Symbolic names for the values of typalign and typstorage

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От Tom Lane
Тема Symbolic names for the values of typalign and typstorage
Дата
Msg-id 16457.1583189537@sss.pgh.pa.us
обсуждение исходный текст
Ответы Re: Symbolic names for the values of typalign and typstorage  (Alvaro Herrera <alvherre@2ndquadrant.com>)
Re: Symbolic names for the values of typalign and typstorage  (Andres Freund <andres@anarazel.de>)
Список pgsql-hackers
While looking at Tomas' ALTER TYPE patch, I got annoyed by the fact
that all of the backend writes constants of type alignment and type
storage values as literal characters, such as 'i' and 'x'.  This is
not our style for most other "poor man's enum" catalog columns, and
it makes it really hard to grep for relevant code.  Hence, attached
is a proposed patch to invent #define names for those values.

As is our custom for other similar catalog columns, I only used the
macros in C code.  There are some references in SQL code too,
particularly in the regression tests, but the difficulty of replacing
symbolic references in SQL code seems more than it's worth to fix.

One thing that I'm not totally happy about, as this stands, is that
we have to #include "catalog/pg_type.h" in various places we did
not need to before (although only a fraction of the files I touched
need that).  Part of the issue is that I used the TYPALIGN_XXX
macros in tupmacs.h, but did not #include pg_type.h there because
I was concerned about macro inclusion bloat.  Plausible alternatives
to the way I did it here include

* just bite the bullet and #include pg_type.h in tupmacs.h;

* keep using the hard-coded values in tupmacs.h (with a comment
as to why);

* put the TYPALIGN_XXX #defines somewhere else (not clear where,
but there might be a case for postgres.h, since so much of the
backend has some interest in alignment).

Thoughts?  Anybody want to say that this is more code churn
than it's worth?

            regards, tom lane

diff --git a/contrib/hstore/hstore_gin.c b/contrib/hstore/hstore_gin.c
index 4c3a422..9085302 100644
--- a/contrib/hstore/hstore_gin.c
+++ b/contrib/hstore/hstore_gin.c
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ gin_extract_hstore_query(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         text       *item;

         deconstruct_array(query,
-                          TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                          TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

         entries = (Datum *) palloc(sizeof(Datum) * key_count);
diff --git a/contrib/hstore/hstore_gist.c b/contrib/hstore/hstore_gist.c
index e860f1e..d198c4b 100644
--- a/contrib/hstore/hstore_gist.c
+++ b/contrib/hstore/hstore_gist.c
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ ghstore_consistent(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         int            i;

         deconstruct_array(query,
-                          TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                          TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

         for (i = 0; res && i < key_count; ++i)
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ ghstore_consistent(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         int            i;

         deconstruct_array(query,
-                          TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                          TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

         res = false;
diff --git a/contrib/hstore/hstore_io.c b/contrib/hstore/hstore_io.c
index f3174f2..60bdbea 100644
--- a/contrib/hstore/hstore_io.c
+++ b/contrib/hstore/hstore_io.c
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ hstore_from_arrays(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                  errmsg("wrong number of array subscripts")));

     deconstruct_array(key_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

     /* see discussion in hstoreArrayToPairs() */
@@ -599,7 +599,7 @@ hstore_from_arrays(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                      errmsg("arrays must have same bounds")));

         deconstruct_array(value_array,
-                          TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                          TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &value_datums, &value_nulls, &value_count);

         Assert(key_count == value_count);
@@ -689,7 +689,7 @@ hstore_from_array(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     }

     deconstruct_array(in_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &in_datums, &in_nulls, &in_count);

     count = in_count / 2;
diff --git a/contrib/hstore/hstore_op.c b/contrib/hstore/hstore_op.c
index fb1bb06..dd79d01 100644
--- a/contrib/hstore/hstore_op.c
+++ b/contrib/hstore/hstore_op.c
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ hstoreArrayToPairs(ArrayType *a, int *npairs)
                 j;

     deconstruct_array(a,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

     if (key_count == 0)
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ hstore_slice_to_array(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     int            i;

     deconstruct_array(key_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

     if (key_count == 0)
@@ -623,7 +623,7 @@ hstore_slice_to_array(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                               ARR_NDIM(key_array),
                               ARR_DIMS(key_array),
                               ARR_LBOUND(key_array),
-                              TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+                              TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

     PG_RETURN_POINTER(aout);
 }
@@ -720,7 +720,7 @@ hstore_akeys(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     }

     a = construct_array(d, count,
-                        TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+                        TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

     PG_RETURN_POINTER(a);
 }
@@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ hstore_avals(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     }

     a = construct_md_array(d, nulls, 1, &count, &lb,
-                           TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+                           TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

     PG_RETURN_POINTER(a);
 }
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ hstore_to_array_internal(HStore *hs, int ndims)

     return construct_md_array(out_datums, out_nulls,
                               ndims, out_size, lb,
-                              TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+                              TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);
 }

 PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(hstore_to_array);
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/btreefuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/btreefuncs.c
index 2ddedef..dffb3e1 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/btreefuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/btreefuncs.c
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ bt_page_print_tuples(FuncCallContext *fctx, struct user_args *uargs)
                                                       nposting,
                                                       TIDOID,
                                                       sizeof(ItemPointerData),
-                                                      false, 's'));
+                                                      false, TYPALIGN_SHORT));
         pfree(tids_datum);
     }
     else
diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/ginfuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/ginfuncs.c
index 9b1d41c..7e2cafa 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/ginfuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/ginfuncs.c
@@ -144,7 +144,8 @@ gin_page_opaque_info(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     values[0] = Int64GetDatum(opaq->rightlink);
     values[1] = Int32GetDatum(opaq->maxoff);
     values[2] = PointerGetDatum(construct_array(flags, nflags,
-                                                TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i'));
+                                                TEXTOID,
+                                                -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT));

     /* Build and return the result tuple. */
     resultTuple = heap_form_tuple(tupdesc, values, nulls);
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@ gin_leafpage_items(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                                                     ndecoded,
                                                     TIDOID,
                                                     sizeof(ItemPointerData),
-                                                    false, 's'));
+                                                    false, TYPALIGN_SHORT));
         pfree(tids_datum);
         pfree(tids);

diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/hashfuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/hashfuncs.c
index effc80f..ab95c35 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/hashfuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/hashfuncs.c
@@ -560,14 +560,14 @@ hash_metapage_info(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     values[j++] = PointerGetDatum(construct_array(spares,
                                                   HASH_MAX_SPLITPOINTS,
                                                   INT8OID,
-                                                  8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd'));
+                                                  8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE));

     for (i = 0; i < HASH_MAX_BITMAPS; i++)
         mapp[i] = Int64GetDatum((int64) metad->hashm_mapp[i]);
     values[j++] = PointerGetDatum(construct_array(mapp,
                                                   HASH_MAX_BITMAPS,
                                                   INT8OID,
-                                                  8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd'));
+                                                  8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE));

     tuple = heap_form_tuple(tupleDesc, values, nulls);

diff --git a/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c b/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c
index 20b4d32..11a9101 100644
--- a/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c
+++ b/contrib/pageinspect/heapfuncs.c
@@ -589,7 +589,7 @@ heap_tuple_infomask_flags(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

     /* build value */
     Assert(cnt <= bitcnt);
-    a = construct_array(flags, cnt, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+    a = construct_array(flags, cnt, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);
     values[0] = PointerGetDatum(a);

     /*
@@ -611,7 +611,7 @@ heap_tuple_infomask_flags(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     if (cnt == 0)
         a = construct_empty_array(TEXTOID);
     else
-        a = construct_array(flags, cnt, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+        a = construct_array(flags, cnt, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);
     pfree(flags);
     values[1] = PointerGetDatum(a);

diff --git a/contrib/pg_trgm/trgm_op.c b/contrib/pg_trgm/trgm_op.c
index 0670095..fb38135 100644
--- a/contrib/pg_trgm/trgm_op.c
+++ b/contrib/pg_trgm/trgm_op.c
@@ -980,7 +980,7 @@ show_trgm(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                         TEXTOID,
                         -1,
                         false,
-                        'i');
+                        TYPALIGN_INT);

     for (i = 0; i < ARRNELEM(trg); i++)
         pfree(DatumGetPointer(d[i]));
diff --git a/contrib/pgcrypto/pgp-pgsql.c b/contrib/pgcrypto/pgp-pgsql.c
index 8be895d..62a2f35 100644
--- a/contrib/pgcrypto/pgp-pgsql.c
+++ b/contrib/pgcrypto/pgp-pgsql.c
@@ -787,11 +787,11 @@ parse_key_value_arrays(ArrayType *key_array, ArrayType *val_array,
         return 0;

     deconstruct_array(key_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

     deconstruct_array(val_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &val_datums, &val_nulls, &val_count);

     if (key_count != val_count)
diff --git a/src/backend/access/brin/brin_tuple.c b/src/backend/access/brin/brin_tuple.c
index 6cb7c26..e1b801f 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/brin/brin_tuple.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/brin/brin_tuple.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 #include "access/htup_details.h"
 #include "access/tupdesc.h"
 #include "access/tupmacs.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "utils/datum.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"

diff --git a/src/backend/access/common/heaptuple.c b/src/backend/access/common/heaptuple.c
index b7c864c..4412b1d 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/common/heaptuple.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/common/heaptuple.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
  * that have been put into a tuple but never sent to disk.  Hopefully there
  * are few such places.
  *
- * Varlenas still have alignment 'i' (or 'd') in pg_type/pg_attribute, since
+ * Varlenas still have alignment INT (or DOUBLE) in pg_type/pg_attribute, since
  * that's the normal requirement for the untoasted format.  But we ignore that
  * for the 1-byte-header format.  This means that the actual start position
  * of a varlena datum may vary depending on which format it has.  To determine
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
  * catalog, this is now risky: it's only safe if the preceding field is
  * word-aligned, so that there will never be any padding.
  *
- * We don't pack varlenas whose attstorage is 'p', since the data type
+ * We don't pack varlenas whose attstorage is PLAIN, since the data type
  * isn't expecting to have to detoast values.  This is used in particular
  * by oidvector and int2vector, which are used in the system catalogs
  * and we'd like to still refer to them via C struct offsets.
@@ -60,16 +60,17 @@
 #include "access/heaptoast.h"
 #include "access/sysattr.h"
 #include "access/tupdesc_details.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "executor/tuptable.h"
 #include "utils/expandeddatum.h"


 /* Does att's datatype allow packing into the 1-byte-header varlena format? */
 #define ATT_IS_PACKABLE(att) \
-    ((att)->attlen == -1 && (att)->attstorage != 'p')
+    ((att)->attlen == -1 && (att)->attstorage != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)
 /* Use this if it's already known varlena */
 #define VARLENA_ATT_IS_PACKABLE(att) \
-    ((att)->attstorage != 'p')
+    ((att)->attstorage != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)


 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -274,7 +275,7 @@ fill_val(Form_pg_attribute att,
     {
         /* cstring ... never needs alignment */
         *infomask |= HEAP_HASVARWIDTH;
-        Assert(att->attalign == 'c');
+        Assert(att->attalign == TYPALIGN_CHAR);
         data_length = strlen(DatumGetCString(datum)) + 1;
         memcpy(data, DatumGetPointer(datum), data_length);
     }
diff --git a/src/backend/access/common/indextuple.c b/src/backend/access/common/indextuple.c
index bfc8b15..14870d1 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/common/indextuple.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/common/indextuple.c
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 #include "access/htup_details.h"
 #include "access/itup.h"
 #include "access/toast_internals.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
+

