- *
  *    When 'allDbs' is false, only the requested databases (listed in
  *    pending_write_requests) will be written; otherwise, all databases
  *    will be written.
  * ----------
  */
 static void
-pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
+pgstat_write_statsfiles(void)
 {
-    HASH_SEQ_STATUS hstat;
+    dshash_seq_status hstat;
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     FILE       *fpout;
     int32        format_id;
-    const char *tmpfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE : pgstat_stat_tmpname;
-    const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
+    const char *tmpfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE;
+    const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
     int            rc;
 
     elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
@@ -4638,7 +4667,7 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
     /*
      * Set the timestamp of the stats file.
      */
-    globalStats.stats_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+    shared_globalStats->stats_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
 
     /*
      * Write the file header --- currently just a format ID.
@@ -4650,32 +4679,29 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
     /*
      * Write global stats struct
      */
-    rc = fwrite(&globalStats, sizeof(globalStats), 1, fpout);
+    rc = fwrite(shared_globalStats, sizeof(shared_globalStats), 1, fpout);
     (void) rc;                    /* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
     /*
      * Write archiver stats struct
      */
-    rc = fwrite(&archiverStats, sizeof(archiverStats), 1, fpout);
+    rc = fwrite(shared_archiverStats, sizeof(shared_archiverStats), 1, fpout);
     (void) rc;                    /* we'll check for error with ferror */
 
     /*
      * Walk through the database table.
      */
-    hash_seq_init(&hstat, pgStatDBHash);
-    while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_seq_search(&hstat)) != NULL)
+    dshash_seq_init(&hstat, db_stats, false);
+    while ((dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) dshash_seq_next(&hstat)) != NULL)
     {
         /*
          * Write out the table and function stats for this DB into the
          * appropriate per-DB stat file, if required.
          */
-        if (allDbs || pgstat_db_requested(dbentry->databaseid))
-        {
-            /* Make DB's timestamp consistent with the global stats */
-            dbentry->stats_timestamp = globalStats.stats_timestamp;
+        /* Make DB's timestamp consistent with the global stats */
+        dbentry->stats_timestamp = shared_globalStats->stats_timestamp;
 
-            pgstat_write_db_statsfile(dbentry, permanent);
-        }
+        pgstat_write_db_statsfile(dbentry);
 
         /*
          * Write out the DB entry. We don't write the tables or functions
@@ -4719,9 +4745,6 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
         unlink(tmpfile);
     }
 
-    if (permanent)
-        unlink(pgstat_stat_filename);
-
     /*
      * Now throw away the list of requests.  Note that requests sent after we
      * started the write are still waiting on the network socket.
@@ -4735,15 +4758,14 @@ pgstat_write_statsfiles(bool permanent, bool allDbs)
  * of length len.
  */
 static void
-get_dbstat_filename(bool permanent, bool tempname, Oid databaseid,
+get_dbstat_filename(bool tempname, Oid databaseid,
                     char *filename, int len)
 {
     int            printed;
 
     /* NB -- pgstat_reset_remove_files knows about the pattern this uses */
     printed = snprintf(filename, len, "%s/db_%u.%s",
-                       permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY :
-                       pgstat_stat_directory,
+                       PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY,
                        databaseid,
                        tempname ? "tmp" : "stat");
     if (printed > len)
@@ -4761,10 +4783,10 @@ get_dbstat_filename(bool permanent, bool tempname, Oid databaseid,
  * ----------
  */
 static void
-pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
+pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry)
 {
-    HASH_SEQ_STATUS tstat;
-    HASH_SEQ_STATUS fstat;
+    dshash_seq_status tstat;
+    dshash_seq_status fstat;
     PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
     PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
     FILE       *fpout;
@@ -4773,9 +4795,10 @@ pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
     int            rc;
     char        tmpfile[MAXPGPATH];
     char        statfile[MAXPGPATH];
+    dshash_table *tbl;
 
-    get_dbstat_filename(permanent, true, dbid, tmpfile, MAXPGPATH);
-    get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
+    get_dbstat_filename(true, dbid, tmpfile, MAXPGPATH);
+    get_dbstat_filename(false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
 
     elog(DEBUG2, "writing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
 
@@ -4802,24 +4825,28 @@ pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
     /*
      * Walk through the database's access stats per table.
      */
-    hash_seq_init(&tstat, dbentry->tables);
-    while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_seq_search(&tstat)) != NULL)
+    tbl = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_tblparams, dbentry->tables, 0);
+    dshash_seq_init(&tstat, tbl, false);
+    while ((tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) dshash_seq_next(&tstat)) != NULL)
     {
         fputc('T', fpout);
         rc = fwrite(tabentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry), 1, fpout);
         (void) rc;                /* we'll check for error with ferror */
     }
+    dshash_detach(tbl);
 
     /*
      * Walk through the database's function stats table.
      */
-    hash_seq_init(&fstat, dbentry->functions);
-    while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_seq_search(&fstat)) != NULL)
+    tbl = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_funcparams, dbentry->functions, 0);
+    dshash_seq_init(&fstat, tbl, false);
+    while ((funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) dshash_seq_next(&fstat)) != NULL)
     {
         fputc('F', fpout);
         rc = fwrite(funcentry, sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry), 1, fpout);
         (void) rc;                /* we'll check for error with ferror */
     }
+    dshash_detach(tbl);
 
     /*
      * No more output to be done. Close the temp file and replace the old
@@ -4853,76 +4880,45 @@ pgstat_write_db_statsfile(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry, bool permanent)
                         tmpfile, statfile)));
         unlink(tmpfile);
     }
-
-    if (permanent)
-    {
-        get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-        elog(DEBUG2, "removing temporary stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-        unlink(statfile);
-    }
 }
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_read_statsfiles() -
  *
- *    Reads in some existing statistics collector files and returns the
- *    databases hash table that is the top level of the data.
+ *    Reads in some existing statistics collector files into the shared stats
+ *    hash.
  *
- *    If 'onlydb' is not InvalidOid, it means we only want data for that DB
- *    plus the shared catalogs ("DB 0").  We'll still populate the DB hash
- *    table for all databases, but we don't bother even creating table/function
- *    hash tables for other databases.
- *
- *    'permanent' specifies reading from the permanent files not temporary ones.
- *    When true (happens only when the collector is starting up), remove the
- *    files after reading; the in-memory status is now authoritative, and the
- *    files would be out of date in case somebody else reads them.
- *
- *    If a 'deep' read is requested, table/function stats are read, otherwise
- *    the table/function hash tables remain empty.
  * ----------
  */
-static HTAB *
-pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
+static void
+pgstat_read_statsfiles(void)
 {
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     PgStat_StatDBEntry dbbuf;
-    HASHCTL        hash_ctl;
-    HTAB       *dbhash;
     FILE       *fpin;
     int32        format_id;
     bool        found;
-    const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
+    const char *statfile = PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME;
+    dshash_table *tblstats = NULL;
+    dshash_table *funcstats = NULL;
 
+    Assert(pgStatRunningInCollector);
     /*
      * The tables will live in pgStatLocalContext.
      */
     pgstat_setup_memcxt();
 
     /*
-     * Create the DB hashtable
+     * Create the DB hashtable and global stas area
      */
-    memset(&hash_ctl, 0, sizeof(hash_ctl));
-    hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-    hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry);
-    hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-    dbhash = hash_create("Databases hash", PGSTAT_DB_HASH_SIZE, &hash_ctl,
-                         HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-    /*
-     * Clear out global and archiver statistics so they start from zero in
-     * case we can't load an existing statsfile.
-     */
-    memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-    memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
+    pgstat_create_shared_stats();
 
     /*
      * Set the current timestamp (will be kept only in case we can't load an
      * existing statsfile).
      */
-    globalStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-    archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = globalStats.stat_reset_timestamp;
+    shared_globalStats->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+    shared_archiverStats->stat_reset_timestamp = shared_globalStats->stat_reset_timestamp;
 
     /*
      * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
@@ -4940,7 +4936,7 @@ pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
                     (errcode_for_file_access(),
                      errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
                             statfile)));
-        return dbhash;
+        return;
     }
 
     /*
@@ -4957,11 +4953,11 @@ pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
     /*
      * Read global stats struct
      */
-    if (fread(&globalStats, 1, sizeof(globalStats), fpin) != sizeof(globalStats))
+    if (fread(shared_globalStats, 1, sizeof(shared_globalStats), fpin) != sizeof(shared_globalStats))
     {
         ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
                 (errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-        memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
+        memset(shared_globalStats, 0, sizeof(*shared_globalStats));
         goto done;
     }
 
@@ -4972,17 +4968,16 @@ pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
      * file's timestamp is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL ago, but that's not
      * an unusual scenario.
      */
-    if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-        globalStats.stats_timestamp = 0;
+    shared_globalStats->stats_timestamp = 0;
 
     /*
      * Read archiver stats struct
      */
-    if (fread(&archiverStats, 1, sizeof(archiverStats), fpin) != sizeof(archiverStats))
+    if (fread(shared_archiverStats, 1, sizeof(shared_archiverStats), fpin) != sizeof(shared_archiverStats))
     {
         ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
                 (errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-        memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
+        memset(shared_archiverStats, 0, sizeof(*shared_archiverStats));
         goto done;
     }
 
