pgsql: Clean up some awkward, inaccurate, and inefficient processing

Log Message:
-----------
Clean up some awkward, inaccurate, and inefficient processing around
MaxStandbyDelay.  Use the GUC units mechanism for the value, and choose more
appropriate timestamp functions for performing tests with it.  Make the
ps_activity manipulation in ResolveRecoveryConflictWithVirtualXIDs have
behavior similar to ps_activity code elsewhere, notably not updating the
display when update_process_title is off and not truncating the display
contents at an arbitrarily-chosen length.  Improve the docs to be explicit
about what MaxStandbyDelay actually measures, viz the difference between
primary and standby servers' clocks, and the possible hazards if their clocks
aren't in sync.

Modified Files:
--------------
    pgsql/doc/src/sgml:
        config.sgml (r1.272 -> r1.273)
        (http://anoncvs.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml?r1=1.272&r2=1.273)
        high-availability.sgml (r1.65 -> r1.66)
        (http://anoncvs.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/doc/src/sgml/high-availability.sgml?r1=1.65&r2=1.66)
    pgsql/src/backend/access/transam:
        xlog.c (r1.407 -> r1.408)
        (http://anoncvs.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c?r1=1.407&r2=1.408)
    pgsql/src/backend/storage/ipc:
        standby.c (r1.20 -> r1.21)
        (http://anoncvs.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/storage/ipc/standby.c?r1=1.20&r2=1.21)
    pgsql/src/backend/utils/misc:
        guc.c (r1.553 -> r1.554)
        (http://anoncvs.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c?r1=1.553&r2=1.554)
        postgresql.conf.sample (r1.286 -> r1.287)

(http://anoncvs.postgresql.org/cvsweb.cgi/pgsql/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample?r1=1.286&r2=1.287)