 /*
  * This enables de-toasting of index entries.  Needed until VACUUM is
@@ -100,7 +102,8 @@ index_form_tuple(TupleDesc tupleDescriptor,
          */
         if (!VARATT_IS_EXTENDED(DatumGetPointer(untoasted_values[i])) &&
             VARSIZE(DatumGetPointer(untoasted_values[i])) > TOAST_INDEX_TARGET &&
-            (att->attstorage == 'x' || att->attstorage == 'm'))
+            (att->attstorage == TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED ||
+             att->attstorage == TYPSTORAGE_MAIN))
         {
             Datum        cvalue = toast_compress_datum(untoasted_values[i]);

diff --git a/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c b/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c
index 5325dd3..c3d45c7 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/common/reloptions.c
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ transformRelOptions(Datum oldOptions, List *defList, const char *namspace,
         int            noldoptions;
         int            i;

-        deconstruct_array(array, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(array, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &oldoptions, NULL, &noldoptions);

         for (i = 0; i < noldoptions; i++)
@@ -1060,7 +1060,7 @@ untransformRelOptions(Datum options)

     array = DatumGetArrayTypeP(options);

-    deconstruct_array(array, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(array, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &optiondatums, NULL, &noptions);

     for (i = 0; i < noptions; i++)
@@ -1201,7 +1201,7 @@ parseRelOptions(Datum options, bool validate, relopt_kind kind,
         Datum       *optiondatums;
         int            noptions;

-        deconstruct_array(array, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(array, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &optiondatums, NULL, &noptions);

         for (i = 0; i < noptions; i++)
diff --git a/src/backend/access/common/tupdesc.c b/src/backend/access/common/tupdesc.c
index 2883551..1e743d7 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/common/tupdesc.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/common/tupdesc.c
@@ -725,32 +725,32 @@ TupleDescInitBuiltinEntry(TupleDesc desc,
         case TEXTARRAYOID:
             att->attlen = -1;
             att->attbyval = false;
-            att->attalign = 'i';
-            att->attstorage = 'x';
+            att->attalign = TYPALIGN_INT;
+            att->attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED;
             att->attcollation = DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID;
             break;

         case BOOLOID:
             att->attlen = 1;
             att->attbyval = true;
-            att->attalign = 'c';
-            att->attstorage = 'p';
+            att->attalign = TYPALIGN_CHAR;
+            att->attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;
             att->attcollation = InvalidOid;
             break;

         case INT4OID:
             att->attlen = 4;
             att->attbyval = true;
-            att->attalign = 'i';
-            att->attstorage = 'p';
+            att->attalign = TYPALIGN_INT;
+            att->attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;
             att->attcollation = InvalidOid;
             break;

         case INT8OID:
             att->attlen = 8;
             att->attbyval = FLOAT8PASSBYVAL;
-            att->attalign = 'd';
-            att->attstorage = 'p';
+            att->attalign = TYPALIGN_DOUBLE;
+            att->attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;
             att->attcollation = InvalidOid;
             break;

diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c b/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
index 3fa4b76..da46afb 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/heapam_handler.c
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include "access/xact.h"
 #include "catalog/catalog.h"
 #include "catalog/index.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "catalog/storage.h"
 #include "catalog/storage_xlog.h"
 #include "commands/progress.h"
@@ -2023,7 +2024,7 @@ heapam_relation_needs_toast_table(Relation rel)
                 maxlength_unknown = true;
             else
                 data_length += maxlen;
-            if (att->attstorage != 'p')
+            if (att->attstorage != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)
                 has_toastable_attrs = true;
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/heaptoast.c b/src/backend/access/heap/heaptoast.c
index a6631f9..a3e23d8 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/heaptoast.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/heaptoast.c
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 #include "access/heaptoast.h"
 #include "access/toast_helper.h"
 #include "access/toast_internals.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "utils/fmgroids.h"


@@ -159,11 +160,12 @@ heap_toast_insert_or_update(Relation rel, HeapTuple newtup, HeapTuple oldtup,
     /* ----------
      * Compress and/or save external until data fits into target length
      *
-     *    1: Inline compress attributes with attstorage 'x', and store very
-     *       large attributes with attstorage 'x' or 'e' external immediately
-     *    2: Store attributes with attstorage 'x' or 'e' external
-     *    3: Inline compress attributes with attstorage 'm'
-     *    4: Store attributes with attstorage 'm' external
+     *    1: Inline compress attributes with attstorage EXTENDED, and store very
+     *       large attributes with attstorage EXTENDED or EXTERNAL external
+     *       immediately
+     *    2: Store attributes with attstorage EXTENDED or EXTERNAL external
+     *    3: Inline compress attributes with attstorage MAIN
+     *    4: Store attributes with attstorage MAIN external
      * ----------
      */

@@ -176,8 +178,9 @@ heap_toast_insert_or_update(Relation rel, HeapTuple newtup, HeapTuple oldtup,
     maxDataLen = RelationGetToastTupleTarget(rel, TOAST_TUPLE_TARGET) - hoff;

     /*
-     * Look for attributes with attstorage 'x' to compress.  Also find large
-     * attributes with attstorage 'x' or 'e', and store them external.
+     * Look for attributes with attstorage EXTENDED to compress.  Also find
+     * large attributes with attstorage EXTENDED or EXTERNAL, and store them
+     * external.
      */
     while (heap_compute_data_size(tupleDesc,
                                   toast_values, toast_isnull) > maxDataLen)
@@ -189,13 +192,13 @@ heap_toast_insert_or_update(Relation rel, HeapTuple newtup, HeapTuple oldtup,
             break;

         /*
-         * Attempt to compress it inline, if it has attstorage 'x'
+         * Attempt to compress it inline, if it has attstorage EXTENDED
          */
-        if (TupleDescAttr(tupleDesc, biggest_attno)->attstorage == 'x')
+        if (TupleDescAttr(tupleDesc, biggest_attno)->attstorage == TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED)
             toast_tuple_try_compression(&ttc, biggest_attno);
         else
         {
-            /* has attstorage 'e', ignore on subsequent compression passes */
+            /* has attstorage EXTERNAL, ignore on subsequent compression passes */
             toast_attr[biggest_attno].tai_colflags |= TOASTCOL_INCOMPRESSIBLE;
         }

@@ -213,7 +216,7 @@ heap_toast_insert_or_update(Relation rel, HeapTuple newtup, HeapTuple oldtup,
     }

     /*
-     * Second we look for attributes of attstorage 'x' or 'e' that are still
+     * Second we look for attributes of attstorage EXTENDED or EXTERNAL that are still
      * inline, and make them external.  But skip this if there's no toast
      * table to push them to.
      */
@@ -230,7 +233,7 @@ heap_toast_insert_or_update(Relation rel, HeapTuple newtup, HeapTuple oldtup,
     }

     /*
-     * Round 3 - this time we take attributes with storage 'm' into
+     * Round 3 - this time we take attributes with storage MAIN into
      * compression
      */
     while (heap_compute_data_size(tupleDesc,
@@ -246,8 +249,8 @@ heap_toast_insert_or_update(Relation rel, HeapTuple newtup, HeapTuple oldtup,
     }

     /*
-     * Finally we store attributes of type 'm' externally.  At this point we
-     * increase the target tuple size, so that 'm' attributes aren't stored
+     * Finally we store attributes of type MAIN externally.  At this point we
+     * increase the target tuple size, so that MAIN attributes aren't stored
      * externally unless really necessary.
      */
     maxDataLen = TOAST_TUPLE_TARGET_MAIN - hoff;
diff --git a/src/backend/access/table/toast_helper.c b/src/backend/access/table/toast_helper.c
index a324865..a2cba5e 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/table/toast_helper.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/table/toast_helper.c
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2000-2020, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *      src/backend/access/common/toast_helper.c
+ *      src/backend/access/table/toast_helper.c
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 #include "access/table.h"
 #include "access/toast_helper.h"
 #include "access/toast_internals.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
+

 /*
  * Prepare to TOAST a tuple.
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ toast_tuple_init(ToastTupleContext *ttc)
             /*
              * If the table's attribute says PLAIN always, force it so.
              */
-            if (att->attstorage == 'p')
+            if (att->attstorage == TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)
                 ttc->ttc_attr[i].tai_colflags |= TOASTCOL_IGNORE;

             /*
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ toast_tuple_init(ToastTupleContext *ttc)
             if (VARATT_IS_EXTERNAL(new_value))
             {
                 ttc->ttc_attr[i].tai_oldexternal = new_value;
-                if (att->attstorage == 'p')
+                if (att->attstorage == TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)
                     new_value = detoast_attr(new_value);
                 else
                     new_value = detoast_external_attr(new_value);
@@ -165,8 +167,8 @@ toast_tuple_init(ToastTupleContext *ttc)
  * for_compression flag is passed as true, it must also not be marked
  * TOASTCOL_INCOMPRESSIBLE.
  *
- * The column must have attstorage 'e' or 'x' if check_main is false, and
- * must have attstorage 'm' if check_main is true.
+ * The column must have attstorage EXTERNAL or EXTENDED if check_main is
+ * false, and must have attstorage MAIN if check_main is true.
  *
  * The column must have a minimum size of MAXALIGN(TOAST_POINTER_SIZE);
  * if not, no benefit is to be expected by compressing it.
@@ -195,13 +197,14 @@ toast_tuple_find_biggest_attribute(ToastTupleContext *ttc,
         if ((ttc->ttc_attr[i].tai_colflags & skip_colflags) != 0)
             continue;
         if (VARATT_IS_EXTERNAL(DatumGetPointer(ttc->ttc_values[i])))
-            continue;            /* can't happen, toast_action would be 'p' */
+            continue;            /* can't happen, toast_action would be PLAIN */
         if (for_compression &&
             VARATT_IS_COMPRESSED(DatumGetPointer(ttc->ttc_values[i])))
             continue;
-        if (check_main && att->attstorage != 'm')
+        if (check_main && att->attstorage != TYPSTORAGE_MAIN)
             continue;
-        if (!check_main && att->attstorage != 'x' && att->attstorage != 'e')
+        if (!check_main && att->attstorage != TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED &&
+            att->attstorage != TYPSTORAGE_EXTERNAL)
             continue;

         if (ttc->ttc_attr[i].tai_size > biggest_size)
diff --git a/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c b/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
index bfc629c..657b18e 100644
--- a/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
+++ b/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
@@ -101,55 +101,55 @@ struct typinfo
 };