@@ -5011,12 +5006,12 @@ pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
                 /*
                  * Add to the DB hash
                  */
-                dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *) hash_search(dbhash,
-                                                             (void *) &dbbuf.databaseid,
-                                                             HASH_ENTER,
-                                                             &found);
+                dbentry = (PgStat_StatDBEntry *)
+                    dshash_find_or_insert(db_stats, (void *) &dbbuf.databaseid,
+                                          &found);
                 if (found)
                 {
+                    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
                     ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
                             (errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
                                     statfile)));
@@ -5024,8 +5019,8 @@ pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
                 }
 
                 memcpy(dbentry, &dbbuf, sizeof(PgStat_StatDBEntry));
-                dbentry->tables = NULL;
-                dbentry->functions = NULL;
+                dbentry->tables = DSM_HANDLE_INVALID;
+                dbentry->functions = DSM_HANDLE_INVALID;
 
                 /*
                  * In the collector, disregard the timestamp we read from the
@@ -5033,47 +5028,23 @@ pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
                  * stats file immediately upon the first request from any
                  * backend.
                  */
-                if (pgStatRunningInCollector)
-                    dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
-
-                /*
-                 * Don't create tables/functions hashtables for uninteresting
-                 * databases.
-                 */
-                if (onlydb != InvalidOid)
-                {
-                    if (dbbuf.databaseid != onlydb &&
-                        dbbuf.databaseid != InvalidOid)
-                        break;
-                }
-
-                memset(&hash_ctl, 0, sizeof(hash_ctl));
-                hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-                hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatTabEntry);
-                hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-                dbentry->tables = hash_create("Per-database table",
-                                              PGSTAT_TAB_HASH_SIZE,
-                                              &hash_ctl,
-                                              HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
-
-                hash_ctl.keysize = sizeof(Oid);
-                hash_ctl.entrysize = sizeof(PgStat_StatFuncEntry);
-                hash_ctl.hcxt = pgStatLocalContext;
-                dbentry->functions = hash_create("Per-database function",
-                                                 PGSTAT_FUNCTION_HASH_SIZE,
-                                                 &hash_ctl,
-                                                 HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
+                Assert(pgStatRunningInCollector);
+                dbentry->stats_timestamp = 0;
 
                 /*
                  * If requested, read the data from the database-specific
                  * file.  Otherwise we just leave the hashtables empty.
                  */
-                if (deep)
-                    pgstat_read_db_statsfile(dbentry->databaseid,
-                                             dbentry->tables,
-                                             dbentry->functions,
-                                             permanent);
-
+                tblstats = dshash_create(area, &dsh_tblparams, 0);
+                dbentry->tables = dshash_get_hash_table_handle(tblstats);
+                funcstats = dshash_create(area, &dsh_funcparams, 0);
+                dbentry->functions =
+                    dshash_get_hash_table_handle(funcstats);
+                dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
+                pgstat_read_db_statsfile(dbentry->databaseid,
+                                         tblstats, funcstats);
+                dshash_detach(tblstats);
+                dshash_detach(funcstats);
                 break;
 
             case 'E':
@@ -5090,34 +5061,47 @@ pgstat_read_statsfiles(Oid onlydb, bool permanent, bool deep)
 done:
     FreeFile(fpin);
 
-    /* If requested to read the permanent file, also get rid of it. */
-    if (permanent)
-    {
-        elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-        unlink(statfile);
-    }
+    elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+    unlink(statfile);
 
-    return dbhash;
+    return;
 }
 
 
+Size
+StatsShmemSize(void)
+{
+    return sizeof(StatsShmemStruct);
+}
+
+void
+StatsShmemInit(void)
+{
+    bool    found;
+
+    StatsShmem = (StatsShmemStruct *)
+        ShmemInitStruct("Stats area", StatsShmemSize(),
+                        &found);
+    if (!IsUnderPostmaster)
+    {
+        Assert(!found);
+
+        StatsShmem->stats_dsa_handle = DSM_HANDLE_INVALID;
+    }
+    else
+        Assert(found);
+}
+
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_read_db_statsfile() -
  *
- *    Reads in the existing statistics collector file for the given database,
- *    filling the passed-in tables and functions hash tables.
- *
- *    As in pgstat_read_statsfiles, if the permanent file is requested, it is
- *    removed after reading.
- *
- *    Note: this code has the ability to skip storing per-table or per-function
- *    data, if NULL is passed for the corresponding hashtable.  That's not used
- *    at the moment though.
+ *    Reads in the permanent statistics collector file and create shared
+ *    statistics tables. The file is removed afer reading.
  * ----------
  */
 static void
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
-                         bool permanent)
+pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid,
+                         dshash_table *tabhash, dshash_table *funchash)
 {
     PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
     PgStat_StatTabEntry tabbuf;
@@ -5128,7 +5112,8 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
     bool        found;
     char        statfile[MAXPGPATH];
 
-    get_dbstat_filename(permanent, false, databaseid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
+    Assert(pgStatRunningInCollector);
+    get_dbstat_filename(false, databaseid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
 
     /*
      * Try to open the stats file. If it doesn't exist, the backends simply
@@ -5187,12 +5172,13 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
                 if (tabhash == NULL)
                     break;
 
-                tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(tabhash,
-                                                               (void *) &tabbuf.tableid,
-                                                               HASH_ENTER, &found);
+                tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *)
+                    dshash_find_or_insert(tabhash,
+                                          (void *) &tabbuf.tableid, &found);
 
                 if (found)
                 {
+                    dshash_release_lock(tabhash, tabentry);
                     ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
                             (errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
                                     statfile)));
@@ -5200,6 +5186,7 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
                 }
 
                 memcpy(tabentry, &tabbuf, sizeof(tabbuf));
+                dshash_release_lock(tabhash, tabentry);
                 break;
 
                 /*
@@ -5221,9 +5208,9 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
                 if (funchash == NULL)
                     break;
 
-                funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(funchash,
-                                                                 (void *) &funcbuf.functionid,
-                                                                 HASH_ENTER, &found);
+                funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *)
+                    dshash_find_or_insert(funchash,
+                                          (void *) &funcbuf.functionid, &found);
 
                 if (found)
                 {
@@ -5234,6 +5221,7 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
                 }
 
                 memcpy(funcentry, &funcbuf, sizeof(funcbuf));
+                dshash_release_lock(funchash, funcentry);
                 break;
 
                 /*
@@ -5253,276 +5241,355 @@ pgstat_read_db_statsfile(Oid databaseid, HTAB *tabhash, HTAB *funchash,
 done:
     FreeFile(fpin);
 
-    if (permanent)
-    {
-        elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-        unlink(statfile);
-    }
+    elog(DEBUG2, "removing permanent stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
+    unlink(statfile);
 }
 
 /* ----------
- * pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp() -
+ * backend_clean_snapshot_callback() -
  *
- *    Attempt to determine the timestamp of the last db statfile write.
- *    Returns true if successful; the timestamp is stored in *ts.
- *
- *    This needs to be careful about handling databases for which no stats file
- *    exists, such as databases without a stat entry or those not yet written:
- *
- *    - if there's a database entry in the global file, return the corresponding
- *    stats_timestamp value.
- *
- *    - if there's no db stat entry (e.g. for a new or inactive database),
- *    there's no stats_timestamp value, but also nothing to write so we return
- *    the timestamp of the global statfile.
+ *    This is usually called with arg = NULL when the memory context where the
+ *  current snapshot has been taken. Don't bother releasing memory in the
+ *  case.
  * ----------
  */
-static bool
-pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(Oid databaseid, bool permanent,
-                                   TimestampTz *ts)
+static void
+backend_clean_snapshot_callback(void *arg)
 {
-    PgStat_StatDBEntry dbentry;
-    PgStat_GlobalStats myGlobalStats;
-    PgStat_ArchiverStats myArchiverStats;
-    FILE       *fpin;
-    int32        format_id;
-    const char *statfile = permanent ? PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME : pgstat_stat_filename;
-
-    /*
-     * Try to open the stats file.  As above, anything but ENOENT is worthy of
-     * complaining about.
-     */
-    if ((fpin = AllocateFile(statfile, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
+    if (arg != NULL)
     {
-        if (errno != ENOENT)
-            ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-                    (errcode_for_file_access(),
-                     errmsg("could not open statistics file \"%s\": %m",
-                            statfile)));
-        return false;
-    }
+        /* explicitly called, so explicitly free resources */
+        if (snapshot_globalStats)
+            pfree(snapshot_globalStats);
 
-    /*
-     * Verify it's of the expected format.
-     */
-    if (fread(&format_id, 1, sizeof(format_id), fpin) != sizeof(format_id) ||
-        format_id != PGSTAT_FILE_FORMAT_ID)
-    {
-        ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-                (errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-        FreeFile(fpin);
-        return false;
-    }
+        if (snapshot_archiverStats)
+            pfree(snapshot_archiverStats);
 
-    /*
-     * Read global stats struct
-     */
-    if (fread(&myGlobalStats, 1, sizeof(myGlobalStats),
-              fpin) != sizeof(myGlobalStats))
-    {
-        ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-                (errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-        FreeFile(fpin);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * Read archiver stats struct
-     */
-    if (fread(&myArchiverStats, 1, sizeof(myArchiverStats),
-              fpin) != sizeof(myArchiverStats))
-    {
-        ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-                (errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"", statfile)));
-        FreeFile(fpin);
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    /* By default, we're going to return the timestamp of the global file. */
-    *ts = myGlobalStats.stats_timestamp;
-
-    /*
-     * We found an existing collector stats file.  Read it and look for a
-     * record for the requested database.  If found, use its timestamp.
-     */
-    for (;;)
-    {
-        switch (fgetc(fpin))
+        if (snapshot_db_stats)
         {
-                /*
-                 * 'D'    A PgStat_StatDBEntry struct describing a database
-                 * follows.
-                 */
-            case 'D':
-                if (fread(&dbentry, 1, offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables),
-                          fpin) != offsetof(PgStat_StatDBEntry, tables))
-                {
-                    ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-                            (errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-                                    statfile)));
-                    goto done;
-                }
+            HASH_SEQ_STATUS seq;
+            PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent;
 
