BUG #15900: `executor could not find named tuplestore` in triggers with transition table and row locks

The following bug has been logged on the website:

Bug reference:      15900
Logged by:          Alex Aktsipetrov
Email address:      alex.akts@gmail.com
PostgreSQL version: 12beta2
Operating system:   Ubuntu 16.04
Description:

SELECT FOR UPDATE query that references a transition table in AFTER
INSERT/UPDATE triggers produces an unexpected error. The same query with FOR
UPDATE omitted finishes without any error, which is my expectation for the
original one as well. AFTER DELETE triggers were not tested.

For example, the following query:

    create table testtr (a int, b text);

    create function testtr_trigger() returns trigger language plpgsql as
    $$begin
     perform(
       select array_agg(a) from
       (select testtr.a from testtr join new_table on testtr.a = new_table.a
for update)
       as tmp
     );
     return new;
    end$$;

    create trigger testtr_trigger
    after insert on testtr
    referencing new table as new_table
    for each statement execute procedure testtr_trigger();

    insert into testtr values (1, 'one'), (2, 'two');

produces the following error:

    ERROR:  executor could not find named tuplestore "new_table"
    CONTEXT:  SQL statement "SELECT (
       select array_agg(a) from
       (select testtr.a from testtr join new_table on testtr.a = new_table.a
for update)
       as tmp
    )"

I think the issue was introduced in ad0bda5d24ea2bcc72b5e50020e3c79bab10836b
as the query finishes successfully in its ancestor.