 static const struct typinfo TypInfo[] = {
-    {"bool", BOOLOID, 0, 1, true, 'c', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"bool", BOOLOID, 0, 1, true, TYPALIGN_CHAR, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_BOOLIN, F_BOOLOUT},
-    {"bytea", BYTEAOID, 0, -1, false, 'i', 'x', InvalidOid,
+    {"bytea", BYTEAOID, 0, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
     F_BYTEAIN, F_BYTEAOUT},
-    {"char", CHAROID, 0, 1, true, 'c', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"char", CHAROID, 0, 1, true, TYPALIGN_CHAR, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_CHARIN, F_CHAROUT},
-    {"int2", INT2OID, 0, 2, true, 's', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"int2", INT2OID, 0, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_INT2IN, F_INT2OUT},
-    {"int4", INT4OID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"int4", INT4OID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_INT4IN, F_INT4OUT},
-    {"float4", FLOAT4OID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"float4", FLOAT4OID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_FLOAT4IN, F_FLOAT4OUT},
-    {"name", NAMEOID, CHAROID, NAMEDATALEN, false, 'c', 'p', C_COLLATION_OID,
+    {"name", NAMEOID, CHAROID, NAMEDATALEN, false, TYPALIGN_CHAR, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, C_COLLATION_OID,
     F_NAMEIN, F_NAMEOUT},
-    {"regclass", REGCLASSOID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"regclass", REGCLASSOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_REGCLASSIN, F_REGCLASSOUT},
-    {"regproc", REGPROCOID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"regproc", REGPROCOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_REGPROCIN, F_REGPROCOUT},
-    {"regtype", REGTYPEOID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"regtype", REGTYPEOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_REGTYPEIN, F_REGTYPEOUT},
-    {"regrole", REGROLEOID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"regrole", REGROLEOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_REGROLEIN, F_REGROLEOUT},
-    {"regnamespace", REGNAMESPACEOID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"regnamespace", REGNAMESPACEOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_REGNAMESPACEIN, F_REGNAMESPACEOUT},
-    {"text", TEXTOID, 0, -1, false, 'i', 'x', DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
+    {"text", TEXTOID, 0, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
     F_TEXTIN, F_TEXTOUT},
-    {"oid", OIDOID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"oid", OIDOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_OIDIN, F_OIDOUT},
-    {"tid", TIDOID, 0, 6, false, 's', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"tid", TIDOID, 0, 6, false, TYPALIGN_SHORT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_TIDIN, F_TIDOUT},
-    {"xid", XIDOID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"xid", XIDOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_XIDIN, F_XIDOUT},
-    {"cid", CIDOID, 0, 4, true, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"cid", CIDOID, 0, 4, true, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_CIDIN, F_CIDOUT},
-    {"pg_node_tree", PGNODETREEOID, 0, -1, false, 'i', 'x', DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
+    {"pg_node_tree", PGNODETREEOID, 0, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
     F_PG_NODE_TREE_IN, F_PG_NODE_TREE_OUT},
-    {"int2vector", INT2VECTOROID, INT2OID, -1, false, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"int2vector", INT2VECTOROID, INT2OID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_INT2VECTORIN, F_INT2VECTOROUT},
-    {"oidvector", OIDVECTOROID, OIDOID, -1, false, 'i', 'p', InvalidOid,
+    {"oidvector", OIDVECTOROID, OIDOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN, InvalidOid,
     F_OIDVECTORIN, F_OIDVECTOROUT},
-    {"_int4", INT4ARRAYOID, INT4OID, -1, false, 'i', 'x', InvalidOid,
+    {"_int4", INT4ARRAYOID, INT4OID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
     F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT},
-    {"_text", 1009, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i', 'x', DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
+    {"_text", 1009, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID,
     F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT},
-    {"_oid", 1028, OIDOID, -1, false, 'i', 'x', InvalidOid,
+    {"_oid", 1028, OIDOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
     F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT},
-    {"_char", 1002, CHAROID, -1, false, 'i', 'x', InvalidOid,
+    {"_char", 1002, CHAROID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
     F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT},
-    {"_aclitem", 1034, ACLITEMOID, -1, false, 'i', 'x', InvalidOid,
+    {"_aclitem", 1034, ACLITEMOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED, InvalidOid,
     F_ARRAY_IN, F_ARRAY_OUT}
 };

diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
index e31478b..ac8c9e9 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
@@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ static const FormData_pg_attribute a1 = {
     .attcacheoff = -1,
     .atttypmod = -1,
     .attbyval = false,
-    .attstorage = 'p',
-    .attalign = 's',
+    .attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN,
+    .attalign = TYPALIGN_SHORT,
     .attnotnull = true,
     .attislocal = true,
 };
@@ -170,8 +170,8 @@ static const FormData_pg_attribute a2 = {
     .attcacheoff = -1,
     .atttypmod = -1,
     .attbyval = true,
-    .attstorage = 'p',
-    .attalign = 'i',
+    .attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN,
+    .attalign = TYPALIGN_INT,
     .attnotnull = true,
     .attislocal = true,
 };
@@ -184,8 +184,8 @@ static const FormData_pg_attribute a3 = {
     .attcacheoff = -1,
     .atttypmod = -1,
     .attbyval = true,
-    .attstorage = 'p',
-    .attalign = 'i',
+    .attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN,
+    .attalign = TYPALIGN_INT,
     .attnotnull = true,
     .attislocal = true,
 };
@@ -198,8 +198,8 @@ static const FormData_pg_attribute a4 = {
     .attcacheoff = -1,
     .atttypmod = -1,
     .attbyval = true,
-    .attstorage = 'p',
-    .attalign = 'i',
+    .attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN,
+    .attalign = TYPALIGN_INT,
     .attnotnull = true,
     .attislocal = true,
 };
@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ static const FormData_pg_attribute a5 = {
     .attcacheoff = -1,
     .atttypmod = -1,
     .attbyval = true,
-    .attstorage = 'p',
-    .attalign = 'i',
+    .attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN,
+    .attalign = TYPALIGN_INT,
     .attnotnull = true,
     .attislocal = true,
 };
@@ -232,8 +232,8 @@ static const FormData_pg_attribute a6 = {
     .attcacheoff = -1,
     .atttypmod = -1,
     .attbyval = true,
-    .attstorage = 'p',
-    .attalign = 'i',
+    .attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN,
+    .attalign = TYPALIGN_INT,
     .attnotnull = true,
     .attislocal = true,
 };
@@ -1053,8 +1053,8 @@ AddNewRelationType(const char *typeName,
                    NULL,        /* default value - none */
                    NULL,        /* default binary representation */
                    false,        /* passed by reference */
-                   'd',            /* alignment - must be the largest! */
-                   'x',            /* fully TOASTable */
+                   TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,            /* alignment - must be the largest! */
+                   TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED,            /* fully TOASTable */
                    -1,            /* typmod */
                    0,            /* array dimensions for typBaseType */
                    false,        /* Type NOT NULL */
@@ -1334,8 +1334,8 @@ heap_create_with_catalog(const char *relname,
                    NULL,        /* default value - none */
                    NULL,        /* default binary representation */
                    false,        /* passed by reference */
-                   'd',            /* alignment - must be the largest! */
-                   'x',            /* fully TOASTable */
+                   TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,            /* alignment - must be the largest! */
+                   TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED,            /* fully TOASTable */
                    -1,            /* typmod */
                    0,            /* array dimensions for typBaseType */
                    false,        /* Type NOT NULL */
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/objectaddress.c b/src/backend/catalog/objectaddress.c
index 93b9043..d0b5de4 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/objectaddress.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/objectaddress.c
@@ -1967,7 +1967,7 @@ textarray_to_strvaluelist(ArrayType *arr)
     List       *list = NIL;
     int            i;

-    deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &elems, &nulls, &nelems);

     for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
@@ -2024,7 +2024,7 @@ pg_get_object_address(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         bool       *nulls;
         int            nelems;

-        deconstruct_array(namearr, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(namearr, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &elems, &nulls, &nelems);
         if (nelems != 1)
             ereport(ERROR,
@@ -2042,7 +2042,7 @@ pg_get_object_address(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         bool       *nulls;
         int            nelems;

-        deconstruct_array(namearr, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(namearr, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &elems, &nulls, &nelems);
         if (nelems != 1)
             ereport(ERROR,
@@ -2081,7 +2081,7 @@ pg_get_object_address(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         int            nelems;
         int            i;

-        deconstruct_array(argsarr, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(argsarr, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &elems, &nulls, &nelems);

         args = NIL;
@@ -5333,7 +5333,7 @@ strlist_to_textarray(List *list)

     lb[0] = 1;
     arr = construct_md_array(datums, nulls, 1, &j,
-                             lb, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+                             lb, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

     MemoryContextDelete(memcxt);

diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
index 3d2b1cc..90932be 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_constraint.c
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName,
         for (i = 0; i < constraintNKeys; i++)
             conkey[i] = Int16GetDatum(constraintKey[i]);
         conkeyArray = construct_array(conkey, constraintNKeys,
-                                      INT2OID, 2, true, 's');
+                                      INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT);
     }
     else
         conkeyArray = NULL;
@@ -121,19 +121,19 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName,
         for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++)
             fkdatums[i] = Int16GetDatum(foreignKey[i]);
         confkeyArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys,
-                                       INT2OID, 2, true, 's');
+                                       INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT);
         for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++)
             fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(pfEqOp[i]);
         conpfeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys,
-                                         OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                                         OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);
         for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++)
             fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(ppEqOp[i]);
         conppeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys,
-                                         OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                                         OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);
         for (i = 0; i < foreignNKeys; i++)
             fkdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(ffEqOp[i]);
         conffeqopArray = construct_array(fkdatums, foreignNKeys,
-                                         OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                                         OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ CreateConstraintEntry(const char *constraintName,
         for (i = 0; i < constraintNKeys; i++)
             opdatums[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(exclOp[i]);
         conexclopArray = construct_array(opdatums, constraintNKeys,
-                                         OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                                         OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);
     }
     else
         conexclopArray = NULL;
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
index 5194dca..423fd79 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_proc.c
@@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ oid_array_to_list(Datum datum)

     deconstruct_array(array,
                       OIDOID,
-                      sizeof(Oid), true, 'i',
+                      sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &values, NULL, &nelems);
     for (i = 0; i < nelems; i++)
         result = lappend_oid(result, values[i]);
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_subscription.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_subscription.c
index f77a83b..cb15731 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_subscription.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_subscription.c
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ textarray_to_stringlist(ArrayType *textarray)
     List       *res = NIL;

     deconstruct_array(textarray,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &elems, NULL, &nelems);

     if (nelems == 0)
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c b/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c
index 8d7572d..56e0bcf 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/pg_type.c
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ TypeShellMake(const char *typeName, Oid typeNamespace, Oid ownerId)
     values[Anum_pg_type_typmodin - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(InvalidOid);
     values[Anum_pg_type_typmodout - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(InvalidOid);
     values[Anum_pg_type_typanalyze - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(InvalidOid);
-    values[Anum_pg_type_typalign - 1] = CharGetDatum('i');
-    values[Anum_pg_type_typstorage - 1] = CharGetDatum('p');
+    values[Anum_pg_type_typalign - 1] = CharGetDatum(TYPALIGN_INT);
+    values[Anum_pg_type_typstorage - 1] = CharGetDatum(TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN);
     values[Anum_pg_type_typnotnull - 1] = BoolGetDatum(false);
     values[Anum_pg_type_typbasetype - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(InvalidOid);
     values[Anum_pg_type_typtypmod - 1] = Int32GetDatum(-1);
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ TypeCreate(Oid newTypeOid,
          */
         if (internalSize == (int16) sizeof(char))
         {
-            if (alignment != 'c')
+            if (alignment != TYPALIGN_CHAR)
                 ereport(ERROR,
                         (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
                          errmsg("alignment \"%c\" is invalid for passed-by-value type of size %d",
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ TypeCreate(Oid newTypeOid,
         }
         else if (internalSize == (int16) sizeof(int16))
         {
-            if (alignment != 's')
+            if (alignment != TYPALIGN_SHORT)
                 ereport(ERROR,
                         (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
                          errmsg("alignment \"%c\" is invalid for passed-by-value type of size %d",
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ TypeCreate(Oid newTypeOid,
         }
         else if (internalSize == (int16) sizeof(int32))
         {
-            if (alignment != 'i')
+            if (alignment != TYPALIGN_INT)
                 ereport(ERROR,
                         (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
                          errmsg("alignment \"%c\" is invalid for passed-by-value type of size %d",
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ TypeCreate(Oid newTypeOid,
 #if SIZEOF_DATUM == 8
         else if (internalSize == (int16) sizeof(Datum))
         {
-            if (alignment != 'd')
+            if (alignment != TYPALIGN_DOUBLE)
                 ereport(ERROR,
                         (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
                          errmsg("alignment \"%c\" is invalid for passed-by-value type of size %d",
@@ -300,13 +300,14 @@ TypeCreate(Oid newTypeOid,
     else
     {
         /* varlena types must have int align or better */
-        if (internalSize == -1 && !(alignment == 'i' || alignment == 'd'))
+        if (internalSize == -1 &&
+            !(alignment == TYPALIGN_INT || alignment == TYPALIGN_DOUBLE))
             ereport(ERROR,
                     (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
                      errmsg("alignment \"%c\" is invalid for variable-length type",
                             alignment)));
         /* cstring must have char alignment */
-        if (internalSize == -2 && !(alignment == 'c'))
+        if (internalSize == -2 && !(alignment == TYPALIGN_CHAR))
             ereport(ERROR,
                     (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
                      errmsg("alignment \"%c\" is invalid for variable-length type",
@@ -314,7 +315,7 @@ TypeCreate(Oid newTypeOid,
     }