-                /*
-                 * If this is the DB we're looking for, save its timestamp and
-                 * we're done.
-                 */
-                if (dbentry.databaseid == databaseid)
-                {
-                    *ts = dbentry.stats_timestamp;
-                    goto done;
-                }
-
-                break;
-
-            case 'E':
-                goto done;
-
-            default:
-                ereport(pgStatRunningInCollector ? LOG : WARNING,
-                        (errmsg("corrupted statistics file \"%s\"",
-                                statfile)));
-                goto done;
+            hash_seq_init(&seq, snapshot_db_stats);
+            while ((dbent = hash_seq_search(&seq)) != NULL)
+            {
+                if (dbent->snapshot_tables)
+                    hash_destroy(dbent->snapshot_tables);
+                if (dbent->snapshot_functions)
+                    hash_destroy(dbent->snapshot_functions);
+            }
+            hash_destroy(snapshot_db_stats);
         }
     }
 
-done:
-    FreeFile(fpin);
-    return true;
+    /* mark as the resource are not allocated */
+    snapshot_globalStats = NULL;
+    snapshot_archiverStats = NULL;
+    snapshot_db_stats = NULL;
 }
 
 /*
- * If not already done, read the statistics collector stats file into
- * some hash tables.  The results will be kept until pgstat_clear_snapshot()
- * is called (typically, at end of transaction).
+ * create_local_stats_hash() -
+ *
+ * Creates a dynahash used for table/function stats cache.
  */
-static void
-backend_read_statsfile(void)
+static HTAB *
+create_local_stats_hash(const char *name, size_t keysize, size_t entrysize,
+                        int nentries)
 {
-    TimestampTz min_ts = 0;
-    TimestampTz ref_ts = 0;
-    Oid            inquiry_db;
-    int            count;
+    HTAB *result;
+    HASHCTL ctl;
 
-    /* already read it? */
-    if (pgStatDBHash)
-        return;
-    Assert(!pgStatRunningInCollector);
-
-    /*
-     * In a normal backend, we check staleness of the data for our own DB, and
-     * so we send MyDatabaseId in inquiry messages.  In the autovac launcher,
-     * check staleness of the shared-catalog data, and send InvalidOid in
-     * inquiry messages so as not to force writing unnecessary data.
-     */
-    if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-        inquiry_db = InvalidOid;
-    else
-        inquiry_db = MyDatabaseId;
-
-    /*
-     * Loop until fresh enough stats file is available or we ran out of time.
-     * The stats inquiry message is sent repeatedly in case collector drops
-     * it; but not every single time, as that just swamps the collector.
-     */
-    for (count = 0; count < PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT; count++)
-    {
-        bool        ok;
-        TimestampTz file_ts = 0;
-        TimestampTz cur_ts;
-
-        CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
-
-        ok = pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp(inquiry_db, false, &file_ts);
-
-        cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-        /* Calculate min acceptable timestamp, if we didn't already */
-        if (count == 0 || cur_ts < ref_ts)
-        {
-            /*
-             * We set the minimum acceptable timestamp to PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL
-             * msec before now.  This indirectly ensures that the collector
-             * needn't write the file more often than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL. In
-             * an autovacuum worker, however, we want a lower delay to avoid
-             * using stale data, so we use PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY (since the
-             * number of workers is low, this shouldn't be a problem).
-             *
-             * We don't recompute min_ts after sleeping, except in the
-             * unlikely case that cur_ts went backwards.  So we might end up
-             * accepting a file a bit older than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL.  In
-             * practice that shouldn't happen, though, as long as the sleep
-             * time is less than PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL; and we don't want to
-             * tell the collector that our cutoff time is less than what we'd
-             * actually accept.
-             */
-            ref_ts = cur_ts;
-            if (IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess())
-                min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-                                                     -PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY);
-            else
-                min_ts = TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(ref_ts,
-                                                     -PGSTAT_STAT_INTERVAL);
-        }
-
-        /*
-         * If the file timestamp is actually newer than cur_ts, we must have
-         * had a clock glitch (system time went backwards) or there is clock
-         * skew between our processor and the stats collector's processor.
-         * Accept the file, but send an inquiry message anyway to make
-         * pgstat_recv_inquiry do a sanity check on the collector's time.
-         */
-        if (ok && file_ts > cur_ts)
-        {
-            /*
-             * A small amount of clock skew between processors isn't terribly
-             * surprising, but a large difference is worth logging.  We
-             * arbitrarily define "large" as 1000 msec.
-             */
-            if (file_ts >= TimestampTzPlusMilliseconds(cur_ts, 1000))
-            {
-                char       *filetime;
-                char       *mytime;
-
-                /* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-                filetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(file_ts));
-                mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-                elog(LOG, "stats collector's time %s is later than backend local time %s",
-                     filetime, mytime);
-                pfree(filetime);
-                pfree(mytime);
-            }
-
-            pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-            break;
-        }
-
-        /* Normal acceptance case: file is not older than cutoff time */
-        if (ok && file_ts >= min_ts)
-            break;
-
-        /* Not there or too old, so kick the collector and wait a bit */
-        if ((count % PGSTAT_INQ_LOOP_COUNT) == 0)
-            pgstat_send_inquiry(cur_ts, min_ts, inquiry_db);
-
-        pg_usleep(PGSTAT_RETRY_DELAY * 1000L);
-    }
-
-    if (count >= PGSTAT_POLL_LOOP_COUNT)
-        ereport(LOG,
-                (errmsg("using stale statistics instead of current ones "
-                        "because stats collector is not responding")));
-
-    /*
-     * Autovacuum launcher wants stats about all databases, but a shallow read
-     * is sufficient.  Regular backends want a deep read for just the tables
-     * they can see (MyDatabaseId + shared catalogs).
-     */
-    if (IsAutoVacuumLauncherProcess())
-        pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(InvalidOid, false, false);
-    else
-        pgStatDBHash = pgstat_read_statsfiles(MyDatabaseId, false, true);
+    /* Create the hash in the stats context */
+    ctl.keysize        = keysize;
+    ctl.entrysize    = entrysize;
+    ctl.hcxt        = stats_cxt;
+    result = hash_create(name, nentries, &ctl,
+                         HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS | HASH_CONTEXT);
+    return result;
 }
 
