From 53915bc1fd06790fc112cb2ac9e4b9caa742cf92 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sami Imseih <simseih@amazon.com>
Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2025 18:15:25 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 1/1] sketch of cutoff reasons

---
 src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c |  5 +++
 src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c  | 60 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/include/storage/procarray.h      |  1 +
 3 files changed, 66 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c b/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c
index deb9a3dc0d1..df1df6b0733 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c
@@ -152,6 +152,7 @@
 #include "storage/bufmgr.h"
 #include "storage/freespace.h"
 #include "storage/lmgr.h"
+#include "storage/procarray.h"
 #include "storage/read_stream.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
 #include "utils/pg_rusage.h"
@@ -1047,6 +1048,10 @@ heap_vacuum_rel(Relation rel, const VacuumParams params,
 			appendStringInfo(&buf,
 							 _("removable cutoff: %u, which was %d XIDs old when operation ended\n"),
 							 vacrel->cutoffs.OldestXmin, diff);
+
+			if (vacrel->recently_dead_tuples > 0)
+				BackendXidFindCutOffReason(vacrel->cutoffs.OldestXmin);
+
 			if (frozenxid_updated)
 			{
 				diff = (int32) (vacrel->NewRelfrozenXid -
diff --git a/src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c b/src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c
index 200f72c6e25..45dfe8a9be2 100644
--- a/src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c
+++ b/src/backend/storage/ipc/procarray.c
@@ -3244,6 +3244,66 @@ BackendXidGetPid(TransactionId xid)
 	return result;
 }
 
+void
+BackendXidFindCutOffReason(TransactionId xid)
+{
+	ProcArrayStruct *arrayP = procArray;
+	TransactionId *other_xids = ProcGlobal->xids;
+	bool		found_reason = false;
+
+	Assert(xid != InvalidTransactionId);
+
+	LWLockAcquire(ProcArrayLock, LW_SHARED);
+
+	elog(NOTICE, ">>>>>> looking up reason for %d", xid);
+
+	for (int index = 0; index < arrayP->numProcs; index++)
+	{
+		int			pgprocno = arrayP->pgprocnos[index];
+		PGPROC	   *proc = &allProcs[pgprocno];
+
+		/* Case 1: xid matches the session's backend XID */
+		if (other_xids[index] == xid)
+		{
+			if (proc->pid == 0)
+				/* with a prepared transaction */
+				elog(NOTICE, ">>>>>> prepared transaction proc->statusFlags %u", proc->statusFlags);
+			else
+				/* or a write transaction */
+				elog(NOTICE, ">>>>>> xid: transaction BackendXidGetPid = %d proc->statusFlags %u", proc->pid, proc->statusFlags);
+
+			found_reason = true;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/* Case 2: xid matches xmin */
+		if (proc->xmin == xid)
+		{
+			/* or affects horizons, which is due to hot_standby_feedback */
+			if (proc->statusFlags & PROC_AFFECTS_ALL_HORIZONS)
+			{
+				elog(NOTICE, ">>>>>> hot_standby_feedback == pid of walreceiver %d proc->statusFlags %u", proc->pid, proc->statusFlags);
+				found_reason = true;
+				break;
+			}
+
+			/* or a read-only transaction */
+			elog(NOTICE, ">>>>>> xmin: transaction BackendXidGetPid = %d proc->statusFlags = %u", proc->pid, proc->statusFlags);
+			found_reason = true;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * we failed to find reason, so it's likely a logical replication slot, or
+	 * some other reason
+	 */
+	if (!found_reason)
+		elog(NOTICE, ">>>>>> other reasons, including logical replication slot");
+
+	LWLockRelease(ProcArrayLock);
+}
+
 /*
  * IsBackendPid -- is a given pid a running backend
  *
diff --git a/src/include/storage/procarray.h b/src/include/storage/procarray.h
index 2f4ae06c279..b0cdeedb848 100644
--- a/src/include/storage/procarray.h
+++ b/src/include/storage/procarray.h
@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ extern void ProcNumberGetTransactionIds(int procNumber, TransactionId *xid,
 extern PGPROC *BackendPidGetProc(int pid);
 extern PGPROC *BackendPidGetProcWithLock(int pid);
 extern int	BackendXidGetPid(TransactionId xid);
+extern void BackendXidFindCutOffReason(TransactionId xid);
 extern bool IsBackendPid(int pid);
 
 extern VirtualTransactionId *GetCurrentVirtualXIDs(TransactionId limitXmin,
-- 
2.50.1 (Apple Git-155)