     /* Only varlena types can be toasted */
-    if (storage != 'p' && internalSize != -1)
+    if (storage != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN && internalSize != -1)
         ereport(ERROR,
                 (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_OBJECT_DEFINITION),
                  errmsg("fixed-size types must have storage PLAIN")));
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/toasting.c b/src/backend/catalog/toasting.c
index 3334447..3239185 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/toasting.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/toasting.c
@@ -221,9 +221,9 @@ create_toast_table(Relation rel, Oid toastOid, Oid toastIndexOid,
      * toast :-(.  This is essential for chunk_data because type bytea is
      * toastable; hit the other two just to be sure.
      */
-    TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, 0)->attstorage = 'p';
-    TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, 1)->attstorage = 'p';
-    TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, 2)->attstorage = 'p';
+    TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, 0)->attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;
+    TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, 1)->attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;
+    TupleDescAttr(tupdesc, 2)->attstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;

     /*
      * Toast tables for regular relations go in pg_toast; those for temp
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/analyze.c b/src/backend/commands/analyze.c
index c4420dd..924ef37 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/analyze.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/analyze.c
@@ -1527,7 +1527,7 @@ update_attstats(Oid relid, bool inh, int natts, VacAttrStats **vacattrstats)
                 /* XXX knows more than it should about type float4: */
                 arry = construct_array(numdatums, nnum,
                                        FLOAT4OID,
-                                       sizeof(float4), true, 'i');
+                                       sizeof(float4), true, TYPALIGN_INT);
                 values[i++] = PointerGetDatum(arry);    /* stanumbersN */
             }
             else
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/event_trigger.c b/src/backend/commands/event_trigger.c
index 71911d4..452c77b 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/event_trigger.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/event_trigger.c
@@ -471,7 +471,8 @@ filter_list_to_array(List *filterlist)
         pfree(result);
     }

-    return PointerGetDatum(construct_array(data, l, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i'));
+    return PointerGetDatum(construct_array(data, l, TEXTOID,
+                                           -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT));
 }

 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/extension.c b/src/backend/commands/extension.c
index a0db7db..00cf4ef 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/extension.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/extension.c
@@ -2293,7 +2293,7 @@ convert_requires_to_datum(List *requires)
     }
     a = construct_array(datums, ndatums,
                         NAMEOID,
-                        NAMEDATALEN, false, 'c');
+                        NAMEDATALEN, false, TYPALIGN_CHAR);
     return PointerGetDatum(a);
 }

@@ -2503,7 +2503,7 @@ pg_extension_config_dump(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

         a = construct_array(&elementDatum, 1,
                             OIDOID,
-                            sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                            sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -2539,7 +2539,7 @@ pg_extension_config_dump(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                       -1 /* varlena array */ ,
                       sizeof(Oid) /* OID's typlen */ ,
                       true /* OID's typbyval */ ,
-                      'i' /* OID's typalign */ );
+                      TYPALIGN_INT /* OID's typalign */ );
     }
     repl_val[Anum_pg_extension_extconfig - 1] = PointerGetDatum(a);
     repl_repl[Anum_pg_extension_extconfig - 1] = true;
@@ -2556,7 +2556,7 @@ pg_extension_config_dump(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

         a = construct_array(&elementDatum, 1,
                             TEXTOID,
-                            -1, false, 'i');
+                            -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);
     }
     else
     {
@@ -2577,7 +2577,7 @@ pg_extension_config_dump(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                       -1 /* varlena array */ ,
                       -1 /* TEXT's typlen */ ,
                       false /* TEXT's typbyval */ ,
-                      'i' /* TEXT's typalign */ );
+                      TYPALIGN_INT /* TEXT's typalign */ );
     }
     repl_val[Anum_pg_extension_extcondition - 1] = PointerGetDatum(a);
     repl_repl[Anum_pg_extension_extcondition - 1] = true;
@@ -2698,14 +2698,14 @@ extension_config_remove(Oid extensionoid, Oid tableoid)
         int            i;

         /* We already checked there are no nulls */
-        deconstruct_array(a, OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(a, OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &dvalues, NULL, &nelems);

         for (i = arrayIndex; i < arrayLength - 1; i++)
             dvalues[i] = dvalues[i + 1];

         a = construct_array(dvalues, arrayLength - 1,
-                            OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                            OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);

         repl_val[Anum_pg_extension_extconfig - 1] = PointerGetDatum(a);
     }
@@ -2744,14 +2744,14 @@ extension_config_remove(Oid extensionoid, Oid tableoid)
         int            i;

         /* We already checked there are no nulls */
-        deconstruct_array(a, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(a, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &dvalues, NULL, &nelems);

         for (i = arrayIndex; i < arrayLength - 1; i++)
             dvalues[i] = dvalues[i + 1];

         a = construct_array(dvalues, arrayLength - 1,
-                            TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+                            TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

         repl_val[Anum_pg_extension_extcondition - 1] = PointerGetDatum(a);
     }
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c b/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
index 540044b..6d824a5 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/functioncmds.c
@@ -433,9 +433,9 @@ interpret_function_parameter_list(ParseState *pstate,
     if (outCount > 0 || varCount > 0)
     {
         *allParameterTypes = construct_array(allTypes, parameterCount, OIDOID,
-                                             sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                                             sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);
         *parameterModes = construct_array(paramModes, parameterCount, CHAROID,
-                                          1, true, 'c');
+                                          1, true, TYPALIGN_CHAR);
         if (outCount > 1)
             *requiredResultType = RECORDOID;
         /* otherwise we set requiredResultType correctly above */
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ interpret_function_parameter_list(ParseState *pstate,
                 paramNames[i] = CStringGetTextDatum("");
         }
         *parameterNames = construct_array(paramNames, parameterCount, TEXTOID,
-                                          -1, false, 'i');
+                                          -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);
     }
     else
         *parameterNames = NULL;
@@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ CreateFunction(ParseState *pstate, CreateFunctionStmt *stmt)
         foreach(lc, trftypes_list)
             arr[i++] = ObjectIdGetDatum(lfirst_oid(lc));
         trftypes = construct_array(arr, list_length(trftypes_list),
-                                   OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                                   OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);
     }
     else
     {
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/policy.c b/src/backend/commands/policy.c
index 6e990a3..4b4e469 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/policy.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/policy.c
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ RemoveRoleFromObjectPolicy(Oid roleid, Oid classid, Oid policy_id)

         /* This is the array for the new tuple */
         role_ids = construct_array(role_oids, num_roles, OIDOID,
-                                   sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                                   sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);

         replaces[Anum_pg_policy_polroles - 1] = true;
         values[Anum_pg_policy_polroles - 1] = PointerGetDatum(role_ids);
@@ -735,7 +735,7 @@ CreatePolicy(CreatePolicyStmt *stmt)
     /* Collect role ids */
     role_oids = policy_role_list_to_array(stmt->roles, &nitems);
     role_ids = construct_array(role_oids, nitems, OIDOID,
-                               sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                               sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);

     /* Parse the supplied clause */
     qual_pstate = make_parsestate(NULL);
@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@ AlterPolicy(AlterPolicyStmt *stmt)
     {
         role_oids = policy_role_list_to_array(stmt->roles, &nitems);
         role_ids = construct_array(role_oids, nitems, OIDOID,
-                                   sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+                                   sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);
     }

     /* Get id of table.  Also handles permissions checks. */
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/prepare.c b/src/backend/commands/prepare.c
index c4e4b6e..1630ecc 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/prepare.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/prepare.c
@@ -788,6 +788,7 @@ build_regtype_array(Oid *param_types, int num_params)
         tmp_ary[i] = ObjectIdGetDatum(param_types[i]);

     /* XXX: this hardcodes assumptions about the regtype type */
-    result = construct_array(tmp_ary, num_params, REGTYPEOID, 4, true, 'i');
+    result = construct_array(tmp_ary, num_params, REGTYPEOID,
+                             4, true, TYPALIGN_INT);
     return PointerGetDatum(result);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/statscmds.c b/src/backend/commands/statscmds.c
index fb608cf..988cdba 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/statscmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/statscmds.c
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ CreateStatistics(CreateStatsStmt *stmt)
     if (build_mcv)
         types[ntypes++] = CharGetDatum(STATS_EXT_MCV);
     Assert(ntypes > 0 && ntypes <= lengthof(types));
-    stxkind = construct_array(types, ntypes, CHAROID, 1, true, 'c');
+    stxkind = construct_array(types, ntypes, CHAROID, 1, true, TYPALIGN_CHAR);

     statrel = table_open(StatisticExtRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);

diff --git a/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c b/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
index 119a9ce..f3ec012 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/subscriptioncmds.c
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ publicationListToArray(List *publist)
     MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcxt);

     arr = construct_array(datums, list_length(publist),
-                          TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+                          TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

     MemoryContextDelete(memcxt);

diff --git a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
index 02a7c04..7a13b97 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/tablecmds.c
@@ -2030,14 +2030,14 @@ storage_name(char c)
 {
     switch (c)
     {
-        case 'p':
+        case TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN:
             return "PLAIN";
-        case 'm':
-            return "MAIN";
-        case 'x':
-            return "EXTENDED";
-        case 'e':
+        case TYPSTORAGE_EXTERNAL:
             return "EXTERNAL";
+        case TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED:
+            return "EXTENDED";
+        case TYPSTORAGE_MAIN:
+            return "MAIN";
         default:
             return "???";
     }
@@ -7388,13 +7388,13 @@ ATExecSetStorage(Relation rel, const char *colName, Node *newValue, LOCKMODE loc
     storagemode = strVal(newValue);