+/*
+ * snapshot_statentry() - Find an entriy from source dshash.
+ *
+ * Returns the entry for key or NULL if not found. If dest is not null, uses
+ * *dest as local cache, which is created in the same shape with the given
+ * dshash when *dest is NULL. In both cases the result is cached in the hash
+ * and the same entry is returned to subsequent calls for the same key.
+ * 
+ * Otherwise returned entry is a copy that is palloc'ed in the current memory
+ * context. Its content may differ for every request.
+ *
+ * If dshash is NULL, temporaralily attaches dsh_handle instead.
+ */
+static void *
+snapshot_statentry(HTAB **dest, const char *hashname,
+                   dshash_table *dshash, dshash_table_handle dsh_handle,
+                   const dshash_parameters *dsh_params, Oid key)
+{
+    void *lentry = NULL;
+    size_t keysize = dsh_params->key_size;
+    size_t entrysize = dsh_params->entry_size;
+
+    if (dest)
+    {
+        /* caches the result entry */
+        bool found;
+
+        /*
+         * Create new hash with arbitrary initial entries since we don't know
+         * how this hash will grow.
+         */
+        if (!*dest)
+        {
+            Assert(hashname);
+            *dest = create_local_stats_hash(hashname, keysize, entrysize, 32);
+        }
+
+        lentry = hash_search(*dest, &key, HASH_ENTER, &found);
+        if (!found)
+        {
+            dshash_table *t = dshash;
+            void *sentry;
+
+            if (!t)
+                t = dshash_attach(area, dsh_params, dsh_handle, NULL);
+
+            sentry = dshash_find(t, &key, false);
+
+            /*
+             * We expect that the stats for specified database exists in most
+             * cases.
+             */
+            if (!sentry)
+            {
+                hash_search(*dest, &key, HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
+                if (!dshash)
+                    dshash_detach(t);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+            memcpy(lentry, sentry, entrysize);
+            dshash_release_lock(t, sentry);
+
+            if (!dshash)
+                dshash_detach(t);
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /*
+         * The caller don't want caching. Just make a copy of the entry then
+         * return.
+         */
+        dshash_table *t = dshash;
+        void *sentry;
+
+        if (!t)
+            t = dshash_attach(area, dsh_params, dsh_handle, NULL);
+
+        sentry = dshash_find(t, &key, false);
+        if (sentry)
+        {
+            lentry = palloc(entrysize);
+            memcpy(lentry, sentry, entrysize);
+            dshash_release_lock(t, sentry);
+        }
+
+        if (!dshash)
+            dshash_detach(t);
+    }
+
+    return lentry;
+}
+
+/*
+ * snapshot_statentry_all() - Take a snapshot of all shared stats entries
+ *
+ * Returns a local hash contains all entries in the shared stats.
+ *
+ * The given dshash is used if any. Elsewise temporarily attach dsh_handle.
+ */
+static HTAB *
+snapshot_statentry_all(const char *hashname,
+                       dshash_table *dshash, dshash_table_handle dsh_handle,
+                       const dshash_parameters *dsh_params)
+{
+    dshash_table *t;
+    dshash_seq_status s;
+    size_t keysize = dsh_params->key_size;
+    size_t entrysize = dsh_params->entry_size;
+    void *ps;
+    int num_entries;
+    HTAB *dest;
+
+    t = dshash ? dshash : dshash_attach(area, dsh_params, dsh_handle, NULL);
+
+    /*
+     * No need to create new hash if no entry exists. The number can change
+     * after this, but dynahash can store extra entries in the case.
+     */
+    num_entries = dshash_get_num_entries(t);
+    if (num_entries == 0)
+    {
+        dshash_detach(t);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    Assert(hashname);
+    dest = create_local_stats_hash(hashname,
+                                    keysize, entrysize, num_entries);
+
+    dshash_seq_init(&s, t, true);
+    while ((ps = dshash_seq_next(&s)) != NULL)
+    {
+        bool found;
+        void *pd = hash_search(dest, ps, HASH_ENTER, &found);
+        Assert(!found);
+        memcpy(pd, ps, entrysize);
+        /* dshash_seq_next releases entry lock automatically */
+    }
+
+    if (!dshash)
+        dshash_detach(t);
+
+    return dest;
+}
+
+/*
+ * backend_snapshot_global_stats() -
+ *
+ * Makes a local copy of global stats if not already done.  They will be kept
+ * until pgstat_clear_snapshot() is called or the end of the current memory
+ * context (typically TopTransactionContext).  Returns false if the shared
+ * stats is not created yet.
+ */
+static bool
+backend_snapshot_global_stats(void)
+{
+    MemoryContext oldcontext;
+    MemoryContextCallback *mcxt_cb;
+
+    /* Nothing to do if already done */
+    if (snapshot_globalStats)
+        return true;
+
+    Assert(!pgStatRunningInCollector);
+
+    /* Attached shared memory lives for the process lifetime */
+    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
+    if (!pgstat_attach_shared_stats())
+    {
+        MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+        return false;
+    }
+    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+
+    Assert(snapshot_archiverStats == NULL);
+
+    /*
+     * The snapshot lives within the current top transaction if any, or the
+     * current memory context liftime otherwise.
+     */
+    if (IsTransactionState())
+        MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopTransactionContext);
+
+    /* Remember for stats memory allocation later */
+    stats_cxt = CurrentMemoryContext;
+
+    /* global stats can be just copied  */
+    snapshot_globalStats = palloc(sizeof(PgStat_GlobalStats));
+    memcpy(snapshot_globalStats, shared_globalStats,
+           sizeof(PgStat_GlobalStats));
+
+    snapshot_archiverStats = palloc(sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats));
+    memcpy(snapshot_archiverStats, shared_archiverStats,
+           sizeof(PgStat_ArchiverStats));
+
+    /* set the timestamp of this snapshot */
+    snapshot_globalStats->stats_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+
+    /* register callback to clear snapshot */
+    mcxt_cb = (MemoryContextCallback *)palloc(sizeof(MemoryContextCallback));
+    mcxt_cb->func = backend_clean_snapshot_callback;
+    mcxt_cb->arg = NULL;
+    MemoryContextRegisterResetCallback(CurrentMemoryContext, mcxt_cb);
+    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * backend_get_db_entry() -
+ *
+ *    Find database stats entry on backends. The returned entries are cached
+ *    until transaction end. If onshot is true, they are not cached and returned
+ *    in a palloc'ed memory.
+ */
+PgStat_StatDBEntry *
+backend_get_db_entry(Oid dbid, bool oneshot)
+{
+    /* take a local snapshot if we don't have one */
+    char *hashname = "local database stats hash";
+
+    /* If not done for this transaction, take a snapshot of global stats */
+    if (!backend_snapshot_global_stats())
+        return NULL;
+
+    return snapshot_statentry(oneshot ? NULL : &snapshot_db_stats,
+                              hashname, db_stats, 0, &dsh_dbparams,
+                              dbid);
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * backend_snapshot_all_db_entries() -
+ *
+ *    Take a snapshot of all databsae stats at once into returned hash.
+ */
+HTAB *
+backend_snapshot_all_db_entries(void)
+{
+    /* take a local snapshot if we don't have one */
+    char *hashname = "local database stats hash";
+
+    /* If not done for this transaction, take a snapshot of global stats */
+    if (!backend_snapshot_global_stats())
+        return NULL;
+
+    return snapshot_statentry_all(hashname, db_stats, 0, &dsh_dbparams);
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * backend_get_tab_entry() -
+ *
+ *    Find table stats entry on backends. The returned entries are cached until
+ *    transaction end. If onshot is true, they are not cached and returned in a
+ *    palloc'ed memory.
+ */
+PgStat_StatTabEntry *
+backend_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent, Oid reloid, bool oneshot)
+{
+    /* take a local snapshot if we don't have one */
+    char *hashname = "local table stats hash";
+    return snapshot_statentry(oneshot ? NULL : &dbent->snapshot_tables,
+                              hashname, NULL, dbent->tables, &dsh_tblparams,
+                              reloid);
+}
+
+/* ----------
+ * backend_get_func_entry() -
+ *
+ *    Find function stats entry on backends. The returned entries are cached
+ *    until transaction end. If onshot is true, they are not cached and returned
+ *    in a palloc'ed memory.
+ */
+static PgStat_StatFuncEntry *
+backend_get_func_etnry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent, Oid funcid, bool oneshot)
+{
+    char *hashname = "local table stats hash";
+    return snapshot_statentry(oneshot ? NULL : &dbent->snapshot_tables,
+                              hashname, NULL, dbent->functions, &dsh_funcparams,
+                              funcid);
+}
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_setup_memcxt() -
@@ -5553,6 +5620,8 @@ pgstat_setup_memcxt(void)
 void
 pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
 {
+    int param = 0;    /* only the address is significant */
+
     /* Release memory, if any was allocated */
     if (pgStatLocalContext)
         MemoryContextDelete(pgStatLocalContext);
@@ -5562,99 +5631,12 @@ pgstat_clear_snapshot(void)
     pgStatDBHash = NULL;
     localBackendStatusTable = NULL;
     localNumBackends = 0;
-}
-
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_recv_inquiry() -
- *
- *    Process stat inquiry requests.
- * ----------
- */
-static void
-pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len)
-{
-    PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
-
-    elog(DEBUG2, "received inquiry for database %u", msg->databaseid);
 
     /*
-     * If there's already a write request for this DB, there's nothing to do.
-     *
-     * Note that if a request is found, we return early and skip the below
-     * check for clock skew.  This is okay, since the only way for a DB
-     * request to be present in the list is that we have been here since the
-     * last write round.  It seems sufficient to check for clock skew once per
-     * write round.
+     * the parameter inform the function that it is not called from
+     * MemoryContextCallback
      */
-    if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, msg->databaseid))
-        return;
-
-    /*
-     * Check to see if we last wrote this database at a time >= the requested
-     * cutoff time.  If so, this is a stale request that was generated before
-     * we updated the DB file, and we don't need to do so again.
-     *
-     * If the requestor's local clock time is older than stats_timestamp, we
-     * should suspect a clock glitch, ie system time going backwards; though
-     * the more likely explanation is just delayed message receipt.  It is
-     * worth expending a GetCurrentTimestamp call to be sure, since a large
-     * retreat in the system clock reading could otherwise cause us to neglect
-     * to update the stats file for a long time.
-     */
-    dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->databaseid, false);
-    if (dbentry == NULL)
-    {
-        /*
-         * We have no data for this DB.  Enter a write request anyway so that
-         * the global stats will get updated.  This is needed to prevent
-         * backend_read_statsfile from waiting for data that we cannot supply,
-         * in the case of a new DB that nobody has yet reported any stats for.
-         * See the behavior of pgstat_read_db_statsfile_timestamp.
-         */
-    }
-    else if (msg->clock_time < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-    {
-        TimestampTz cur_ts = GetCurrentTimestamp();
-
-        if (cur_ts < dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-        {
-            /*
-             * Sure enough, time went backwards.  Force a new stats file write
-             * to get back in sync; but first, log a complaint.
-             */
-            char       *writetime;
-            char       *mytime;
-
-            /* Copy because timestamptz_to_str returns a static buffer */
-            writetime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(dbentry->stats_timestamp));
-            mytime = pstrdup(timestamptz_to_str(cur_ts));
-            elog(LOG,
-                 "stats_timestamp %s is later than collector's time %s for database %u",
-                 writetime, mytime, dbentry->databaseid);
-            pfree(writetime);
-            pfree(mytime);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            /*
-             * Nope, it's just an old request.  Assuming msg's clock_time is
-             * >= its cutoff_time, it must be stale, so we can ignore it.
-             */
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-    else if (msg->cutoff_time <= dbentry->stats_timestamp)
-    {
-        /* Stale request, ignore it */
-        return;
-    }
-
-    /*
-     * We need to write this DB, so create a request.
-     */
-    pending_write_requests = lappend_oid(pending_write_requests,
-                                         msg->databaseid);
+    backend_clean_snapshot_callback(¶m);
 }
 
 
@@ -5667,6 +5649,7 @@ pgstat_recv_inquiry(PgStat_MsgInquiry *msg, int len)
 static void
 pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
 {
+    dshash_table *tabhash;
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
     int            i;
@@ -5682,6 +5665,7 @@ pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
     dbentry->n_block_read_time += msg->m_block_read_time;
     dbentry->n_block_write_time += msg->m_block_write_time;
 
+    tabhash = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_tblparams, dbentry->tables, 0);
     /*
      * Process all table entries in the message.
      */
@@ -5689,9 +5673,8 @@ pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
     {
         PgStat_TableEntry *tabmsg = &(msg->m_entry[i]);
 
-        tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-                                                       (void *) &(tabmsg->t_id),
-                                                       HASH_ENTER, &found);
+        tabentry = (PgStat_StatTabEntry *)
+            dshash_find_or_insert(tabhash, (void *) &(tabmsg->t_id), &found);
 
         if (!found)
         {
@@ -5750,6 +5733,7 @@ pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
         tabentry->n_live_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_live_tuples, 0);
         /* Likewise for n_dead_tuples */
         tabentry->n_dead_tuples = Max(tabentry->n_dead_tuples, 0);
+        dshash_release_lock(tabhash, tabentry);
 
         /*
          * Add per-table stats to the per-database entry, too.
@@ -5762,6 +5746,8 @@ pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
         dbentry->n_blocks_fetched += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_fetched;
         dbentry->n_blocks_hit += tabmsg->t_counts.t_blocks_hit;
     }
+
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 
@@ -5774,27 +5760,33 @@ pgstat_recv_tabstat(PgStat_MsgTabstat *msg, int len)
 static void
 pgstat_recv_tabpurge(PgStat_MsgTabpurge *msg, int len)
 {
+    dshash_table *tbl;
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     int            i;
 
     dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, false);
-
     /*
      * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
      */
-    if (!dbentry || !dbentry->tables)
+    if (!dbentry || dbentry->tables == DSM_HANDLE_INVALID)
+    {
+        if (dbentry)
+            dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
         return;
+    }
 
+    tbl = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_tblparams, dbentry->tables, 0);
     /*
      * Process all table entries in the message.
      */
     for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
     {
         /* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-        (void) hash_search(dbentry->tables,
-                           (void *) &(msg->m_tableid[i]),
-                           HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
+        (void) dshash_delete_key(tbl, (void *) &(msg->m_tableid[i]));
     }
+
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
+
 }
 
 
@@ -5820,23 +5812,20 @@ pgstat_recv_dropdb(PgStat_MsgDropdb *msg, int len)
      */
     if (dbentry)
     {
-        char        statfile[MAXPGPATH];
+        if (dbentry->tables != DSM_HANDLE_INVALID)
+        {
+            dshash_table *tbl =
+                dshash_attach(area, &dsh_tblparams, dbentry->tables, 0);
+            dshash_destroy(tbl);
+        }
+        if (dbentry->functions != DSM_HANDLE_INVALID)
+        {
+            dshash_table *tbl =
+                dshash_attach(area, &dsh_funcparams, dbentry->functions, 0);
+            dshash_destroy(tbl);
+        }
 
-        get_dbstat_filename(false, false, dbid, statfile, MAXPGPATH);
-
-        elog(DEBUG2, "removing stats file \"%s\"", statfile);
-        unlink(statfile);
-
-        if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-            hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-        if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-            hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-        if (hash_search(pgStatDBHash,
-                        (void *) &dbid,
-                        HASH_REMOVE, NULL) == NULL)
-            ereport(ERROR,
-                    (errmsg("database hash table corrupted during cleanup --- abort")));
+        dshash_delete_entry(db_stats, (void *)dbentry);
     }
 }
 
@@ -5864,19 +5853,28 @@ pgstat_recv_resetcounter(PgStat_MsgResetcounter *msg, int len)
      * We simply throw away all the database's table entries by recreating a
      * new hash table for them.
      */
-    if (dbentry->tables != NULL)
-        hash_destroy(dbentry->tables);
-    if (dbentry->functions != NULL)
-        hash_destroy(dbentry->functions);
-
-    dbentry->tables = NULL;
-    dbentry->functions = NULL;
+    if (dbentry->tables != DSM_HANDLE_INVALID)
+    {
+        dshash_table *t =
+            dshash_attach(area, &dsh_tblparams, dbentry->tables, 0);
+        dshash_destroy(t);
+        dbentry->tables = DSM_HANDLE_INVALID;
+    }
+    if (dbentry->functions != DSM_HANDLE_INVALID)
+    {
+        dshash_table *t =
+            dshash_attach(area, &dsh_funcparams, dbentry->functions, 0);
+        dshash_destroy(t);
+        dbentry->functions = DSM_HANDLE_INVALID;
+    }
 
     /*
      * Reset database-level stats, too.  This creates empty hash tables for
      * tables and functions.
      */
     reset_dbentry_counters(dbentry);
+
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -5891,14 +5889,14 @@ pgstat_recv_resetsharedcounter(PgStat_MsgResetsharedcounter *msg, int len)
     if (msg->m_resettarget == RESET_BGWRITER)
     {
         /* Reset the global background writer statistics for the cluster. */
-        memset(&globalStats, 0, sizeof(globalStats));
-        globalStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+        memset(&shared_globalStats, 0, sizeof(shared_globalStats));
+        shared_globalStats->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
     }
     else if (msg->m_resettarget == RESET_ARCHIVER)
     {
         /* Reset the archiver statistics for the cluster. */
-        memset(&archiverStats, 0, sizeof(archiverStats));
-        archiverStats.stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
+        memset(&shared_archiverStats, 0, sizeof(shared_archiverStats));
+        shared_archiverStats->stat_reset_timestamp = GetCurrentTimestamp();
     }
 
     /*
@@ -5928,11 +5926,19 @@ pgstat_recv_resetsinglecounter(PgStat_MsgResetsinglecounter *msg, int len)
 
     /* Remove object if it exists, ignore it if not */
     if (msg->m_resettype == RESET_TABLE)
-        (void) hash_search(dbentry->tables, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-                           HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
+    {
+        dshash_table *t =
+            dshash_attach(area, &dsh_tblparams, dbentry->tables, 0);
+        dshash_delete_key(t, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid));
+    }
     else if (msg->m_resettype == RESET_FUNCTION)
-        (void) hash_search(dbentry->functions, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid),
-                           HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
+    {
+        dshash_table *t =
+            dshash_attach(area, &dsh_funcparams, dbentry->functions, 0);
+        dshash_delete_key(t, (void *) &(msg->m_objectid));
+    }
+
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -5952,6 +5958,8 @@ pgstat_recv_autovac(PgStat_MsgAutovacStart *msg, int len)
     dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
 
     dbentry->last_autovac_time = msg->m_start_time;
+
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -5965,13 +5973,13 @@ pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len)
 {
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
-
+    dshash_table *table;
     /*
      * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
      */
     dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
-
-    tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
+    table = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_tblparams, dbentry->tables, 0);
+    tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(table, msg->m_tableoid, true);
 
     tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
     tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
@@ -5986,6 +5994,9 @@ pgstat_recv_vacuum(PgStat_MsgVacuum *msg, int len)
         tabentry->vacuum_timestamp = msg->m_vacuumtime;
         tabentry->vacuum_count++;
     }
+    dshash_release_lock(table, tabentry);
+    dshash_detach(table);
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -5999,13 +6010,15 @@ pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len)
 {
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     PgStat_StatTabEntry *tabentry;
+    dshash_table *table;
 
     /*
      * Store the data in the table's hashtable entry.
      */
     dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
 
-    tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(dbentry, msg->m_tableoid, true);
+    table = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_tblparams, dbentry->tables, 0);
+    tabentry = pgstat_get_tab_entry(table, msg->m_tableoid, true);
 
     tabentry->n_live_tuples = msg->m_live_tuples;
     tabentry->n_dead_tuples = msg->m_dead_tuples;
@@ -6028,6 +6041,9 @@ pgstat_recv_analyze(PgStat_MsgAnalyze *msg, int len)
         tabentry->analyze_timestamp = msg->m_analyzetime;
         tabentry->analyze_count++;
     }
+    dshash_release_lock(table, tabentry);
+    dshash_detach(table);
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 
@@ -6043,18 +6059,18 @@ pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len)
     if (msg->m_failed)
     {
         /* Failed archival attempt */
-        ++archiverStats.failed_count;
-        memcpy(archiverStats.last_failed_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-               sizeof(archiverStats.last_failed_wal));
-        archiverStats.last_failed_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
+        ++shared_archiverStats->failed_count;
+        memcpy(shared_archiverStats->last_failed_wal, msg->m_xlog,
+               sizeof(shared_archiverStats->last_failed_wal));
+        shared_archiverStats->last_failed_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
     }
     else
     {
         /* Successful archival operation */
-        ++archiverStats.archived_count;
-        memcpy(archiverStats.last_archived_wal, msg->m_xlog,
-               sizeof(archiverStats.last_archived_wal));
-        archiverStats.last_archived_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
+        ++shared_archiverStats->archived_count;
+        memcpy(shared_archiverStats->last_archived_wal, msg->m_xlog,
+               sizeof(shared_archiverStats->last_archived_wal));
+        shared_archiverStats->last_archived_timestamp = msg->m_timestamp;
     }
 }
 