     if (pg_strcasecmp(storagemode, "plain") == 0)
-        newstorage = 'p';
+        newstorage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;
     else if (pg_strcasecmp(storagemode, "external") == 0)
-        newstorage = 'e';
+        newstorage = TYPSTORAGE_EXTERNAL;
     else if (pg_strcasecmp(storagemode, "extended") == 0)
-        newstorage = 'x';
+        newstorage = TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED;
     else if (pg_strcasecmp(storagemode, "main") == 0)
-        newstorage = 'm';
+        newstorage = TYPSTORAGE_MAIN;
     else
     {
         ereport(ERROR,
@@ -7426,7 +7426,7 @@ ATExecSetStorage(Relation rel, const char *colName, Node *newValue, LOCKMODE loc
      * safety check: do not allow toasted storage modes unless column datatype
      * is TOAST-aware.
      */
-    if (newstorage == 'p' || TypeIsToastable(attrtuple->atttypid))
+    if (newstorage == TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN || TypeIsToastable(attrtuple->atttypid))
         attrtuple->attstorage = newstorage;
     else
         ereport(ERROR,
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c
index 5209736..8ba4b98 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/typecmds.c
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ DefineType(ParseState *pstate, List *names, List *parameters)
     Oid            elemType = InvalidOid;
     char       *defaultValue = NULL;
     bool        byValue = false;
-    char        alignment = 'i';    /* default alignment */
-    char        storage = 'p';    /* default TOAST storage method */
+    char        alignment = TYPALIGN_INT;    /* default alignment */
+    char        storage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;    /* default TOAST storage method */
     Oid            collation = InvalidOid;
     DefElem    *likeTypeEl = NULL;
     DefElem    *internalLengthEl = NULL;
@@ -382,16 +382,16 @@ DefineType(ParseState *pstate, List *names, List *parameters)
         if (pg_strcasecmp(a, "double") == 0 ||
             pg_strcasecmp(a, "float8") == 0 ||
             pg_strcasecmp(a, "pg_catalog.float8") == 0)
-            alignment = 'd';
+            alignment = TYPALIGN_DOUBLE;
         else if (pg_strcasecmp(a, "int4") == 0 ||
                  pg_strcasecmp(a, "pg_catalog.int4") == 0)
-            alignment = 'i';
+            alignment = TYPALIGN_INT;
         else if (pg_strcasecmp(a, "int2") == 0 ||
                  pg_strcasecmp(a, "pg_catalog.int2") == 0)
-            alignment = 's';
+            alignment = TYPALIGN_SHORT;
         else if (pg_strcasecmp(a, "char") == 0 ||
                  pg_strcasecmp(a, "pg_catalog.bpchar") == 0)
-            alignment = 'c';
+            alignment = TYPALIGN_CHAR;
         else
             ereport(ERROR,
                     (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
@@ -402,13 +402,13 @@ DefineType(ParseState *pstate, List *names, List *parameters)
         char       *a = defGetString(storageEl);

         if (pg_strcasecmp(a, "plain") == 0)
-            storage = 'p';
+            storage = TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;
         else if (pg_strcasecmp(a, "external") == 0)
-            storage = 'e';
+            storage = TYPSTORAGE_EXTERNAL;
         else if (pg_strcasecmp(a, "extended") == 0)
-            storage = 'x';
+            storage = TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED;
         else if (pg_strcasecmp(a, "main") == 0)
-            storage = 'm';
+            storage = TYPSTORAGE_MAIN;
         else
             ereport(ERROR,
                     (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
@@ -643,8 +643,8 @@ DefineType(ParseState *pstate, List *names, List *parameters)
      */
     array_type = makeArrayTypeName(typeName, typeNamespace);

-    /* alignment must be 'i' or 'd' for arrays */
-    alignment = (alignment == 'd') ? 'd' : 'i';
+    /* alignment must be TYPALIGN_INT or TYPALIGN_DOUBLE for arrays */
+    alignment = (alignment == TYPALIGN_DOUBLE) ? TYPALIGN_DOUBLE : TYPALIGN_INT;

     TypeCreate(array_oid,        /* force assignment of this type OID */
                array_type,        /* type name */
@@ -672,7 +672,7 @@ DefineType(ParseState *pstate, List *names, List *parameters)
                NULL,            /* binary default isn't sent either */
                false,            /* never passed by value */
                alignment,        /* see above */
-               'x',                /* ARRAY is always toastable */
+               TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED,                /* ARRAY is always toastable */
                -1,                /* typMod (Domains only) */
                0,                /* Array dimensions of typbasetype */
                false,            /* Type NOT NULL */
@@ -1078,8 +1078,8 @@ DefineDomain(CreateDomainStmt *stmt)
      */
     domainArrayName = makeArrayTypeName(domainName, domainNamespace);

-    /* alignment must be 'i' or 'd' for arrays */
-    alignment = (alignment == 'd') ? 'd' : 'i';
+    /* alignment must be TYPALIGN_INT or TYPALIGN_DOUBLE for arrays */
+    alignment = (alignment == TYPALIGN_DOUBLE) ? TYPALIGN_DOUBLE : TYPALIGN_INT;

     TypeCreate(domainArrayOid,    /* force assignment of this type OID */
                domainArrayName, /* type name */
@@ -1107,7 +1107,7 @@ DefineDomain(CreateDomainStmt *stmt)
                NULL,            /* binary default isn't sent either */
                false,            /* never passed by value */
                alignment,        /* see above */
-               'x',                /* ARRAY is always toastable */
+               TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED,                /* ARRAY is always toastable */
                -1,                /* typMod (Domains only) */
                0,                /* Array dimensions of typbasetype */
                false,            /* Type NOT NULL */
@@ -1221,8 +1221,8 @@ DefineEnum(CreateEnumStmt *stmt)
                    NULL,        /* never a default type value */
                    NULL,        /* binary default isn't sent either */
                    true,        /* always passed by value */
-                   'i',            /* int alignment */
-                   'p',            /* TOAST strategy always plain */
+                   TYPALIGN_INT,            /* int alignment */
+                   TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN,        /* TOAST strategy always plain */
                    -1,            /* typMod (Domains only) */
                    0,            /* Array dimensions of typbasetype */
                    false,        /* Type NOT NULL */
@@ -1261,8 +1261,8 @@ DefineEnum(CreateEnumStmt *stmt)
                NULL,            /* never a default type value */
                NULL,            /* binary default isn't sent either */
                false,            /* never passed by value */
-               'i',                /* enums have align i, so do their arrays */
-               'x',                /* ARRAY is always toastable */
+               TYPALIGN_INT,    /* enums have int align, so do their arrays */
+               TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED,                /* ARRAY is always toastable */
                -1,                /* typMod (Domains only) */
                0,                /* Array dimensions of typbasetype */
                false,            /* Type NOT NULL */
@@ -1516,8 +1516,8 @@ DefineRange(CreateRangeStmt *stmt)
     get_typlenbyvalalign(rangeSubtype,
                          &subtyplen, &subtypbyval, &subtypalign);

-    /* alignment must be 'i' or 'd' for ranges */
-    alignment = (subtypalign == 'd') ? 'd' : 'i';
+    /* alignment must be TYPALIGN_INT or TYPALIGN_DOUBLE for ranges */
+    alignment = (subtypalign == TYPALIGN_DOUBLE) ? TYPALIGN_DOUBLE : TYPALIGN_INT;

     /* Allocate OID for array type */
     rangeArrayOid = AssignTypeArrayOid();
@@ -1550,7 +1550,7 @@ DefineRange(CreateRangeStmt *stmt)
                    NULL,        /* no binary form available either */
                    false,        /* never passed by value */
                    alignment,    /* alignment */
-                   'x',            /* TOAST strategy (always extended) */
+                   TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED,            /* TOAST strategy (always extended) */
                    -1,            /* typMod (Domains only) */
                    0,            /* Array dimensions of typbasetype */
                    false,        /* Type NOT NULL */
@@ -1592,7 +1592,7 @@ DefineRange(CreateRangeStmt *stmt)
                NULL,            /* binary default isn't sent either */
                false,            /* never passed by value */
                alignment,        /* alignment - same as range's */
-               'x',                /* ARRAY is always toastable */
+               TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED,                /* ARRAY is always toastable */
                -1,                /* typMod (Domains only) */
                0,                /* Array dimensions of typbasetype */
                false,            /* Type NOT NULL */
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/nodeIndexscan.c b/src/backend/executor/nodeIndexscan.c
index d0a96a3..d7e4559 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/nodeIndexscan.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/nodeIndexscan.c
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 #include "access/relscan.h"
 #include "access/tableam.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_am.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "executor/execdebug.h"
 #include "executor/nodeIndexscan.h"
 #include "lib/pairingheap.h"
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/nodeTidscan.c b/src/backend/executor/nodeTidscan.c
index f0d4883..b53a6bb 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/nodeTidscan.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/nodeTidscan.c
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ TidListEval(TidScanState *tidstate)
                 continue;
             itemarray = DatumGetArrayTypeP(arraydatum);
             deconstruct_array(itemarray,
-                              TIDOID, sizeof(ItemPointerData), false, 's',
+                              TIDOID, sizeof(ItemPointerData), false, TYPALIGN_SHORT,
                               &ipdatums, &ipnulls, &ndatums);
             if (numTids + ndatums > numAllocTids)
             {
diff --git a/src/backend/jit/llvm/llvmjit_deform.c b/src/backend/jit/llvm/llvmjit_deform.c
index d7a7b32..8a3064e 100644
--- a/src/backend/jit/llvm/llvmjit_deform.c
+++ b/src/backend/jit/llvm/llvmjit_deform.c
@@ -476,13 +476,13 @@ slot_compile_deform(LLVMJitContext *context, TupleDesc desc,
         LLVMPositionBuilderAtEnd(b, attcheckalignblocks[attnum]);

         /* determine required alignment */
-        if (att->attalign == 'i')
+        if (att->attalign == TYPALIGN_INT)
             alignto = ALIGNOF_INT;
-        else if (att->attalign == 'c')
+        else if (att->attalign == TYPALIGN_CHAR)
             alignto = 1;
-        else if (att->attalign == 'd')
+        else if (att->attalign == TYPALIGN_DOUBLE)
             alignto = ALIGNOF_DOUBLE;
-        else if (att->attalign == 's')
+        else if (att->attalign == TYPALIGN_SHORT)
             alignto = ALIGNOF_SHORT;
         else
         {
diff --git a/src/backend/libpq/hba.c b/src/backend/libpq/hba.c
index d2a63e9..da5189a 100644
--- a/src/backend/libpq/hba.c
+++ b/src/backend/libpq/hba.c
@@ -2390,7 +2390,7 @@ gethba_options(HbaLine *hba)
     Assert(noptions <= MAX_HBA_OPTIONS);

     if (noptions > 0)
-        return construct_array(options, noptions, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+        return construct_array(options, noptions, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);
     else
         return NULL;
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_type.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_type.c
index 2c237cd..2709f6f 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_type.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_type.c
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ typenameTypeMod(ParseState *pstate, const TypeName *typeName, Type typ)

     /* hardwired knowledge about cstring's representation details here */
     arrtypmod = construct_array(datums, n, CSTRINGOID,
-                                -2, false, 'c');
+                                -2, false, TYPALIGN_CHAR);

     /* arrange to report location if type's typmodin function fails */
     setup_parser_errposition_callback(&pcbstate, pstate, typeName->location);
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c
index ee2d2b5..6bae837 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c
+++ b/src/backend/parser/parse_utilcmd.c
@@ -1473,7 +1473,7 @@ generateClonedIndexStmt(RangeVar *heapRel, Relation source_idx,
                          constraintId);

                 deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(datum),
-                                  OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i',
+                                  OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT,
                                   &elems, NULL, &nElems);

                 for (i = 0; i < nElems; i++)
diff --git a/src/backend/replication/logical/logicalfuncs.c b/src/backend/replication/logical/logicalfuncs.c
index 2bba2b4..a3a83a9 100644
--- a/src/backend/replication/logical/logicalfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/replication/logical/logicalfuncs.c
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ pg_logical_slot_get_changes_guts(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, bool confirm, bool bin

         Assert(ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) == TEXTOID);

-        deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &datum_opts, NULL, &nelems);

         if (nelems % 2 != 0)
diff --git a/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c b/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c
index e1d9e90..835b672 100644
--- a/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c
+++ b/src/backend/tsearch/dict.c
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ ts_lexize(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                         TEXTOID,
                         -1,
                         false,
-                        'i');
+                        TYPALIGN_INT);

     ptr = res;
     while (ptr->lexeme)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/array_expanded.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/array_expanded.c
index 18de2dd..f42fbb0 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/array_expanded.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/array_expanded.c
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include "postgres.h"

 #include "access/tupmacs.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "utils/array.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
 #include "utils/memutils.h"
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayutils.c
index d972be1..bc4360a 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayutils.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/arrayutils.c
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ ArrayGetIntegerTypmods(ArrayType *arr, int *n)