@@ -6067,16 +6083,16 @@ pgstat_recv_archiver(PgStat_MsgArchiver *msg, int len)
 static void
 pgstat_recv_bgwriter(PgStat_MsgBgWriter *msg, int len)
 {
-    globalStats.timed_checkpoints += msg->m_timed_checkpoints;
-    globalStats.requested_checkpoints += msg->m_requested_checkpoints;
-    globalStats.checkpoint_write_time += msg->m_checkpoint_write_time;
-    globalStats.checkpoint_sync_time += msg->m_checkpoint_sync_time;
-    globalStats.buf_written_checkpoints += msg->m_buf_written_checkpoints;
-    globalStats.buf_written_clean += msg->m_buf_written_clean;
-    globalStats.maxwritten_clean += msg->m_maxwritten_clean;
-    globalStats.buf_written_backend += msg->m_buf_written_backend;
-    globalStats.buf_fsync_backend += msg->m_buf_fsync_backend;
-    globalStats.buf_alloc += msg->m_buf_alloc;
+    shared_globalStats->timed_checkpoints += msg->m_timed_checkpoints;
+    shared_globalStats->requested_checkpoints += msg->m_requested_checkpoints;
+    shared_globalStats->checkpoint_write_time += msg->m_checkpoint_write_time;
+    shared_globalStats->checkpoint_sync_time += msg->m_checkpoint_sync_time;
+    shared_globalStats->buf_written_checkpoints += msg->m_buf_written_checkpoints;
+    shared_globalStats->buf_written_clean += msg->m_buf_written_clean;
+    shared_globalStats->maxwritten_clean += msg->m_maxwritten_clean;
+    shared_globalStats->buf_written_backend += msg->m_buf_written_backend;
+    shared_globalStats->buf_fsync_backend += msg->m_buf_fsync_backend;
+    shared_globalStats->buf_alloc += msg->m_buf_alloc;
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -6117,6 +6133,8 @@ pgstat_recv_recoveryconflict(PgStat_MsgRecoveryConflict *msg, int len)
             dbentry->n_conflict_startup_deadlock++;
             break;
     }
+
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -6133,6 +6151,8 @@ pgstat_recv_deadlock(PgStat_MsgDeadlock *msg, int len)
     dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
 
     dbentry->n_deadlocks++;
+
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -6150,6 +6170,8 @@ pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len)
 
     dbentry->n_temp_bytes += msg->m_filesize;
     dbentry->n_temp_files += 1;
+
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -6161,6 +6183,7 @@ pgstat_recv_tempfile(PgStat_MsgTempFile *msg, int len)
 static void
 pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len)
 {
+    dshash_table *t;
     PgStat_FunctionEntry *funcmsg = &(msg->m_entry[0]);
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     PgStat_StatFuncEntry *funcentry;
@@ -6169,14 +6192,14 @@ pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len)
 
     dbentry = pgstat_get_db_entry(msg->m_databaseid, true);
 
+    t = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_funcparams, dbentry->functions, 0);
     /*
      * Process all function entries in the message.
      */
     for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++, funcmsg++)
     {
-        funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-                                                         (void *) &(funcmsg->f_id),
-                                                         HASH_ENTER, &found);
+        funcentry = (PgStat_StatFuncEntry *)
+            dshash_find_or_insert(t, (void *) &(funcmsg->f_id), &found);
 
         if (!found)
         {
@@ -6197,7 +6220,11 @@ pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len)
             funcentry->f_total_time += funcmsg->f_total_time;
             funcentry->f_self_time += funcmsg->f_self_time;
         }
+        dshash_release_lock(t, funcentry);
     }
+
+    dshash_detach(t);
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 /* ----------
@@ -6209,6 +6236,7 @@ pgstat_recv_funcstat(PgStat_MsgFuncstat *msg, int len)
 static void
 pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len)
 {
+    dshash_table *t;
     PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbentry;
     int            i;
 
@@ -6217,60 +6245,20 @@ pgstat_recv_funcpurge(PgStat_MsgFuncpurge *msg, int len)
     /*
      * No need to purge if we don't even know the database.
      */
-    if (!dbentry || !dbentry->functions)
+    if (!dbentry || dbentry->functions == DSM_HANDLE_INVALID)
         return;
 
+    t = dshash_attach(area, &dsh_funcparams, dbentry->functions, 0);
     /*
      * Process all function entries in the message.
      */
     for (i = 0; i < msg->m_nentries; i++)
     {
         /* Remove from hashtable if present; we don't care if it's not. */
-        (void) hash_search(dbentry->functions,
-                           (void *) &(msg->m_functionid[i]),
-                           HASH_REMOVE, NULL);
+        dshash_delete_key(t, (void *) &(msg->m_functionid[i]));
     }
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_write_statsfile_needed() -
- *
- *    Do we need to write out any stats files?
- * ----------
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_write_statsfile_needed(void)
-{
-    if (pending_write_requests != NIL)
-        return true;
-
-    /* Everything was written recently */
-    return false;
-}
-
-/* ----------
- * pgstat_db_requested() -
- *
- *    Checks whether stats for a particular DB need to be written to a file.
- * ----------
- */
-static bool
-pgstat_db_requested(Oid databaseid)
-{
-    /*
-     * If any requests are outstanding at all, we should write the stats for
-     * shared catalogs (the "database" with OID 0).  This ensures that
-     * backends will see up-to-date stats for shared catalogs, even though
-     * they send inquiry messages mentioning only their own DB.
-     */
-    if (databaseid == InvalidOid && pending_write_requests != NIL)
-        return true;
-
-    /* Search to see if there's an open request to write this database. */
-    if (list_member_oid(pending_write_requests, databaseid))
-        return true;
-
-    return false;
+    dshash_detach(t);
+    dshash_release_lock(db_stats, dbentry);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c
index 3f1eae38a9..a517bf62b6 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/basebackup.c
@@ -77,9 +77,6 @@ static bool is_checksummed_file(const char *fullpath, const char *filename);
 /* Was the backup currently in-progress initiated in recovery mode? */
 static bool backup_started_in_recovery = false;
 
-/* Relative path of temporary statistics directory */
-static char *statrelpath = NULL;
-
 /*
  * Size of each block sent into the tar stream for larger files.
  */
@@ -121,13 +118,6 @@ static bool noverify_checksums = false;
  */
 static const char *excludeDirContents[] =
 {
-    /*
-     * Skip temporary statistics files. PG_STAT_TMP_DIR must be skipped even
-     * when stats_temp_directory is set because PGSS_TEXT_FILE is always
-     * created there.
-     */
-    PG_STAT_TMP_DIR,
-
     /*
      * It is generally not useful to backup the contents of this directory
      * even if the intention is to restore to another master. See backup.sgml
@@ -223,11 +213,8 @@ perform_base_backup(basebackup_options *opt)
     TimeLineID    endtli;
     StringInfo    labelfile;
     StringInfo    tblspc_map_file = NULL;
-    int            datadirpathlen;
     List       *tablespaces = NIL;
 
-    datadirpathlen = strlen(DataDir);
-
     backup_started_in_recovery = RecoveryInProgress();
 
     labelfile = makeStringInfo();
@@ -254,18 +241,6 @@ perform_base_backup(basebackup_options *opt)
 
         SendXlogRecPtrResult(startptr, starttli);
 
-        /*
-         * Calculate the relative path of temporary statistics directory in
-         * order to skip the files which are located in that directory later.
-         */
-        if (is_absolute_path(pgstat_stat_directory) &&
-            strncmp(pgstat_stat_directory, DataDir, datadirpathlen) == 0)
-            statrelpath = psprintf("./%s", pgstat_stat_directory + datadirpathlen + 1);
-        else if (strncmp(pgstat_stat_directory, "./", 2) != 0)
-            statrelpath = psprintf("./%s", pgstat_stat_directory);
-        else
-            statrelpath = pgstat_stat_directory;
-
         /* Add a node for the base directory at the end */
         ti = palloc0(sizeof(tablespaceinfo));
         ti->size = opt->progress ? sendDir(".", 1, true, tablespaces, true) : -1;
@@ -1174,17 +1149,6 @@ sendDir(const char *path, int basepathlen, bool sizeonly, List *tablespaces,
         if (excludeFound)
             continue;
 
-        /*
-         * Exclude contents of directory specified by statrelpath if not set
-         * to the default (pg_stat_tmp) which is caught in the loop above.
-         */
-        if (statrelpath != NULL && strcmp(pathbuf, statrelpath) == 0)
-        {
-            elog(DEBUG1, "contents of directory \"%s\" excluded from backup", statrelpath);
-            size += _tarWriteDir(pathbuf, basepathlen, &statbuf, sizeonly);
-            continue;
-        }
-
         /*
          * We can skip pg_wal, the WAL segments need to be fetched from the
          * WAL archive anyway. But include it as an empty directory anyway, so
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
index 0c86a581c0..ee30e8a14f 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/ipc/ipci.c
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(bool makePrivate, int port)
         size = add_size(size, SyncScanShmemSize());
         size = add_size(size, AsyncShmemSize());
         size = add_size(size, BackendRandomShmemSize());
+        size = add_size(size, StatsShmemSize());
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
         size = add_size(size, ShmemBackendArraySize());
 #endif
@@ -270,6 +271,7 @@ CreateSharedMemoryAndSemaphores(bool makePrivate, int port)
     SyncScanShmemInit();
     AsyncShmemInit();
     BackendRandomShmemInit();
+    StatsShmemInit();
 
 #ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
 
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
index a6fda81feb..c46bb8d057 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlock.c
@@ -521,6 +521,9 @@ RegisterLWLockTranches(void)
     LWLockRegisterTranche(LWTRANCHE_TBM, "tbm");
     LWLockRegisterTranche(LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND, "parallel_append");
     LWLockRegisterTranche(LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_HASH_JOIN, "parallel_hash_join");
+    LWLockRegisterTranche(LWTRANCHE_STATS_DSA, "stats table dsa");
+    LWLockRegisterTranche(LWTRANCHE_STATS_DB, "db stats");
+    LWLockRegisterTranche(LWTRANCHE_STATS_FUNC_TABLE, "table/func stats");
 
     /* Register named tranches. */
     for (i = 0; i < NamedLWLockTrancheRequests; i++)
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt
index e6025ecedb..798af9f168 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt
+++ b/src/backend/storage/lmgr/lwlocknames.txt
@@ -50,3 +50,4 @@ OldSnapshotTimeMapLock                42
 BackendRandomLock                    43
 LogicalRepWorkerLock                44
 CLogTruncationLock                    45
+StatsLock                            46
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index 17292e04fe..2f20035523 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -186,7 +186,6 @@ static bool check_autovacuum_max_workers(int *newval, void **extra, GucSource so
 static bool check_autovacuum_work_mem(int *newval, void **extra, GucSource source);
 static bool check_effective_io_concurrency(int *newval, void **extra, GucSource source);
 static void assign_effective_io_concurrency(int newval, void *extra);
-static void assign_pgstat_temp_directory(const char *newval, void *extra);
 static bool check_application_name(char **newval, void **extra, GucSource source);
 static void assign_application_name(const char *newval, void *extra);
 static bool check_cluster_name(char **newval, void **extra, GucSource source);
@@ -3755,17 +3754,6 @@ static struct config_string ConfigureNamesString[] =
         NULL, NULL, NULL
     },
 
-    {
-        {"stats_temp_directory", PGC_SIGHUP, STATS_COLLECTOR,
-            gettext_noop("Writes temporary statistics files to the specified directory."),
-            NULL,
-            GUC_SUPERUSER_ONLY
-        },
-        &pgstat_temp_directory,
-        PG_STAT_TMP_DIR,
-        check_canonical_path, assign_pgstat_temp_directory, NULL
-    },
-
     {
         {"synchronous_standby_names", PGC_SIGHUP, REPLICATION_MASTER,
             gettext_noop("Number of synchronous standbys and list of names of potential synchronous ones."),
@@ -10691,35 +10679,6 @@ assign_effective_io_concurrency(int newval, void *extra)
 #endif                            /* USE_PREFETCH */
 }
 
-static void
-assign_pgstat_temp_directory(const char *newval, void *extra)
-{
-    /* check_canonical_path already canonicalized newval for us */
-    char       *dname;
-    char       *tname;
-    char       *fname;
-
-    /* directory */
-    dname = guc_malloc(ERROR, strlen(newval) + 1);    /* runtime dir */
-    sprintf(dname, "%s", newval);
-
-    /* global stats */
-    tname = guc_malloc(ERROR, strlen(newval) + 12); /* /global.tmp */
-    sprintf(tname, "%s/global.tmp", newval);
-    fname = guc_malloc(ERROR, strlen(newval) + 13); /* /global.stat */
-    sprintf(fname, "%s/global.stat", newval);
-
-    if (pgstat_stat_directory)
-        free(pgstat_stat_directory);
-    pgstat_stat_directory = dname;
-    if (pgstat_stat_tmpname)
-        free(pgstat_stat_tmpname);
-    pgstat_stat_tmpname = tname;
-    if (pgstat_stat_filename)
-        free(pgstat_stat_filename);
-    pgstat_stat_filename = fname;
-}
-
 static bool
 check_application_name(char **newval, void **extra, GucSource source)
 {
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
index 9e39baf466..7aa57bc489 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
@@ -509,7 +509,6 @@
 #track_io_timing = off
 #track_functions = none            # none, pl, all
 #track_activity_query_size = 1024    # (change requires restart)
-#stats_temp_directory = 'pg_stat_tmp'
 
 
 # - Monitoring -
diff --git a/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c b/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
index ae22e7d9fb..0c3b82b455 100644
--- a/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
+++ b/src/bin/initdb/initdb.c
@@ -216,7 +216,6 @@ static const char *const subdirs[] = {
     "pg_replslot",
     "pg_tblspc",
     "pg_stat",
-    "pg_stat_tmp",
     "pg_xact",
     "pg_logical",
     "pg_logical/snapshots",
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl
index 2211d90c6f..e6f4d30658 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl
+++ b/src/bin/pg_basebackup/t/010_pg_basebackup.pl
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ is_deeply(
 
 # Contents of these directories should not be copied.
 foreach my $dirname (
-    qw(pg_dynshmem pg_notify pg_replslot pg_serial pg_snapshots pg_stat_tmp pg_subtrans)
+    qw(pg_dynshmem pg_notify pg_replslot pg_serial pg_snapshots pg_subtrans)
   )
 {
     is_deeply(
diff --git a/src/include/pgstat.h b/src/include/pgstat.h
index e97b25bd72..afc1927250 100644
--- a/src/include/pgstat.h
+++ b/src/include/pgstat.h
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 #include "datatype/timestamp.h"
 #include "fmgr.h"
+#include "lib/dshash.h"
 #include "libpq/pqcomm.h"
 #include "port/atomics.h"
 #include "portability/instr_time.h"
@@ -30,9 +31,6 @@
 #define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_FILENAME        "pg_stat/global.stat"
 #define PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_TMPFILE        "pg_stat/global.tmp"
 
-/* Default directory to store temporary statistics data in */
-#define PG_STAT_TMP_DIR        "pg_stat_tmp"
-
 /* Values for track_functions GUC variable --- order is significant! */
 typedef enum TrackFunctionsLevel
 {
@@ -48,7 +46,6 @@ typedef enum TrackFunctionsLevel
 typedef enum StatMsgType
 {
     PGSTAT_MTYPE_DUMMY,
-    PGSTAT_MTYPE_INQUIRY,
     PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABSTAT,
     PGSTAT_MTYPE_TABPURGE,
     PGSTAT_MTYPE_DROPDB,
@@ -216,35 +213,6 @@ typedef struct PgStat_MsgDummy
     PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
 } PgStat_MsgDummy;
 
-
-/* ----------
- * PgStat_MsgInquiry            Sent by a backend to ask the collector
- *                                to write the stats file(s).
- *
- * Ordinarily, an inquiry message prompts writing of the global stats file,
- * the stats file for shared catalogs, and the stats file for the specified
- * database.  If databaseid is InvalidOid, only the first two are written.
- *
- * New file(s) will be written only if the existing file has a timestamp
- * older than the specified cutoff_time; this prevents duplicated effort
- * when multiple requests arrive at nearly the same time, assuming that
- * backends send requests with cutoff_times a little bit in the past.
- *
- * clock_time should be the requestor's current local time; the collector
- * uses this to check for the system clock going backward, but it has no
- * effect unless that occurs.  We assume clock_time >= cutoff_time, though.
- * ----------
- */
-
-typedef struct PgStat_MsgInquiry
-{
-    PgStat_MsgHdr m_hdr;
-    TimestampTz clock_time;        /* observed local clock time */
-    TimestampTz cutoff_time;    /* minimum acceptable file timestamp */
-    Oid            databaseid;        /* requested DB (InvalidOid => shared only) */
-} PgStat_MsgInquiry;
-
-
 /* ----------
  * PgStat_TableEntry            Per-table info in a MsgTabstat
  * ----------
@@ -539,7 +507,6 @@ typedef union PgStat_Msg
 {
     PgStat_MsgHdr msg_hdr;
     PgStat_MsgDummy msg_dummy;
-    PgStat_MsgInquiry msg_inquiry;
     PgStat_MsgTabstat msg_tabstat;
     PgStat_MsgTabpurge msg_tabpurge;
     PgStat_MsgDropdb msg_dropdb;
@@ -601,10 +568,13 @@ typedef struct PgStat_StatDBEntry
 
     /*
      * tables and functions must be last in the struct, because we don't write
-     * the pointers out to the stats file.
+     * the handles and pointers out to the stats file.
      */
-    HTAB       *tables;
-    HTAB       *functions;
+    dshash_table_handle tables;
+    dshash_table_handle functions;
+    /* for snapshot tables */
+    HTAB *snapshot_tables;
+    HTAB *snapshot_functions;
 } PgStat_StatDBEntry;
 
 
@@ -1213,6 +1183,9 @@ extern PgStat_BackendFunctionEntry *find_funcstat_entry(Oid func_id);
 extern void pgstat_initstats(Relation rel);
 
 extern char *pgstat_clip_activity(const char *raw_activity);
+extern PgStat_StatDBEntry *backend_get_db_entry(Oid dbid, bool oneshot);
+extern HTAB *backend_snapshot_all_db_entries(void);
+extern PgStat_StatTabEntry *backend_get_tab_entry(PgStat_StatDBEntry *dbent, Oid relid, bool oneshot);
 
 /* ----------
  * pgstat_report_wait_start() -
@@ -1352,4 +1325,7 @@ extern PgStat_GlobalStats *pgstat_fetch_global(void);
 /* Main loop */
 extern void PgstatCollectorMain(void) pg_attribute_noreturn();
 