     /* hardwired knowledge about cstring's representation details here */
     deconstruct_array(arr, CSTRINGOID,
-                      -2, false, 'c',
+                      -2, false, TYPALIGN_CHAR,
                       &elem_values, NULL, n);

     result = (int32 *) palloc(*n * sizeof(int32));
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/enum.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/enum.c
index 3ea0d5d..f261583 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/enum.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/enum.c
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "access/table.h"
 #include "catalog/indexing.h"
 #include "catalog/pg_enum.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "libpq/pqformat.h"
 #include "storage/procarray.h"
 #include "utils/array.h"
@@ -602,7 +603,8 @@ enum_range_internal(Oid enumtypoid, Oid lower, Oid upper)

     /* and build the result array */
     /* note this hardwires some details about the representation of Oid */
-    result = construct_array(elems, cnt, enumtypoid, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+    result = construct_array(elems, cnt, enumtypoid,
+                             sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);

     pfree(elems);

diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/float.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/float.c
index 34af0eb..2101d58 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/float.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/float.c
@@ -2878,7 +2878,7 @@ float8_combine(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

         result = construct_array(transdatums, 3,
                                  FLOAT8OID,
-                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd');
+                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE);

         PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(result);
     }
@@ -2950,7 +2950,7 @@ float8_accum(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

         result = construct_array(transdatums, 3,
                                  FLOAT8OID,
-                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd');
+                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE);

         PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(result);
     }
@@ -3024,7 +3024,7 @@ float4_accum(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

         result = construct_array(transdatums, 3,
                                  FLOAT8OID,
-                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd');
+                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE);

         PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(result);
     }
@@ -3256,7 +3256,7 @@ float8_regr_accum(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

         result = construct_array(transdatums, 6,
                                  FLOAT8OID,
-                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd');
+                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE);

         PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(result);
     }
@@ -3397,7 +3397,7 @@ float8_regr_combine(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

         result = construct_array(transdatums, 6,
                                  FLOAT8OID,
-                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd');
+                                 sizeof(float8), FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE);

         PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(result);
     }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c
index 92ee77a..df0bdeb 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/format_type.c
@@ -136,7 +136,8 @@ format_type_extended(Oid type_oid, int32 typemod, bits16 flags)
      */
     array_base_type = typeform->typelem;

-    if (array_base_type != InvalidOid && typeform->typstorage != 'p')
+    if (array_base_type != InvalidOid &&
+        typeform->typstorage != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)
     {
         /* Switch our attention to the array element type */
         ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/json.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/json.c
index 567eab1..f78420e 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/json.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/json.c
@@ -1142,7 +1142,7 @@ json_object(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     }

     deconstruct_array(in_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &in_datums, &in_nulls, &in_count);

     count = in_count / 2;
@@ -1219,11 +1219,11 @@ json_object_two_arg(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         PG_RETURN_DATUM(CStringGetTextDatum("{}"));

     deconstruct_array(key_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

     deconstruct_array(val_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &val_datums, &val_nulls, &val_count);

     if (key_count != val_count)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb.c
index fea4335..b961d29 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb.c
@@ -1317,7 +1317,7 @@ jsonb_object(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     }

     deconstruct_array(in_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &in_datums, &in_nulls, &in_count);

     count = in_count / 2;
@@ -1405,11 +1405,11 @@ jsonb_object_two_arg(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         goto close_object;

     deconstruct_array(key_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

     deconstruct_array(val_array,
-                      TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                      TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &val_datums, &val_nulls, &val_count);

     if (key_count != val_count)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb_gin.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb_gin.c
index 63122ed..aee3d9d 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb_gin.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb_gin.c
@@ -886,7 +886,7 @@ gin_extract_jsonb_query(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                     j;

         deconstruct_array(query,
-                          TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                          TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &key_datums, &key_nulls, &key_count);

         entries = (Datum *) palloc(sizeof(Datum) * key_count);
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb_op.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb_op.c
index 443ea24..dc17e17 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb_op.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonb_op.c
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ jsonb_exists_any(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     bool       *key_nulls;
     int            elem_count;

-    deconstruct_array(keys, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i', &key_datums, &key_nulls,
-                      &elem_count);
+    deconstruct_array(keys, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
+                      &key_datums, &key_nulls, &elem_count);

     for (i = 0; i < elem_count; i++)
     {
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ jsonb_exists_all(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     bool       *key_nulls;
     int            elem_count;

-    deconstruct_array(keys, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i', &key_datums, &key_nulls,
-                      &elem_count);
+    deconstruct_array(keys, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
+                      &key_datums, &key_nulls, &elem_count);

     for (i = 0; i < elem_count; i++)
     {
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonfuncs.c
index 6e33dfb..f92861d 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/jsonfuncs.c
@@ -1019,7 +1019,7 @@ get_path_all(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, bool as_text)
     if (array_contains_nulls(path))
         PG_RETURN_NULL();

-    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &pathtext, &pathnulls, &npath);

     tpath = palloc(npath * sizeof(char *));
@@ -1479,7 +1479,7 @@ get_jsonb_path_all(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, bool as_text)
     if (array_contains_nulls(path))
         PG_RETURN_NULL();

-    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &pathtext, &pathnulls, &npath);

     /* Identify whether we have object, array, or scalar at top-level */
@@ -4361,7 +4361,7 @@ jsonb_delete_array(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     if (JB_ROOT_COUNT(in) == 0)
         PG_RETURN_JSONB_P(in);

-    deconstruct_array(keys, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(keys, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &keys_elems, &keys_nulls, &keys_len);

     if (keys_len == 0)
@@ -4511,7 +4511,7 @@ jsonb_set(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     if (JB_ROOT_COUNT(in) == 0 && !create)
         PG_RETURN_JSONB_P(in);

-    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &path_elems, &path_nulls, &path_len);

     if (path_len == 0)
@@ -4622,7 +4622,7 @@ jsonb_delete_path(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     if (JB_ROOT_COUNT(in) == 0)
         PG_RETURN_JSONB_P(in);

-    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &path_elems, &path_nulls, &path_len);

     if (path_len == 0)
@@ -4665,7 +4665,7 @@ jsonb_insert(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                 (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
                  errmsg("cannot set path in scalar")));

-    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(path, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &path_elems, &path_nulls, &path_len);

     if (path_len == 0)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c
index 7e47ebe..ecb1bf9 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/lockfuncs.c
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@ pg_blocking_pids(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     /* Construct array, using hardwired knowledge about int4 type */
     PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(construct_array(arrayelems, narrayelems,
                                           INT4OID,
-                                          sizeof(int32), true, 'i'));
+                                          sizeof(int32), true, TYPALIGN_INT));
 }


@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ pg_safe_snapshot_blocking_pids(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     /* Construct array, using hardwired knowledge about int4 type */
     PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(construct_array(blocker_datums, num_blockers,
                                           INT4OID,
-                                          sizeof(int32), true, 'i'));
+                                          sizeof(int32), true, TYPALIGN_INT));
 }


diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/name.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/name.c
index 6749e75..b88b573 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/name.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/name.c
@@ -358,7 +358,7 @@ current_schemas(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                             NAMEOID,
                             NAMEDATALEN,    /* sizeof(Name) */
                             false,    /* Name is not by-val */
-                            'c');    /* alignment of Name */
+                            TYPALIGN_CHAR);    /* alignment of Name */

     PG_RETURN_POINTER(array);
 }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/orderedsetaggs.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/orderedsetaggs.c
index d169045..4c67b4a 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/orderedsetaggs.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/orderedsetaggs.c
@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ percentile_disc_multi_final(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)

     deconstruct_array(param, FLOAT8OID,
     /* hard-wired info on type float8 */
-                      8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd',
+                      8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,
                       &percentiles_datum,
                       &percentiles_null,
                       &num_percentiles);
@@ -879,7 +879,7 @@ percentile_cont_multi_final_common(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo,

     deconstruct_array(param, FLOAT8OID,
     /* hard-wired info on type float8 */
-                      8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd',
+                      8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,
                       &percentiles_datum,
                       &percentiles_null,
                       &num_percentiles);
@@ -1002,7 +1002,7 @@ percentile_cont_float8_multi_final(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     return percentile_cont_multi_final_common(fcinfo,
                                               FLOAT8OID,
     /* hard-wired info on type float8 */
-                                              8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, 'd',
+                                              8, FLOAT8PASSBYVAL, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,
                                               float8_lerp);
 }

@@ -1015,7 +1015,7 @@ percentile_cont_interval_multi_final(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     return percentile_cont_multi_final_common(fcinfo,
                                               INTERVALOID,
     /* hard-wired info on type interval */
-                                              16, false, 'd',
+                                              16, false, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,
                                               interval_lerp);
 }

diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_upgrade_support.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_upgrade_support.c
index 0d9e55c..18f2ee8 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_upgrade_support.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/pg_upgrade_support.c
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ binary_upgrade_create_empty_extension(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
         int            i;

         deconstruct_array(textArray,
-                          TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                          TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &textDatums, NULL, &ndatums);
         for (i = 0; i < ndatums; i++)
         {
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c
index b95132b..03a88e9 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/rangetypes.c
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "postgres.h"

 #include "access/tupmacs.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "common/hashfn.h"
 #include "lib/stringinfo.h"
 #include "libpq/pqformat.h"
@@ -2389,7 +2390,7 @@ range_contains_elem_internal(TypeCacheEntry *typcache, const RangeType *r, Datum

 /* Does datatype allow packing into the 1-byte-header varlena format? */
 #define TYPE_IS_PACKABLE(typlen, typstorage) \
-    ((typlen) == -1 && (typstorage) != 'p')
+    ((typlen) == -1 && (typstorage) != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)

 /*
  * Increment data_length by the space needed by the datum, including any
@@ -2473,7 +2474,7 @@ datum_write(Pointer ptr, Datum datum, bool typbyval, char typalign,
     else if (typlen == -2)
     {
         /* cstring ... never needs alignment */
-        Assert(typalign == 'c');
+        Assert(typalign == TYPALIGN_CHAR);
         data_length = strlen(DatumGetCString(datum)) + 1;
         memcpy(ptr, DatumGetPointer(datum), data_length);
     }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/regexp.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/regexp.c
index 6c76e89..06f8086 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/regexp.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/regexp.c
@@ -1329,7 +1329,7 @@ build_regexp_match_result(regexp_matches_ctx *matchctx)
     lbs[0] = 1;
     /* XXX: this hardcodes assumptions about the text type */
     return construct_md_array(elems, nulls, 1, dims, lbs,
-                              TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+                              TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);
 }

 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
index 1587844..5e63238 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/ruleutils.c
@@ -2154,7 +2154,7 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand,
                         elog(ERROR, "null indkey for index %u", indexId);

                     deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(cols),
-                                      INT2OID, 2, true, 's',
+                                      INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT,
                                       &keys, NULL, &nKeys);

                     for (j = keyatts; j < nKeys; j++)
@@ -2279,7 +2279,7 @@ pg_get_constraintdef_worker(Oid constraintId, bool fullCommand,
                          constraintId);

                 deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(val),
-                                  OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i',
+                                  OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT,
                                   &elems, NULL, &nElems);

                 operators = (Oid *) palloc(nElems * sizeof(Oid));
@@ -2335,7 +2335,7 @@ decompile_column_index_array(Datum column_index_array, Oid relId,

     /* Extract data from array of int16 */
     deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(column_index_array),
-                      INT2OID, 2, true, 's',
+                      INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT,
                       &keys, NULL, &nKeys);

     for (j = 0; j < nKeys; j++)
@@ -2730,7 +2730,7 @@ pg_get_functiondef(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                           -1 /* varlenarray */ ,
                           -1 /* TEXT's typlen */ ,
                           false /* TEXT's typbyval */ ,
-                          'i' /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
+                          TYPALIGN_INT /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
                           &isnull);
             if (!isnull)
             {
@@ -11277,7 +11277,7 @@ flatten_reloptions(Oid relid)
         initStringInfo(&buf);

         deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(reloptions),
-                          TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                          TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &options, NULL, &noptions);

         for (i = 0; i < noptions; i++)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c
index 0b6c9d5..4caffb5 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/timestamp.c
@@ -3421,7 +3421,7 @@ interval_accum(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     ArrayType  *result;

     deconstruct_array(transarray,
-                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, 'd',
+                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,
                       &transdatums, NULL, &ndatums);
     if (ndatums != 2)
         elog(ERROR, "expected 2-element interval array");
@@ -3438,7 +3438,7 @@ interval_accum(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     transdatums[1] = IntervalPGetDatum(&N);

     result = construct_array(transdatums, 2,
-                             INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, 'd');
+                             INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE);

     PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(result);
 }
@@ -3461,7 +3461,7 @@ interval_combine(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     ArrayType  *result;

     deconstruct_array(transarray1,
-                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, 'd',
+                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,
                       &transdatums1, NULL, &ndatums1);
     if (ndatums1 != 2)
         elog(ERROR, "expected 2-element interval array");
@@ -3470,7 +3470,7 @@ interval_combine(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     N1 = *(DatumGetIntervalP(transdatums1[1]));

     deconstruct_array(transarray2,
-                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, 'd',
+                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,
                       &transdatums2, NULL, &ndatums2);
     if (ndatums2 != 2)
         elog(ERROR, "expected 2-element interval array");
@@ -3487,7 +3487,7 @@ interval_combine(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     transdatums1[1] = IntervalPGetDatum(&N1);

     result = construct_array(transdatums1, 2,
-                             INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, 'd');
+                             INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE);

     PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(result);
 }
@@ -3505,7 +3505,7 @@ interval_accum_inv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     ArrayType  *result;

     deconstruct_array(transarray,
-                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, 'd',
+                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,
                       &transdatums, NULL, &ndatums);
     if (ndatums != 2)
         elog(ERROR, "expected 2-element interval array");
@@ -3522,7 +3522,7 @@ interval_accum_inv(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     transdatums[1] = IntervalPGetDatum(&N);

     result = construct_array(transdatums, 2,
-                             INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, 'd');
+                             INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE);

     PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(result);
 }
@@ -3537,7 +3537,7 @@ interval_avg(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                 N;

     deconstruct_array(transarray,
-                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, 'd',
+                      INTERVALOID, sizeof(Interval), false, TYPALIGN_DOUBLE,
                       &transdatums, NULL, &ndatums);
     if (ndatums != 2)
         elog(ERROR, "expected 2-element interval array");
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c
index cab6874..7903550 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/tsvector_op.c
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ tsvector_setweight_by_filter(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     memcpy(tsout, tsin, VARSIZE(tsin));
     entry = ARRPTR(tsout);

-    deconstruct_array(lexemes, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(lexemes, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &dlexemes, &nulls, &nlexemes);

     /*
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ tsvector_delete_arr(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     Datum       *dlexemes;
     bool       *nulls;

-    deconstruct_array(lexemes, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(lexemes, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &dlexemes, &nulls, &nlex);

     /*
@@ -692,9 +692,9 @@ tsvector_unnest(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
             }

             values[1] = PointerGetDatum(construct_array(positions, posv->npos,
-                                                        INT2OID, 2, true, 's'));
+                                                        INT2OID, 2, true, TYPALIGN_SHORT));
             values[2] = PointerGetDatum(construct_array(weights, posv->npos,
-                                                        TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i'));
+                                                        TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT));
         }
         else
         {
@@ -731,7 +731,7 @@ tsvector_to_array(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                                                                arrin[i].len));
     }

-    array = construct_array(elements, tsin->size, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i');
+    array = construct_array(elements, tsin->size, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

     pfree(elements);
     PG_FREE_IF_COPY(tsin, 0);
@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ array_to_tsvector(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
                 datalen = 0;
     char       *cur;

-    deconstruct_array(v, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i', &dlexemes, &nulls, &nitems);
+    deconstruct_array(v, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT, &dlexemes, &nulls, &nitems);

     /* Reject nulls (maybe we should just ignore them, instead?) */
     for (i = 0; i < nitems; i++)
@@ -823,7 +823,7 @@ tsvector_filter(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
     int            cur_pos = 0;
     char        mask = 0;

-    deconstruct_array(weights, CHAROID, 1, true, 'c',
+    deconstruct_array(weights, CHAROID, 1, true, TYPALIGN_CHAR,
                       &dweights, &nulls, &nweights);

     for (i = 0; i < nweights; i++)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
index 18900e0..907b5ab 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c
@@ -4754,7 +4754,7 @@ text_to_array_internal(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
             /* XXX: this hardcodes assumptions about the text type */
             PG_RETURN_ARRAYTYPE_P(construct_md_array(elems, nulls,
                                                      1, dims, lbs,
-                                                     TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i'));
+                                                     TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT));
         }

         text_position_setup(inputstring, fldsep, PG_GET_COLLATION(), &state);
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c b/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
index 3808c30..c7ae1ed 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/adt/xml.c
@@ -4036,7 +4036,7 @@ xpath_internal(text *xpath_expr_text, xmltype *data, ArrayType *namespaces,

         Assert(ARR_ELEMTYPE(namespaces) == TEXTOID);

-        deconstruct_array(namespaces, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(namespaces, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &ns_names_uris, &ns_names_uris_nulls,
                           &ns_count);

diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/evtcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/evtcache.c
index 1b63048..fb4022f 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/evtcache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/evtcache.c
@@ -232,7 +232,8 @@ DecodeTextArrayToCString(Datum array, char ***cstringp)

     if (ARR_NDIM(arr) != 1 || ARR_HASNULL(arr) || ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != TEXTOID)
         elog(ERROR, "expected 1-D text array");
-    deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i', &elems, NULL, &nelems);
+    deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
+                      &elems, NULL, &nelems);

     cstring = palloc(nelems * sizeof(char *));
     for (i = 0; i < nelems; ++i)
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
index fb0599f..3da90cb 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/lsyscache.c
@@ -2189,7 +2189,7 @@ get_typalign(Oid typid)
         return result;
     }
     else
-        return 'i';
+        return TYPALIGN_INT;
 }
 #endif

@@ -2209,7 +2209,7 @@ get_typstorage(Oid typid)
         return result;
     }
     else
-        return 'p';
+        return TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN;
 }

 /*
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c b/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c
index b7eee3d..0201e4f 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/fmgr/funcapi.c
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ get_func_arg_info(HeapTuple procTup,
     else
     {
         deconstruct_array(DatumGetArrayTypeP(proargnames),
-                          TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+                          TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &elems, NULL, &nelems);
         if (nelems != numargs)    /* should not happen */
             elog(ERROR, "proargnames must have the same number of elements as the function has arguments");
@@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@ get_func_input_arg_names(Datum proargnames, Datum proargmodes,
         ARR_HASNULL(arr) ||
         ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != TEXTOID)
         elog(ERROR, "proargnames is not a 1-D text array");
-    deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+    deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                       &argnames, NULL, &numargs);
     if (proargmodes != PointerGetDatum(NULL))
     {
@@ -1143,7 +1143,7 @@ get_func_result_name(Oid functionId)
             ARR_HASNULL(arr) ||
             ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != TEXTOID)
             elog(ERROR, "proargnames is not a 1-D text array");
-        deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &argnames, NULL, &nargnames);
         Assert(nargnames == numargs);

@@ -1290,7 +1290,7 @@ build_function_result_tupdesc_d(char prokind,
             ARR_HASNULL(arr) ||
             ARR_ELEMTYPE(arr) != TEXTOID)
             elog(ERROR, "proargnames is not a 1-D text array");
-        deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, 'i',
+        deconstruct_array(arr, TEXTOID, -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT,
                           &argnames, NULL, &nargnames);
         Assert(nargnames == numargs);
     }
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index 464f264..dbecc00 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -10470,7 +10470,7 @@ ProcessGUCArray(ArrayType *array,
                       -1 /* varlenarray */ ,
                       -1 /* TEXT's typlen */ ,
                       false /* TEXT's typbyval */ ,
-                      'i' /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
+                      TYPALIGN_INT /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
                       &isnull);

         if (isnull)
@@ -10549,7 +10549,7 @@ GUCArrayAdd(ArrayType *array, const char *name, const char *value)
                           -1 /* varlenarray */ ,
                           -1 /* TEXT's typlen */ ,
                           false /* TEXT's typbyval */ ,
-                          'i' /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
+                          TYPALIGN_INT /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
                           &isnull);
             if (isnull)
                 continue;
@@ -10569,12 +10569,12 @@ GUCArrayAdd(ArrayType *array, const char *name, const char *value)
                       -1 /* varlena array */ ,
                       -1 /* TEXT's typlen */ ,
                       false /* TEXT's typbyval */ ,
-                      'i' /* TEXT's typalign */ );
+                      TYPALIGN_INT /* TEXT's typalign */ );
     }
     else
         a = construct_array(&datum, 1,
                             TEXTOID,
-                            -1, false, 'i');
+                            -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

     return a;
 }
@@ -10620,7 +10620,7 @@ GUCArrayDelete(ArrayType *array, const char *name)
                       -1 /* varlenarray */ ,
                       -1 /* TEXT's typlen */ ,
                       false /* TEXT's typbyval */ ,
-                      'i' /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
+                      TYPALIGN_INT /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
                       &isnull);
         if (isnull)
             continue;
@@ -10639,11 +10639,11 @@ GUCArrayDelete(ArrayType *array, const char *name)
                                  -1 /* varlenarray */ ,
                                  -1 /* TEXT's typlen */ ,
                                  false /* TEXT's typbyval */ ,
-                                 'i' /* TEXT's typalign */ );
+                                 TYPALIGN_INT /* TEXT's typalign */ );
         else
             newarray = construct_array(&d, 1,
                                        TEXTOID,
-                                       -1, false, 'i');
+                                       -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

         index++;
     }
@@ -10686,7 +10686,7 @@ GUCArrayReset(ArrayType *array)
                       -1 /* varlenarray */ ,
                       -1 /* TEXT's typlen */ ,
                       false /* TEXT's typbyval */ ,
-                      'i' /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
+                      TYPALIGN_INT /* TEXT's typalign */ ,
                       &isnull);
         if (isnull)
             continue;
@@ -10707,11 +10707,11 @@ GUCArrayReset(ArrayType *array)
                                  -1 /* varlenarray */ ,
                                  -1 /* TEXT's typlen */ ,
                                  false /* TEXT's typbyval */ ,
-                                 'i' /* TEXT's typalign */ );
+                                 TYPALIGN_INT /* TEXT's typalign */ );
         else
             newarray = construct_array(&d, 1,
                                        TEXTOID,
-                                       -1, false, 'i');
+                                       -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT);

         index++;
         pfree(val);
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c b/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
index ef15390..caa25e3 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
@@ -10756,22 +10756,22 @@ dumpBaseType(Archive *fout, TypeInfo *tyinfo)
         appendStringLiteralAH(q, typdelim, fout);
     }