+extern Size StatsShmemSize(void);
+extern void StatsShmemInit(void);
+
 #endif                            /* PGSTAT_H */
diff --git a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
index c21bfe2f66..2cdd10c2fd 100644
--- a/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
+++ b/src/include/storage/lwlock.h
@@ -219,6 +219,9 @@ typedef enum BuiltinTrancheIds
     LWTRANCHE_SHARED_TUPLESTORE,
     LWTRANCHE_TBM,
     LWTRANCHE_PARALLEL_APPEND,
+    LWTRANCHE_STATS_DSA,
+    LWTRANCHE_STATS_DB,
+    LWTRANCHE_STATS_FUNC_TABLE,
     LWTRANCHE_FIRST_USER_DEFINED
 }            BuiltinTrancheIds;
 
-- 
2.16.3

From a780f467b3352b7eff29339d09bdc60325524c41 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horiguchi.kyotaro@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Date: Wed, 4 Jul 2018 11:44:31 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 4/6] Documentation update

Remove all description on pg_stat_tmp directory from documentation.
---
 doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml        |  4 +---
 doc/src/sgml/config.sgml        | 19 -------------------
 doc/src/sgml/func.sgml          |  3 +--
 doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml    |  7 +------
 doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml      |  2 +-
 doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml |  3 +--
 doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml       |  6 ------
 7 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)

diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml
index 3fa5efdd78..31e94c1fe9 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/backup.sgml
@@ -1116,11 +1116,9 @@ SELECT pg_stop_backup();
    <para>
     The contents of the directories <filename>pg_dynshmem/</filename>,
     <filename>pg_notify/</filename>, <filename>pg_serial/</filename>,
-    <filename>pg_snapshots/</filename>, <filename>pg_stat_tmp/</filename>,
+    <filename>pg_snapshots/</filename>,
     and <filename>pg_subtrans/</filename> (but not the directories themselves) can be
     omitted from the backup as they will be initialized on postmaster startup.
-    If <xref linkend="guc-stats-temp-directory"/> is set and is under the data
-    directory then the contents of that directory can also be omitted.
    </para>
 
    <para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
index 5b913f00c1..8430c1a3cb 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
@@ -6081,25 +6081,6 @@ COPY postgres_log FROM '/full/path/to/logfile.csv' WITH csv;
       </listitem>
      </varlistentry>
 
-     <varlistentry id="guc-stats-temp-directory" xreflabel="stats_temp_directory">
-      <term><varname>stats_temp_directory</varname> (<type>string</type>)
-      <indexterm>
-       <primary><varname>stats_temp_directory</varname> configuration parameter</primary>
-      </indexterm>
-      </term>
-      <listitem>
-       <para>
-        Sets the directory to store temporary statistics data in. This can be
-        a path relative to the data directory or an absolute path. The default
-        is <filename>pg_stat_tmp</filename>. Pointing this at a RAM-based
-        file system will decrease physical I/O requirements and can lead to
-        improved performance.
-        This parameter can only be set in the <filename>postgresql.conf</filename>
-        file or on the server command line.
-       </para>
-      </listitem>
-     </varlistentry>
-
      </variablelist>
     </sect2>
 
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
index edc9be92a6..a01f68e99b 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
@@ -15889,8 +15889,7 @@ SELECT * FROM pg_ls_dir('.') WITH ORDINALITY AS t(ls,n);
  PG_VERSION      | 15
  pg_wal          | 16
  pg_hba.conf     | 17
- pg_stat_tmp     | 18
- pg_subtrans     | 19
+ pg_subtrans     | 18
 (19 rows)
 </programlisting>
   </para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
index 0484cfa77a..bd50efcec8 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/monitoring.sgml
@@ -197,12 +197,7 @@ postgres   27093  0.0  0.0  30096  2752 ?        Ss   11:34   0:00 postgres: ser
 
   <para>
    The statistics collector transmits the collected information to other
-   <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> processes through temporary files.
-   These files are stored in the directory named by the
-   <xref linkend="guc-stats-temp-directory"/> parameter,
-   <filename>pg_stat_tmp</filename> by default.
-   For better performance, <varname>stats_temp_directory</varname> can be
-   pointed at a RAM-based file system, decreasing physical I/O requirements.
+   <productname>PostgreSQL</productname> processes through shared memory.
    When the server shuts down cleanly, a permanent copy of the statistics
    data is stored in the <filename>pg_stat</filename> subdirectory, so that
    statistics can be retained across server restarts.  When recovery is
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml
index cfc805f785..4b8ea2a6b8 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/protocol.sgml
@@ -2624,7 +2624,7 @@ The commands accepted in replication mode are:
         <para>
          <filename>pg_dynshmem</filename>, <filename>pg_notify</filename>,
          <filename>pg_replslot</filename>, <filename>pg_serial</filename>,
-         <filename>pg_snapshots</filename>, <filename>pg_stat_tmp</filename>, and
+         <filename>pg_snapshots</filename>, and
          <filename>pg_subtrans</filename> are copied as empty directories (even if
          they are symbolic links).
         </para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml
index e2662bbf81..bf9c5dd580 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/ref/pg_rewind.sgml
@@ -270,8 +270,7 @@ PostgreSQL documentation
       (everything except the relation files). Similarly to base backups,
       the contents of the directories <filename>pg_dynshmem/</filename>,
       <filename>pg_notify/</filename>, <filename>pg_replslot/</filename>,
-      <filename>pg_serial/</filename>, <filename>pg_snapshots/</filename>,
-      <filename>pg_stat_tmp/</filename>, and
+      <filename>pg_serial/</filename>, <filename>pg_snapshots/</filename>, and
       <filename>pg_subtrans/</filename> are omitted from the data copied
       from the source cluster. Any file or directory beginning with
       <filename>pgsql_tmp</filename> is omitted, as well as are
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml
index 8ef2ac8010..5ee7493970 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml
@@ -120,12 +120,6 @@ Item
   subsystem</entry>
 </row>
 
-<row>
- <entry><filename>pg_stat_tmp</filename></entry>
- <entry>Subdirectory containing temporary files for the statistics
-  subsystem</entry>
-</row>
-
 <row>
  <entry><filename>pg_subtrans</filename></entry>
  <entry>Subdirectory containing subtransaction status data</entry>
-- 
2.16.3

From 9c757eeb0b0212909493f540f8aa55116f3fdbc3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horiguchi.kyotaro@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Date: Wed, 4 Jul 2018 10:59:17 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 5/6] Let pg_stat_statements not to use PG_STAT_TMP_DIR.

This patchset removes the definition because pg_stat.c no longer uses
the directory and no other sutable module to pass it over. As a
tentative solution this patch moves query text file into permanent
stats directory. pg_basebackup and pg_rewind are conscious of the
directory. They currently omit the text file but becomes to copy it by
this change.
---
 contrib/pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c | 11 ++++-------
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/contrib/pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c b/contrib/pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c
index cc9efab243..cdff585e76 100644
--- a/contrib/pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c
+++ b/contrib/pg_stat_statements/pg_stat_statements.c
@@ -86,14 +86,11 @@ PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
 #define PGSS_DUMP_FILE    PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY "/pg_stat_statements.stat"
 
 /*
- * Location of external query text file.  We don't keep it in the core
- * system's stats_temp_directory.  The core system can safely use that GUC
- * setting, because the statistics collector temp file paths are set only once
- * as part of changing the GUC, but pg_stat_statements has no way of avoiding
- * race conditions.  Besides, we only expect modest, infrequent I/O for query
- * strings, so placing the file on a faster filesystem is not compelling.
+ * Location of external query text file. We only expect modest, infrequent I/O
+ * for query strings, so placing the file on a faster filesystem is not
+ * compelling.
  */
-#define PGSS_TEXT_FILE    PG_STAT_TMP_DIR "/pgss_query_texts.stat"
+#define PGSS_TEXT_FILE    PGSTAT_STAT_PERMANENT_DIRECTORY "/pgss_query_texts.stat"
 
 /* Magic number identifying the stats file format */
 static const uint32 PGSS_FILE_HEADER = 0x20171004;
-- 
2.16.3

From 3f3bff14680fd752268719540c45c5fad4150fd6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Kyotaro Horiguchi <horiguchi.kyotaro@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Date: Wed, 4 Jul 2018 11:46:43 +0900
Subject: [PATCH 6/6] Remove pg_stat_tmp exclusion from pg_rewind

The directory "pg_stat_tmp" no longer exists so remove it from the
exclusion list.
---
 src/bin/pg_rewind/filemap.c | 7 -------
 1 file changed, 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/bin/pg_rewind/filemap.c b/src/bin/pg_rewind/filemap.c
index 8f49d34652..a849e62558 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_rewind/filemap.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_rewind/filemap.c
@@ -43,13 +43,6 @@ static bool check_file_excluded(const char *path, const char *type);
  */
 static const char *excludeDirContents[] =
 {
-    /*
-     * Skip temporary statistics files. PG_STAT_TMP_DIR must be skipped even
-     * when stats_temp_directory is set because PGSS_TEXT_FILE is always
-     * created there.
-     */
-    "pg_stat_tmp",                /* defined as PG_STAT_TMP_DIR */
-
     /*
      * It is generally not useful to backup the contents of this directory
      * even if the intention is to restore to another master. See backup.sgml
-- 
2.16.3


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