-    if (strcmp(typalign, "c") == 0)
+    if (*typalign == TYPALIGN_CHAR)
         appendPQExpBufferStr(q, ",\n    ALIGNMENT = char");
-    else if (strcmp(typalign, "s") == 0)
+    else if (*typalign == TYPALIGN_SHORT)
         appendPQExpBufferStr(q, ",\n    ALIGNMENT = int2");
-    else if (strcmp(typalign, "i") == 0)
+    else if (*typalign == TYPALIGN_INT)
         appendPQExpBufferStr(q, ",\n    ALIGNMENT = int4");
-    else if (strcmp(typalign, "d") == 0)
+    else if (*typalign == TYPALIGN_DOUBLE)
         appendPQExpBufferStr(q, ",\n    ALIGNMENT = double");

-    if (strcmp(typstorage, "p") == 0)
+    if (*typstorage == TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)
         appendPQExpBufferStr(q, ",\n    STORAGE = plain");
-    else if (strcmp(typstorage, "e") == 0)
+    else if (*typstorage == TYPSTORAGE_EXTERNAL)
         appendPQExpBufferStr(q, ",\n    STORAGE = external");
-    else if (strcmp(typstorage, "x") == 0)
+    else if (*typstorage == TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED)
         appendPQExpBufferStr(q, ",\n    STORAGE = extended");
-    else if (strcmp(typstorage, "m") == 0)
+    else if (*typstorage == TYPSTORAGE_MAIN)
         appendPQExpBufferStr(q, ",\n    STORAGE = main");

     if (strcmp(typbyval, "t") == 0)
@@ -16129,18 +16129,18 @@ dumpTableSchema(Archive *fout, TableInfo *tbinfo)
             {
                 switch (tbinfo->attstorage[j])
                 {
-                    case 'p':
+                    case TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN:
                         storage = "PLAIN";
                         break;
-                    case 'e':
+                    case TYPSTORAGE_EXTERNAL:
                         storage = "EXTERNAL";
                         break;
-                    case 'm':
-                        storage = "MAIN";
-                        break;
-                    case 'x':
+                    case TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED:
                         storage = "EXTENDED";
                         break;
+                    case TYPSTORAGE_MAIN:
+                        storage = "MAIN";
+                        break;
                     default:
                         storage = NULL;
                 }
diff --git a/src/include/access/toast_helper.h b/src/include/access/toast_helper.h
index e59138d..0e92acc 100644
--- a/src/include/access/toast_helper.h
+++ b/src/include/access/toast_helper.h
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@
  * Information about one column of a tuple being toasted.
  *
  * NOTE: toast_action[i] can have these values:
- *        ' '        default handling
- *        'p'        already processed --- don't touch it
- *        'x'        incompressible, but OK to move off
+ *        ' '                        default handling
+ *        TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN        already processed --- don't touch it
+ *        TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED        incompressible, but OK to move off
  *
  * NOTE: toast_attr[i].tai_size is only made valid for varlena attributes with
- * toast_action[i] different from 'p'.
+ * toast_action[i] different from TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN.
  */
 typedef struct
 {
diff --git a/src/include/access/tupmacs.h b/src/include/access/tupmacs.h
index 0b205a0..476fcdd 100644
--- a/src/include/access/tupmacs.h
+++ b/src/include/access/tupmacs.h
@@ -145,11 +145,11 @@
  */
 #define att_align_nominal(cur_offset, attalign) \
 ( \
-    ((attalign) == 'i') ? INTALIGN(cur_offset) : \
-     (((attalign) == 'c') ? (uintptr_t) (cur_offset) : \
-      (((attalign) == 'd') ? DOUBLEALIGN(cur_offset) : \
+    ((attalign) == TYPALIGN_INT) ? INTALIGN(cur_offset) : \
+     (((attalign) == TYPALIGN_CHAR) ? (uintptr_t) (cur_offset) : \
+      (((attalign) == TYPALIGN_DOUBLE) ? DOUBLEALIGN(cur_offset) : \
        ( \
-            AssertMacro((attalign) == 's'), \
+            AssertMacro((attalign) == TYPALIGN_SHORT), \
             SHORTALIGN(cur_offset) \
        ))) \
 )
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_attribute.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_attribute.h
index 591e0d6..a4cc80a 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_attribute.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_attribute.h
@@ -110,14 +110,7 @@ CATALOG(pg_attribute,1249,AttributeRelationId) BKI_BOOTSTRAP BKI_ROWTYPE_OID(75,
     /*----------
      * attstorage tells for VARLENA attributes, what the heap access
      * methods can do to it if a given tuple doesn't fit into a page.
-     * Possible values are
-     *        'p': Value must be stored plain always
-     *        'e': Value can be stored in "secondary" relation (if relation
-     *             has one, see pg_class.reltoastrelid)
-     *        'm': Value can be stored compressed inline
-     *        'x': Value can be stored compressed inline or in "secondary"
-     * Note that 'm' fields can also be moved out to secondary storage,
-     * but only as a last resort ('e' and 'x' fields are moved first).
+     * Possible values are as for pg_type.typstorage (see TYPSTORAGE macros).
      *----------
      */
     char        attstorage;
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_type.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_type.h
index e1a5ab3..f972f94 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_type.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_type.h
@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ CATALOG(pg_type,1247,TypeRelationId) BKI_BOOTSTRAP BKI_ROWTYPE_OID(71,TypeRelati
      * 's' = SHORT alignment (2 bytes on most machines).
      * 'i' = INT alignment (4 bytes on most machines).
      * 'd' = DOUBLE alignment (8 bytes on many machines, but by no means all).
+     * (Use the TYPALIGN macros below for these.)
      *
      * See include/access/tupmacs.h for the macros that compute these
      * alignment requirements.  Note also that we allow the nominal alignment
@@ -176,6 +177,10 @@ CATALOG(pg_type,1247,TypeRelationId) BKI_BOOTSTRAP BKI_ROWTYPE_OID(71,TypeRelati
      * 'e' EXTERNAL   external storage possible, don't try to compress
      * 'x' EXTENDED   try to compress and store external if required
      * 'm' MAIN          like 'x' but try to keep in main tuple
+     * (Use the TYPSTORAGE macros below for these.)
+     *
+     * Note that 'm' fields can also be moved out to secondary storage,
+     * but only as a last resort ('e' and 'x' fields are moved first).
      * ----------------
      */
     char        typstorage BKI_DEFAULT(p) BKI_ARRAY_DEFAULT(x);
@@ -278,6 +283,16 @@ typedef FormData_pg_type *Form_pg_type;
 #define  TYPCATEGORY_BITSTRING    'V' /* er ... "varbit"? */
 #define  TYPCATEGORY_UNKNOWN    'X'

+#define  TYPALIGN_CHAR            'c' /* char alignment (i.e. unaligned) */
+#define  TYPALIGN_SHORT            's' /* short alignment (typically 2 bytes) */
+#define  TYPALIGN_INT            'i' /* int alignment (typically 4 bytes) */
+#define  TYPALIGN_DOUBLE        'd' /* double alignment (often 8 bytes) */
+
+#define  TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN        'p' /* type not prepared for toasting */
+#define  TYPSTORAGE_EXTERNAL    'e' /* toastable, don't try to compress */
+#define  TYPSTORAGE_EXTENDED    'x' /* fully toastable */
+#define  TYPSTORAGE_MAIN        'm' /* like 'x' but try to store inline */
+
 /* Is a type OID a polymorphic pseudotype?    (Beware of multiple evaluation) */
 #define IsPolymorphicType(typid)  \
     ((typid) == ANYELEMENTOID || \
diff --git a/src/include/utils/arrayaccess.h b/src/include/utils/arrayaccess.h
index 674bf51..21305f4 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/arrayaccess.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/arrayaccess.h
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #define ARRAYACCESS_H

 #include "access/tupmacs.h"
+#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
 #include "utils/array.h"


diff --git a/src/include/utils/lsyscache.h b/src/include/utils/lsyscache.h
index 370f62a..f132d39 100644
--- a/src/include/utils/lsyscache.h
+++ b/src/include/utils/lsyscache.h
@@ -186,6 +186,6 @@ extern Oid    get_index_column_opclass(Oid index_oid, int attno);
 /* type_is_array_domain accepts both plain arrays and domains over arrays */
 #define type_is_array_domain(typid)  (get_base_element_type(typid) != InvalidOid)

-#define TypeIsToastable(typid)    (get_typstorage(typid) != 'p')
+#define TypeIsToastable(typid)    (get_typstorage(typid) != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN)

 #endif                            /* LSYSCACHE_H */
diff --git a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c
index 4f6b36b..c8e43e6 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c
+++ b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_comp.c
@@ -2125,13 +2125,13 @@ build_datatype(HeapTuple typeTup, int32 typmod,
          */
         typ->typisarray = (typeStruct->typlen == -1 &&
                            OidIsValid(typeStruct->typelem) &&
-                           typeStruct->typstorage != 'p');
+                           typeStruct->typstorage != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN);
     }
     else if (typeStruct->typtype == TYPTYPE_DOMAIN)
     {
         /* we can short-circuit looking up base types if it's not varlena */
         typ->typisarray = (typeStruct->typlen == -1 &&
-                           typeStruct->typstorage != 'p' &&
+                           typeStruct->typstorage != TYPSTORAGE_PLAIN &&
                            OidIsValid(get_base_element_type(typeStruct->typbasetype)));
     }
     else
diff --git a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c
index 5acf604..1f0fe72 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c
+++ b/src/pl/plpgsql/src/pl_exec.c
@@ -1455,7 +1455,7 @@ plpgsql_fulfill_promise(PLpgSQL_execstate *estate,
                                   PointerGetDatum(construct_md_array(elems, NULL,
                                                                      1, dims, lbs,
                                                                      TEXTOID,
-                                                                     -1, false, 'i')),
+                                                                     -1, false, TYPALIGN_INT)),
                                   false, true);
             }
             else
diff --git a/src/pl/plpython/plpy_typeio.c b/src/pl/plpython/plpy_typeio.c
index e734b0d..7c844c2 100644
--- a/src/pl/plpython/plpy_typeio.c
+++ b/src/pl/plpython/plpy_typeio.c
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ PLy_output_setup_func(PLyObToDatum *arg, MemoryContext arg_mcxt,
         /* hard-wired knowledge about type RECORD: */
         arg->typbyval = false;
         arg->typlen = -1;
-        arg->typalign = 'd';
+        arg->typalign = TYPALIGN_DOUBLE;
     }

     /*
@@ -451,7 +451,7 @@ PLy_input_setup_func(PLyDatumToOb *arg, MemoryContext arg_mcxt,
         /* hard-wired knowledge about type RECORD: */
         arg->typbyval = false;
         arg->typlen = -1;
-        arg->typalign = 'd';
+        arg->typalign = TYPALIGN_DOUBLE;
     }

     /*
diff --git a/src/test/modules/test_rls_hooks/test_rls_hooks.c b/src/test/modules/test_rls_hooks/test_rls_hooks.c
index d1b7075..0bfa878 100644
--- a/src/test/modules/test_rls_hooks/test_rls_hooks.c
+++ b/src/test/modules/test_rls_hooks/test_rls_hooks.c
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ test_rls_hooks_permissive(CmdType cmdtype, Relation relation)

     policy->policy_name = pstrdup("extension policy");
     policy->polcmd = '*';
-    policy->roles = construct_array(&role, 1, OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+    policy->roles = construct_array(&role, 1, OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);

     /*
      * policy->qual = (Expr *) makeConst(BOOLOID, -1, InvalidOid,
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ test_rls_hooks_restrictive(CmdType cmdtype, Relation relation)

     policy->policy_name = pstrdup("extension policy");
     policy->polcmd = '*';
-    policy->roles = construct_array(&role, 1, OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, 'i');
+    policy->roles = construct_array(&role, 1, OIDOID, sizeof(Oid), true, TYPALIGN_INT);

     n = makeFuncCall(list_make2(makeString("pg_catalog"),
                                 makeString("current_user")), NIL, 0);

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